<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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  <id type="integer">1050638</id>
  <canonical-form>Cinclus mexicanus</canonical-form>
  <iucn-conservation-status>Least Concern (LC)</iucn-conservation-status>
  <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Cinclus mexicanus&lt;/i&gt; Swainson 1827</scientific-name>
  <common-names>
    <item>
      <language_label>br</language_label>
      <string>Dourlaouig Amerika</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>de</language_label>
      <string>Grauwasseramsel</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>american dipper</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Mexican dipper</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>North American Dipper</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>water-ouzel</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>es</language_label>
      <string>Mirlo-acu&#225;tico norteamericano</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fi</language_label>
      <string>Amerikankoskikara</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fr</language_label>
      <string>Cincle d'Am&#233;rique</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>ja</language_label>
      <string>&#12513;&#12461;&#12471;&#12467;&#12459;&#12527;&#12460;&#12521;&#12473;</string>
    </item>
  </common-names>
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        <full-reference>Bent, A. 1948. Life Histories of North American Birds. New York, New York: Dover.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Dawson, W. 1923. The Birds of California. San Diego, California: South Moulton Company.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Ehrlich, P., D. Dobkin, D. Wheye. 1988. The Birder's Handbook. New York, New York: Simon &amp; Schuster.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Small, A. 1994. California Birds: Their Status and Distrubution. Vista, California: IBIS Publishing Company.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Thut, R. 1970. Feeding Habits of the dipper in Southwestern Washington. Condor, 72: 234-245.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Welty, J. 1982. The Life of Birds. Chicago: Saunders College Publishing.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Bent, A. 1948. Life Histories of North American Birds. New York, New York: Dover.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Small, A. 1994. California Birds: Their Status and Distrubution. Vista, California: IBIS Publishing Company.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Thut, R. 1970. Feeding Habits of the dipper in Southwestern Washington. Condor, 72: 234-245.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Welty, J. 1982. The Life of Birds. Chicago: Saunders College Publishing.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>BBL - Longevity Records of North American Birds (Online source)</full-reference>
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  <overview>
    <nil-classes type="array"/>
  </overview>
  <table-of-contents>
    <item>
      <id>3</id>
      <label>Description</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>301</id>
      <label>Barcode</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>302</id>
      <label>Nucleotide Sequences</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>267</id>
      <label>Morphology</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>232</id>
      <label>Reproduction and Life History</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>70</id>
      <label>Behavior</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>4</id>
      <label>Ecology and Distribution</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>20</id>
      <label>Distribution</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>41</id>
      <label>Habitat</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>297</id>
      <label>Trophic Strategy</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>6</id>
      <label>Relevance</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>251</id>
      <label>Uses</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>300</id>
      <label>Wikipedia</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>9</id>
      <label>Biodiversity Heritage Library</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>7</id>
      <label>References and More Information</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>17</id>
      <label>Literature References</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>226</id>
      <label>Specialist Projects</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>298</id>
      <label>Biomedical Terms</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>227</id>
      <label>Search the Web</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>13</id>
      <label>Common Names</label>
    </item>
  </table-of-contents>
  <ancestors>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1</id>
      <canonical-form>Animalia</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Animalia</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">694</id>
      <canonical-form>Chordata</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Chordata</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">695</id>
      <canonical-form>Aves</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Aves</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1596</id>
      <canonical-form>Passeriformes</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Passeriformes</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">7564</id>
      <canonical-form>Cinclidae</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Cinclidae</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">83304</id>
      <canonical-form>Cinclus</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Cinclus</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1050638</id>
      <canonical-form>Cinclus mexicanus</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>Least Concern (LC)</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Cinclus mexicanus&lt;/i&gt; Swainson 1827</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
  </ancestors>
  <children>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1269394</id>
      <canonical-form>Cinclus mexicanus unicolor</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Cinclus mexicanus unicolor&lt;/i&gt;</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1269395</id>
      <canonical-form>Cinclus mexicanus mexicanus</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Cinclus &lt;i&gt;mexicanus&lt;/i&gt; mexicanus&lt;/i&gt; Swainson, 1827</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
  </children>
  <curators>
    <user>
      <credentials>Portland State University, MA Education

</credentials>
      <id type="integer">7</id>
      <username>klans</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>BA Physics - Johns Hopkins University
MS Education - Johns Hopkins University
ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia


