206683 Galeocerdo cuvier Lower Risk/near threatened (LR/nt) <i>Galeocerdo cuvier</i> (Péron & Lesueur, 1822) 'Anga takaneva Carcharias Hiu macan Hiu omas Kooseh-e-babri Kpohoua Kpohoua Mano pa'ele Ma`o patapata Ma`o patapata Meraurau Meraurau Mungsing jara Niuhi Olol Piyui Requin tigre Requin tigre Ruhia Ruhie Tchissouèndji Te babatababa Te babatababa Te kili Te tababa Te tababa Te tababa Tiburón tiger shark Tigre Tigre Tintolero Tintorero Tribon innocente Tubarão tigre Tubarão tigre Tubarão-tigre Tubarão-tigre Vorimiyaru 虎沙 鼬鮫 鼬鯊 鼬鲛 鼬鲨 af Tierhaai ar Jarjur ar Jarjur knaza az Pələng köpək balığı br Rinkin-tigr ca Tauró tigre cs Žralok tygří da Tigerhaj de Tigerhai el Carcharias en Leopard shark en Maneater shark en Shark en Spotted shark en tiger shark en Tiger-shark es alecrin es Alecrín es Amarillo es Cabron es Cabrón es Galeocerdo cuvier es Tiburón es Tiburón tigre es Tigre es Tintorera es Tintorera tigre fa Kooseh-e-babri fi Tiikerihai fj Qio saga fj qio taika fr Mangeur d'hommes fr Requin demoiselle fr Requin tigre fr Requin tigre commun fr Requin-demoiselle fr Requin-tigre fr Requin-tigre commun gu Bhoavar gu Bhoovar gu Pattari gu પટટરી  gu ભુવર  hu Tigriscápa id Hiu harimau is Tígrisháfur is TÌgrisháfur it Galeocerdo cuvier it Squalo tigre ja Itachi zame ja Itachizame kn Pilithatte kn Pullia kn ಪುಲ್ಲಿಯ  ko 뱀상어 ko 뱀상어  mi Ngutukao mi Toiki ml Kalla sravu ml Kalla-sravu ml Kalvari ml Kellan ml Kethalan ml Pulli sravu ml Valiasurav ml Valiyasurav ml Vorimiyaru ml കല് വരി ml കല് വാരി  ml കല് വാരി   ml കല് സ്റാവ് ml കല്ല സ്രാവ്  ml കല്ല സ്രാവ്   ml കല്ലം  ml കളള സ്റാവ് ml കെല്ലന്  ml കെളളന് ml കേട്ടലന് ml കേതാലന്  ml പുള്ളി സ്റാവ് ml വലിയ സുരവ്    ml വലിയസുരവ്  ml വലിയസുരാവ് ml വൊരിമിയരു  mr Waghbeer mr वाघबीर ms Cucut macan ms Ikan yu ms Yu giling ms Yu tenggiri nl Tijgerhaai no Tigerhai pl Zarlacz tygrysi pt Cação pt Cação cabeça-chata pt Cação-jaguará pt Cação-jaguara pt Cação-tintureiro pt Gatinha pt Jaguara pt Jaguará pt Marracho tigre pt Tigre pt Tintureira pt Tintureiro pt Tubarão tigre pt Tubarao-tigre pt Tubarão-tigre pt Tubarão-tintureira sk Žralok tigrí sm Naiufi sv Tigerhaj sw Amzani ta Wulluven sorrah ta உளுவன் சுரா ta வள்ளுவன் சுரா ta ௨ள்ளுவன் சுரா te Kethalam-sorrah te Kethulam te Kettalam sorrah te Kurangu-sorrah te Vulluvan-sorrah te కితులమ్  te కురంగు సొర్రా te కురంగు సొర్రా  te కెతులమ్ te కేతులమ్  సొర్రా  te వుల్లువన్ సొర్రా th Chalarm Suea tl Pating tr Kaplan köpekbalığı ty Ma'o tore tore ty Mao tore tore ur Kori vi Cá Mâp vi Cá Nhám hổ wo Yanakhor Brown, Theo W. 1973. 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The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 526818 1 526818 4811032 false 1 Myers, R.F.0 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p. 526840 1 526840 4811032 false 1 Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. 526841 1 526841 4811032 false 1 Werner, T.B and G.R. Allen0 Reef fishes of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. In T. Werner and G. Allen (eds). A rapid biodiversity assessment of the coral reefs of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. RAP Working Papers 11, Conservation International, Washington, D.C. 526850 1 526850 4811032 false 1 Chen, C.-H.0 Checklist of the fishes of Penghu. FRI Special Publication No. 4. 175 p. 526851 1 526851 4811032 false 1 Assadi, H. and R. Dehghani P.0 Atlas of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman fishes. Iranian Fisheries Research and Training Organization, Iran. 526861 1 526861 4811032 false 1 Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In: Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p. 526865 1 526865 4811032 false 1 Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar0 Atlas pesquero del area norte del Mar Caribe de Colombia. Universidad del Magadalena, Santa Marta. 230 p. 526866 1 526866 4811032 false 1 Nahím, H.R. and F. Cervigón0 Peces del archipiélago Los Roques. Agencia Española de Cooperacíon Internacional. 304 p. 526868 1 526868 4811032 false 1 Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan0 New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. xiv+279 p. 526961 1 526961 4811032 false 1 Fricke, R.0 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p. 526988 1 526988 4811032 false 1 Nion, H., C. Rios and P. Meneses0 Peces del Uruguay: Lista sistemática y nombres comunes. Montevideo, DINARA, Infopesca. 