<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<taxon-page>
  <id type="integer">1960</id>
  <canonical-form>Crinoidea</canonical-form>
  <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
  <scientific-name>Crinoidea</scientific-name>
  <common-names>
    <item>
      <language_label></language_label>
      <string>crinoids</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label></language_label>
      <string>feather stars</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label></language_label>
      <string>sea lillies</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>az</language_label>
      <string>D&#601;niz lal&#601;si</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>cs</language_label>
      <string>Lilijice</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>crinoids</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>feather stars</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>feather stars and sea lillies</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>sea lillies</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>et</language_label>
      <string>Meriliiliad</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fi</language_label>
      <string>Merililjat</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fr</language_label>
      <string>Crinoidea</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>hu</language_label>
      <string>Tengerililiomok</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>it</language_label>
      <string>Crinoidea</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>ja</language_label>
      <string>&#12454;&#12511;&#12518;&#12522;&#32177;</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>pl</language_label>
      <string>Liliowce (zwierz&#281;ta)</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>pt</language_label>
      <string>l&#237;rio do mar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>pt</language_label>
      <string>l&#204;rio do mar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>qu</language_label>
      <string>Chukcha quyllur</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>sk</language_label>
      <string>&#317;aliovky</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>th</language_label>
      <string>&#3652;&#3588;&#3619;&#3609;&#3629;&#3618;&#3604;&#3660;</string>
    </item>
  </common-names>
  <taxa>
    <refs type="array">
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ameziane-Cominardi, N. 1991. Distribution bathymetrique des pentacrines du Pacifique occidental. Essai de modelisation et d&amp;apos;application aux faunes du Lias. Docum. Lab. Geol. Lyon. 116. 253 p + 5 pl.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72464</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72464</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I. 1980. A model for niche differentiation in lower Mississippian crinoid communities. J. Paleontol. 54:273-288.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72465</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72465</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I. 1988. Evolutionary convergence and parallelism in crinoid calyx design. J. Paleontol. 62:906-916.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72466</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72466</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I.  1996a.  Phylogeny and classification of Ordovician Crinoidea (Echinodermata).  Geol. Soc. Amer. Abstr. with Pap. 28:292.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72467</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72467</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I.  1996b.  Crinoid plate circlet homologies.  J. Paleontol. 70:955-964.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72468</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72468</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I.  1997. Calyx plate homologies and early evolutionary history of the Crinoidea.  Paleont. Soc. Papers 3:289-304.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72469</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72469</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I.  1998a. Early phylogeny and subclass division of the Crinoidea.  J. Paleontol. 72:499-510.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72470</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72470</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I.  1998b. Origin of the class Crinoidea.  in: Mooi, R.; Telford, M. (Ed.) (1998). Echinoderms: San Francisco: Proceedings of the Ninth International Echinoderm Conference, San Francisco, California, USA, 5-9 August, 1996.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72471</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72471</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I.  1999. Origin of crinoids, p. 237-242. In M. D. Candia Carnevali and F. Bonasara (eds.), Echinoderm Research 1998. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72472</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72472</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I. &amp; L.E. Babcock. 1996. Phylogenetic affinities of Echmatocrinus brachiatus Middle Cambrian, Canada. Paleont. Soc. Spec. Papers 8:16.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72473</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72473</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ausich, W.I. &amp; L.E. Babcock.  1998. The phylogenetic position of Echmatocrinus brachiatus, a probable octocoral from the Burgess Shale.  Palaeontology 41:269-279.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72474</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72474</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Bather, F.A. 1900.  The Echinodermata.  pp. 344p. IN: Lankester, E.R. (eds.) A Treatise on Zoology, Part III.  Adam and Charles Black, London.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72475</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72475</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Baumiller, T., LaBarbera, M. Woodley J.D. 1991. Ecology and functional morphology of the isocrinid Cenocrinus asterius (Linnaeus) (Echinodermata: Crinoidea): in situ and laboratory experiments and observations. Bull. Mar. Sci. 48:731-748.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72476</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72476</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Blyth Cain, J.D. 1968. Aspects of the depositional environment and paleoecology of crinoidal limestones. Scot. J. Geol. 4:191-208.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72477</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72477</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Brower, J.C. 1987. The relation between allometry, phylogeny and functional morphology in some calceocrinid crinoids. J. Paleontol. 61:999-1032.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72478</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72478</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Clark, A. H. 1915-1950. A monograph on the existing crinoids, vol. 1(parts 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c). Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (82).</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72479</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72479</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Clark, A. H., Clark, A. M.  1967. A monograph on the existing crinoids, 1(5). Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. (82).</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72480</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72480</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Clark, A.M. 1977. Notes on deep-water Atlantic Crinoidea. Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. 31(4):159-186.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72481</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72481</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Conway, Morris, S. 1993. The fossil record and the early evolution of the Metazoa. Nature 361:219-225.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72482</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72482</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Donovan, S.K. 1992. Scanning EM study of the living cyrtocrinid Holopus rangii (Echinodermata, Crinoidea) and implications for its functional morphology. J. Paleontol. 66(4):665-675.