</credentials>
      <id type="integer">10</id>
      <username>peter</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Ph.D., University of Bristol (1976)
D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990)
</credentials>
      <id type="integer">11</id>
      <username>paddy</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Asst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution
Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006
Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere.  Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35
PhD, Biological Oceanography, Massachussetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 2005</credentials>
      <id type="integer">20470</id>
      <username>jhammock</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>University of Michigan, PhD 1997
Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos)

Member of Ecological Society of America, Entomological Society of America.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">25567</id>
      <username>csparr</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials></credentials>
      <id type="integer">30594</id>
      <username>jweckstein</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials></credentials>
      <id type="integer">33422</id>
      <username>mstuder</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Postdoctoral Research Associate
Biodiversity Synthesis Center</credentials>
      <id type="integer">34318</id>
      <username>parham</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Curator of Zoology (Fishes), Field Museum of Natural History</credentials>
      <id type="integer">34360</id>
      <username>mwestneat</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>EOL Species Pages Coordinator, Ph. D. in Entomology, University of Arizona 1999, Diploma in Biology, Freie Universit&#228;t Berlin 1989</credentials>
      <id type="integer">35200</id>
      <username>Katja</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>William Miller, PhD
Assistant Professor
Baker University
Dept. of Biology
PO Box 65
Baldwin city, Kansas 
66006-0065



</credentials>
      <id type="integer">35243</id>
      <username>WMiller</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>University of California Berkeley
</credentials>
      <id type="integer">35508</id>
      <username>tuco</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Professor, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University. CV: http://www.eeb.cornell.edu/greene/GreeneCV.html</credentials>
      <id type="integer">35534</id>
      <username>HarryGreene</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>1.  Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Biology, Willamette University.
2.  Animal Behavior 75(6):2005-2011
3. AOU</credentials>
      <id type="integer">36132</id>
      <username>David.P.Craig</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials></credentials>
      <id type="integer">36197</id>
      <username>MarthaTestuser</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Mallari et al 2002 Key Conservation Sites in the Philippines:Haribon/BirdLife Directory of Important bird areas. Bookmark, Makati City

Member, Wildlife Conservation Society of the Philippines</credentials>
      <id type="integer">36398</id>
      <username>amallari</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>I have a PhD in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior from the University of Minnesota. I am currently employed as the William A. and Nancy R. Klamm Endowed Chair of Ornithology at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History.

Recent relevant publications:

Putnam, C. G., A. W. Jones, and R. S. Ridgely.  accepted, Cotinga.  Documentation of two Long-billed Dowitcher (Limnodromus scolopaceus) specimens from Ecuador.

Jones, A. W. and R. S. Kennedy.  2008.  Evolution in a tropical archipelago: 
comparative phylogeography of Philippine fauna and flora reveals complex 
patterns of colonization and diversification.  Biological Journal of the Linnaean Society 95: 620-639.

Jones, A. W. and R. S. Kennedy.  2008.  Plumage convergence and evolutionary history of the Island Thrush (Turdus poliocephalus) in the Philippines.  The Condor 110: 35-44.

Bridge, E. S., G. A. Voelker, C. W. Thompson, A. W. Jones and A. J. Baker. 2007.  Effects of size and migratory behavior on the evolution of wing molt in terns (Sternae): a phylogenetic-comparative study.  The Auk 124: 841-856.

Bridge, E. S., A. W. Jones, and A. Baker. 2005  A phylogenetic framework of the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution.  Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 459-469.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">36473</id>
      <username>AndyJones</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Active Member of Wildlife society of Africa, herpetological society of southern Africa and general manager and curator of reptile research and information center (Zebra Country lodge, Cullinan district Pretoria)</credentials>
      <id type="integer">37046</id>
      <username>Vaughan</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Academic staff member at Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia 

Authorship of a number of peer-reviewed publications on pied babblers

Staff member, Department of Brains, Behaviour &amp; Evolution, Macquarie University, Research fellow, Percy Fitzpatrick Institute, University of Cape Town

authorship of a peer-reviewed publication (provide reference)

Ridley, A.R. &amp; Child, M.F. 2009. Specific targeting of host individuals by a kleptoparasitic bird. Behavioral Ecology &amp; Sociobiology 63, 1119-1126.

Ridley, A.R. &amp; Raihani, N.J. 2008. Task partitioning increases reproductive output in a cooperative bird. Behavioral Ecology 19, 1136-1142.