526997 1 526997 4811032 false 1 Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM) 527040 1 527040 4811032 false 1 Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens0 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. 527519 1 527519 4811032 false 1 Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. John Hopkins University Press, Maryland. 527520 1 527520 4811032 false 1 White W.T., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens, G.K. Yearsley, Fahmi and Dharmadi0 Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia [Hiu dan pari yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia]. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia. 527521 1 527521 4811032 false 1 Compagno, L.J.V., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens and M.N.R. Alava0 Checklist of Philippine Chondrichthyes. CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Rept. 243. 101 pp. 527522 1 527522 4811032 false 1 Begliomini, B.0 Requins de Tahiti et ses îles. Collection Survol. Edition au vent des îles. 527532 1 527532 4811032 false 1 Randall, J.E.0 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5: 665-847. 528067 1 528067 4811032 false 1 Louisy, P.0 Guide d&#39;identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. Paris: Eds. Eugène Ulmer 529523 1 529523 4811032 false 1 Taquet, M. and A. Diringer0 Poissons de l&#39;Océan Indien et de la Mer Rouge. Éditions Quæ, Versailles, France 743564 1 743564 4811032 false 1 The tiger shark is a loner and travels long distances, swimming up to 50 miles (80 km) a day at speeds over 20 mph (32 km/hr). During the day, it is sluggish and spends its time in deeper water. At night, you can find it hunting on the reef. Because it’s active at night, it is nocturnal. 44149f4a1312780615262766c36586fc 2738331 WhyReef Text can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WhyReef EOL content Copyright Text can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged.. Some rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Supplier WhyReef WhyReef EOL content http://synthesis.eol.org 9633 audreya Recorder Beth Sanzenbacher http://j.whyville.net/smmk/nice 20982 Recorder Audrey Aronowsky http://j.whyville.net/smmk/nice 20983 Location Source URL View original data object http://j.whyville.net/smmk/reef/journalFishDetails?id=33 Citation English cc-by 3.0 Text http://content4.eol.org/content_large.jpg http://content5.eol.org/content_medium.jpg http://content6.eol.org/content_small.jpg 2738331 Encyclopedia of Life. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.eol.org, version (08/2009). 892254 1 892254 false 1 1 Overview 3 Description 290 General Description 194 Physical Description 301 Barcode 302 Nucleotide Sequences 267 Morphology 141 Life Cycle and Ecology 232 Reproduction and Life History 70 Behavior 293 Diagnostic Description 4 Ecology and Distribution 20 Distribution 41 Habitat 218 Movement and Dispersal 285 Associations 297 Trophic Strategy 8 Conservation 33 Trends and Threats 286 Conservation Status 6 Relevance 251 Uses 300 Wikipedia 9 Biodiversity Heritage Library 7 References and More Information 17 Literature References 226 Specialist Projects 298 Biomedical Terms 227 Search the Web 13 Common Names 1 Animalia NOT EVALUATED Animalia 694 Chordata NOT EVALUATED Chordata 1857 Elasmobranchii NOT EVALUATED Elasmobranchii 1887 Carcharhiniformes NOT EVALUATED Carcharhiniformes 1901 Carcharhinidae NOT EVALUATED Carcharhinidae 25468 Galeocerdo NOT EVALUATED Galeocerdo 206683 Galeocerdo cuvier Lower Risk/near threatened (LR/nt) <i>Galeocerdo cuvier</i> (Péron & Lesueur, 1822) Portland State University, MA Education 7 klans BA Physics - Johns Hopkins University MS Education - Johns Hopkins University ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia 10 peter Ph.D., University of Bristol (1976) D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990) 11 paddy Asst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006 Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35 PhD, Biological Oceanography, Massachussetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 2005 20470 jhammock University of Michigan, PhD 1997 Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) Member of Ecological Society of America, Entomological Society of America. 