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72483</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72483</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Guensburg, T.E. &amp; J. Sprinkle. 1997. Rhombiferans are not the ancestors of crinoids.  Geol. Soc. Amer. Abstr. with Prog. 29:A-341.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72484</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72484</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Heinzeller, T. &amp; Welsch, U. 1994. Crinoidea. pp. 9-148 IN: Microscopic Anatomy of Invertebrates vol. 14. Echinodermata. Wiley-Liss, NY.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72485</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72485</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Holland, N.D., Grimmer, J.C. &amp; Wiegmann, K. 1991. The structure of the sea lily Calamocrinus diomedeae, with special reference to the articulations, skeletal microstructure, symbiotic bacteria, axial organs, and stalk tissues (Crinoidea, Millericrinida). Zoomorphology 110:115-132.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72486</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72486</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Hyman, L. H.  1955. The Invertebrates, v. 4: Echinodermata. McGraw-Hill, New York.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72487</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72487</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Kammer, T.W. &amp; Ausich, W.I. 1987. Aerosol suspension feeding and current velocities: distributional controls for late Osagean crinoids. Paleobiology 13:379-395.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72488</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72488</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Kelly, S.M.  1982.  Origin of the crinoid orders Disparida and Cladida: Possible inadunate cup plate homologies.  Third North American Paleontological Convention Proceedings, Vol. I:285-290.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72489</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72489</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Kelly, S.M.  1986. Classification and evolution of class Crinoidea. Abstracts of the Fourth North American Paleontological Converence, A23.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72490</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72490</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Lane, N.G. 1963. The Berkeley crinoid collection from Crawfordsville, Indiana. J. Paleontol. 37:1001-1008.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72491</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72491</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Macurda, D.B. &amp; Meyer, D.L. 1974. Feeding posture of modern stalked crinoids. Nature  247:394-396.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72492</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72492</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Messing, C.G. 1987.  To the Deep Reef and Beyond.  Deep Ocean Society, Miami, Florida, 30p.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72493</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72493</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Messing, C.G. 1994. Comatulid crinoids (Echinodermata) of Madang, Papua New Guinea, and environs: Diversity and ecology. pp. 237-243 IN: David, B., Guille, A., Feral, J.-P. &amp; Roux, M.  (eds.) Echinoderms through Time. Balkema, Rotterdam.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72494</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72494</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Messing, C.G., Rosesmyth, M.C., Mailer, S.R. Miller, J.E. 1988. Relocation movement in a stalked crinoid (Echinodermata: Crinoidea). Bull. Mar. Sci. 42:480-487.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72495</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72495</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Meyer, D.L. 1979. Length and spacing of the tube feet in crinoids (Echinodermata) and their role in suspension feeding. Mar. Biol. 51:361-369.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72496</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72496</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Meyer, D.L. &amp; Ausich, W.I. 1983. Biotic interactions among recent and fossil crinoids. pp. 377-425 IN: Tevesz, M.J.S. &amp; McCall, P.L. (eds.) Biotic interactions in recent and fossil benthic communities. Plenum, NY.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72497</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72497</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Meyer, D.L. &amp; Lane, N.G. 1976. Feeding biology of modern basketstars and some Paleozoic crinoids. J. Paleontol. 50:473-480.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72498</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72498</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Meyer, D.L. &amp; Macurda, Jr., D.B. 1977. Adaptive radiation of the comatulid crinoids. Paleobiology 3:74-82.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72499</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72499</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Moore, R.C. &amp; Teichert, C. (eds.) 1978. Crinoidea. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. T. Echinodermata 2(1-3). Geol. Soc. Amer. &amp; Univ. Kansas, Lawrence.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72500</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72500</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Oji, T. 1989. Growth rate of stalk of Metacrinus rotundus (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) and its functional significance. J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo (II)22:39-51.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72501</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72501</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1090852</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Rutman, J. &amp; Fishelson, L. 1969. Food composition and feeding behavior of shallow-water crinoids at Eilat (Red Sea). Mar. Biol. 3:46-57.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">72503</id>
        <published type="integer">0</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">72503</ref-id>
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        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">0</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Simms, M.J.  1988. The phylogeny of post-Paleozoic crinoids. pp. 269-284 In: Paul, C.R.C. &amp; Smith, A.B. (eds.), Echinoderm Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology. Clarendon Press, Oxford.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Sprinkle, J. &amp; D. Collins. 1995. Echmatocrinus revisited:  still an echinoderm and probably the oldest crinoid.  Geol. Soc. Amer. Abstr. with Prog. 27:A113-A114.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Sprinkle, J. &amp; T.E. Guensburg. 1997. How the crinoid got its cup plating: Arm brachials down plus stem (penta)meres up. Geol. Soc. Amer. Abstr. with Prog. 29:A-341.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Willkie, I.C., Emson, R.H., Young, C.M. 1993. Smart collagen in sea lilies. Nature 366:519-520.</full-reference>
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    </item>
    <item>
      <id>2</id>
      <label>Introduction</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>3</id>
      <label>Description</label>
    </item>
    <item>
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      <label>General Description</label>
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    </item>
    <item>
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    <item>
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Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere.  Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35
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Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64.

Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76.

Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366.

Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D.  (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway.  Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68.

Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse  Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles.  Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63.</credentials>
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