Ridley, A.R., Raihani, N.J &amp; Nelson-Flower, M.J. 2008. The cost of being alone: the fate of floaters in a population of cooperatively breeding pied babblers. Journal of Avian Biology 39, 389-392.

Raihani, N.J., Ridley, A.R., Browning, L.E. &amp; Nelson-Flower, M.J. 2008. Female-biased juvenile aggression in cooperatively breeding pied babblers. Ethology 114, 452-458.

Radford, A.N. &amp; Ridley, A.R. 2008. Close-calling regulates spacing between foraging competitors in the group-living pied babbler. Animal Behaviour 75, 519-527. (JCR &#8217;07 IF = 2.8)

Raihani, N.J. &amp; Ridley, A.R. 2008. Experimental evidence for teaching in wild pied babblers. Animal Behaviour 75, 3-11.

Raihani, N.J &amp; Ridley, A.R. 2008. Parental aggression against dependent young results in task partitioning in a cooperative bird. Biology Letters 4, 24-26.

Ridley, A.R. &amp; Raihani, N.J. 2007. Facultative response to a kleptoparasite by the cooperatively breeding pied babbler. Behavioral Ecology 18, 324-330.

Radford, A.N. &amp; Ridley, A.R. 2007. Individuals in social groups may use vocal cues when assessing their need for anti-predator vigilance. Biology Letters 3, 249-252.

Ridley, A.R. 2007. Factors affecting offspring survival and development in a cooperative bird: social, maternal and environmental effects. Journal of Animal Ecology 76, 750-760.

Ridley, A.R. &amp; Huyvaert, K.P. 2007. Sex-biased preferential care in the cooperatively breeding Arabian babbler. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 20, 1271-1276.

Ridley, A.R., Child, M.F &amp; Bell, M.B.V. 2007. Interspecific audience effects on the alarm-calling behaviour of a kleptoparasitic bird. Biology Letters 3, 589-591.

Ridley, A.R &amp; Raihani, N.J. 2007. Variable post-fledging care in a cooperative bird: causes and consequences. Behavioral Ecology 18, 994-1000.

Raihani, N.J. &amp; Ridley, A.R. 2007. Variable fledging age according to group size: tradeoffs in a cooperative bird. Biology Letters 3, 624-627.

Raihani, N.J. &amp; Ridley, A.R. 2007. Adult vocalisations during provisioning: offspring responses and post-fledging benefits in wild pied babblers. Animal Behaviour 74, 1303-1309.

Radford, A.N. &amp; Ridley, A.R. 2006. Recruitment calling: a novel form of extended parental care in an altricial species. Current Biology 16, 1700-1704.

Ridley, A.R. &amp; Sullivan, W.J. 1998. The effect of surrounding land use on the distribution of southern crested grebes (Podiceps cristatus australis) on Lake Forsyth, Banks Peninsula, New Zealand. Notornis 45, 220-222.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">38151</id>
      <username>aridley48</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>faculty, Department of Biology
University of Miami
Coral Gables, Fl 33124

AAAS, ICRS, Sigma Xi

http://www.bio.miami.edu/Fac/Sealey.html</credentials>
      <id type="integer">38707</id>
      <username>ksealey</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Director, Animal Demography Unit, University of Cape Town.

Responsible for, among others, the Southern African Bird Atlas Project, South African Bird Ringing Unit.

Fellow of the American Ornithologists' Union.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39155</id>
      <username>Les_Underhill</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Faculty (Associate Professor of Biology), Northern Michigan University</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39424</id>
      <username>aleclindsay</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Emeritus Fellow, Trinity College Dublin

Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64.

Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76.

Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366.

Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D.  (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway.  Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68.

Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse  Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles.  Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39544</id>
      <username>jrynolds</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Affiliated with EOL Species Pages Group</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39552</id>
      <username>lshapiro</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Conservation Biologist, NGO, Vermont Center for Ecostudies
Adjunct Faculty, Antioch University New England
Elective Member of American Ornithologists' Union
</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39959</id>
      <username>Bicknelli</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Curator of marine invertebrates, National Museums Northern Ireland (Ulster Museum)
Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. &amp; Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow &amp; Rob van Soest. PDf and website</credentials>
      <id type="integer">40160</id>
      <username>BernardPicton</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>40+ years employed as collecting marine organisms, 20+yrs to present as supervisor of marine organism collecting department @ MBL, Woods Hole.
        
        </credentials>
      <id type="integer">41463</id>
      <username>eenos</username>
    </user>
  </curators>
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