25567 csparr 33422 mstuder Curator of Zoology (Fishes), Field Museum of Natural History 34360 mwestneat EOL Species Pages Coordinator, Ph. D. in Entomology, University of Arizona 1999, Diploma in Biology, Freie Universität Berlin 1989 35200 Katja William Miller, PhD Assistant Professor Baker University Dept. of Biology PO Box 65 Baldwin city, Kansas 66006-0065 35243 WMiller University of California Berkeley 35508 tuco 36197 MarthaTestuser Active Member of Wildlife society of Africa, herpetological society of southern Africa and general manager and curator of reptile research and information center (Zebra Country lodge, Cullinan district Pretoria) 37046 Vaughan Positions - Researcher and Head of Section “Cenozoic amphibians and reptiles” - Research Associate, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristo Membership in professional societies - Society of Vertebrate Paleontology - American Society of Herpetology and Ichthyology - Société Française d’Ichtyologie - Gesellschaft für Ichthyologie (GfI) - German Palaeontological Society - Sociedad Española de Paleontología Publications 1) RAUHUT, O.W.M. & KRIWET, J. 1994. Teeth of a big theropod dinosaur from Porto das Barcas (Portugal). – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 13: 179–185. 2) KRIWET, J. & GLOY, U. 1995. Zwei mesopelagische Raubfische (Actinopterygii: Euteleostei) aus dem Unterturon der Kronsberg-Mulde bei Hannover/Misburg (NW-Deutschland). – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 16: 335–355. 3) KRIWET, J. 1995. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fisch-Fauna des Ober-Jura (unteres Kimmeridge) der Kohlengrube Guimarota bei Leiria, Mittel-Portugal: 1. Asteracanthus biformatus n. sp. (Chondrichthyes: Hybodontoidea). – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 16: 683–691. 4) KRIWET, J., RAUHUT, O.W.M. & GLOY, U. 1997. Microvertebrate remains (Pisces, Archosauria) from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of southern France. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 206(1): 1–28. 5) KRIWET, J. 1997. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fischfauna des Oberjura (unteres Kimmeridgium) der Kohlengrube Guimarota bei Leiria, Mittel-Portugal: 2. Neoselachii (Pisces, Elasmobranchii). – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 25: 293–301. 6) KRIWET, J. 1998. Late Jurassic elasmobranch and actinopterygian fishes from Portugal and Spain. – Cuadernos de Geología Ibérica, 24: 241–260. 7) BELLAS, S.M., KUSSIUS, K., KOMMERELL, J.K. & KRIWET, J. 1998. Integrated biostratigraphical approach of the Neogene Pigadia basin of Karpathos Island (Dodecanes Group, Greece) – Implications on the depositional palaeoenvironment based on calcareous nannofossils, ostracodes and facies development with special references to Messinian fish assemblages. – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 28: 129–156. 8) KRIWET, J. 1999a. Neoselachier (Pisces, Elasmobranchii) aus der Unterkreide (unteres Barremium) von Galve und Alcaine (Spanien, Provinz Teruel). – Palaeo Ichthyologica, 9: 113–142. 9) KRIWET, J. 1999b. Ptychotrygon geyeri n.sp. (Chondrichthyes, Rajiformes) from the Utrillas Formation (upper Albian) of the central Iberian Ranges (East-Spain). – Profil, 16: 337–346. 10) KRIWET, J. 1999.c Pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, †Pycnodontiformes) from the upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Uña (Cuenca Province, E-Spain) and branchial teeth in pycnodontid fishes. – In: ARRATIA, G. & SCHULTZE, H.-P. (eds.): Mesozoic fishes – Systematics and the fossil record: 215–238; Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München. 11) SCHULTZE, H.-P. & KRIWET, J. 1999. Die Fische der Germanischen Trias. – In: HAUSCHKE, N. & WILDE, V. (eds.): Trias. Eine ganz andere Welt. Mitteleuropa im frühen Erdmittelalter: 239–250; Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München. 12) KRIWET, J., POYATO-ARIZA, F. & WENZ, S. 1999. A revision of Coelodus subdiscus WENZ, 1989 (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the Early Cretaceous of Montsec de Rubies (Lérida). – Treballs del Museu de Geologia de Barcelona, 8: 33–65. 13) KRIWET, J. 2000a. The fish fauna from the Guimarota mine. – In: MARTIN, TH. & KREBS, B. (eds.): Guimarota – A Jurassic ecosystem: 41–50; München. 14) KRIWET, J. 2000b. Revision of Mesturus cordillera MARTILL et al., 1998 (Actinopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) of northern Chile. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 20(3): 450–455. 15) KRIWET, J. 2001a. Palaeobiogeography of pycnodontiform fishes (Actinopterygii, Neopterygii). – Seminario de Paleontología de Zaragoza, 5.1: 121-130. 16) KRIWET, J. 2001b. Feeding mechanisms and ecology of pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, †Pycnodontiformes). – Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde zu Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe, 4: 139–165. 17) KRIWET, J. & KUSSIUS, K. 2001. Paleobiology and Paleobiogeography of slerorhynchid sawfishes (Chondrichthyes, Batomorphii). – Revista española de Paleontología, nº extraordinario: 35–46. 18) KRIWET, J. 2002a. Anomoeodus pauciseriale, a new pycnodont fish (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the White Chalk Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Sussex, South England – Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 76(1): 117–123. 19) KRIWET, J. 2002b. Pycnodont fish remains (Neopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) from the Upper Jurassic of the Lusitanian basin. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 10: 577–587. 20) ARRATIA, G., KRIWET, J. & HEINRICH, W.-D. 2002. Selachians and actinopterygians from the Upper Jurassic of Tendaguru, Tanzania. – Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde zu Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe, 5: 207–230. 21) ABERHAN, M., BUSSERT, R., HEINRICH, W.-D., SCHRANK, E., SCHULTKA, S., SAMES, B., KRIWET, J. & KAPILIMA, S. 2002. Palaeoecology and depositional environments of the Tendaguru Beds (Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, Tanzania). – Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde Berlins, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe, 5: 19–44. 22) KRIWET, J. 2003a. First record of Early Cretaceous shark (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii) from Antarctica. – Antarctic Science, 15: 519–523. 23) KRIWET, J. 2003b. Neoselachian remains (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland. – Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 48(4): 587–598. 24) KRIWET, J. 2003c. Lancetfish teeth (Neoteleostei, Alepisauroidei) from the Early Cretaceous of Alcaine, NE Spain. – Lethaia, 36: 323–331. 25) KRIWET, J. 2003d. Dental Morphology of the pycnodont fish †Stemmatodus rhombus (Agassiz 1844) (Neopterygii, †Pycnodontiformes) from the Early Cretaceous with comments on its systematic position. – Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 94: 145–155. 26) KRIWET, J. & GAZDZICKI, A. 2003. A new Chimeroid fish (Chondrichthyes, Holocephali) from the Eocene La Meseta Fm. of Seymour Island. – Polish Polar Research, 24: 29–51. 27) KRIWET, J. 2004a. Late Jurassic selachians (Chondrichthyes: Hybodontiformes, Neoselachii) from Central-Portugal. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 4: 233–256. 28) KRIWET, J. 2004b. The systematic position of the Cretaceous sclerorhynchid sawfishes (Elasmobranchii, Pristiorajea). – In: G. ARRATIA & TINTORI, A. (eds.): Mesozoic Fishes 3 – Systematics, Paleoenvironment and Biodiversity: 57–74; Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München. 29) KRIWET, J. 2004c. A new pycnodont fish genus (Neopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Mount Lebanon and its interrelationships. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24: 525–532. 30) ARRATIA, G., LÓPEZ-ARBARELLO, A., PRASAD, G.V.R., PARNAR, V. & KRIWET, J. 2004. Late Cretaceous-Paleocene percomorphs (Teleostei) from India – Early radiation of Perciformes. – In: G. ARRATIA & CLOUTIER, R. (eds.): Recent advances in Vertebrate Paleontology: 635–655; Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München. 31) KRIWET, J. & BENTON, M. 2004. Neoselachian (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) diversity across the K/T boundary. – Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 214: 181–194. 32) DELSATE, D. & KRIWET, J. 2004. Late Triassic pycnodont fish remains (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the Germanic basin. – Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae, 97: 183–191. 33) KRIWET, J. & KLUG, S. 2004. Late Jurassic selachians (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from southern Germany: Re-evaluation on taxonomy and diversity. – Zitteliana, A44: 67–95. 34) KRIWET, J. 2005a. An amioid fish (Neopterygii, Amiiformes) from the Late Jurassic of the Iberian Peninsula. – Geobios, 38: 99–106. 35) KRIWET, J. 2005b. Additions to the Eocene selachian fauna of Antarctica with comments on Antarctic selachian diversity. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 25: 1–7. 36) KRIWET, J. 2005c. A comprehensive study of the skull and dentition of pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes. – Zitteliana, 45: 135–188. 37) KRIWET, J. & SCHMITZ, L. 2005. New insight into the distribution and palaeobiology of the pycnodont fish Gyrodus. – Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 50: 49–56. 38) KIESSLING, W., ARAGÓN, E., SCASSO, R., ABERHAN, M., KRIWET, J., FRACCHIA, D., MEDINA, F. 2005. Massive corals in Paleocene siliclastic sediments of Chubut (Patagonia, Argentina). – Facies, 51: 233–241. 39) KRIWET, J. 2006. Biology and dental morphology of Priscusurus adruptodontus gen. et sp. nov. (Chondrichthyes, Lamniformes) from the Albian (Early Cretaceous) of Peru. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 26: 583–543. 40) KRIWET, J., THIES, D. & MÜLLER, A. 2006. Paraphorosoides gen. nov., a replacement name for Palaeomicroides Thies and Müller, 1993 (Chondrichthyes, Squaliformes), a preoccupied name. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 26: 487. 41) KRIWET, J., LIRIO, M., NUÑEZ, H. PUCEAT, E. & LÉCUYER, C. 2006. Late Cretaceous Antarctic fish diversity. – In: PIRRIE, D., FRANCIS, J. E. & CRAME J. A. (eds.): Cretaceous-Tertiary high-latitude palaeoenvironments, James Ross Basin, Antarctica. Geological Society of London Special Publication, 258: 83–100. 42) KLUG, S. & Kriwet, J. 2006. Anatomy and systematics of the Early Jurassic neoselachian shark Synechodus smith-woodwardi (Fraas, 1896) from southern Germany. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 2006(4): 193–211. 43) PUCÉAT, E., LÉCUYER, C., DONNADIEU, Y., NAVEAU, P., CAPPETTA, H., RAMSTEIN, G., HUBER, B.T. & KRIWET, J. 2007. Fish tooth δ18O revising Late Cretaceous meridional upper ocean water temperature gradients. – Geology, 35(2): 107–110. 44) KRIWET, J., SOLER-GIJÓN, R. & LÓPEZ-MARTÍNEZ, N. 2007. Neoselachian faunas from the upper Campanian and lower Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the southern Pyreneens (northern Spain). – Palaeontology, 50: 1–21. 45) KRIWET, J., WITZMANN, F. & KLUG, S. 2008. First direct evidence of a vertebrate three-level trophic chain in the fossil record. – Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Biology, 275: 181–186. 46) KLUG, S. & KRIWET, J. 2008. A new basal galeomorph shark (Synechodontiformes, Neoselachii) from the Early Jurassic of Europe. – Naturwissenschaften, 95: 443–448. 47) STRAUBE, N., SCHLIEWEN, U. & KRIWET, J. 2008. Dental structure of the Giant lantern shark Etmopterus baxteri (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) and its taxonomic implications. – Environmental Biology of Fishes, 82: 133–141. 48) KRIWET, J. & KLUG, S. 2008. Diversity and biogeography patterns of Late Jurassic neoselachians (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii). – In: CAVIN, L., LONGBOTTOM, A. & Richter, M. (eds): Fishes and the Break-up of Pangaea. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 295: 55–69. 49) KRIWET, J. 2008. The dentition of the enigmatic pycnodont fish, Athrodon wittei Fricke, 1876 (Neopterygii; Pycnodontiformes), from the Late Jurassic of NW Germany. – Fossil Record, 11: 77–82. 50) KRIWET, J 2008. A new species of extinct bullhead sharks, Paracestracion viohli sp. nov. (Neoselachii, Heterodontiformes), from the Upper Jurassic of South Germany – Acta Geologica Polonica, 58: 235–241. 51) KRIWET, J. & HECHT, T. 2008. A review early gadiform evolution and diversification: first record of a rattail fish skull (Gadiformes, Macrouridae) from the Eocene of Antarctica, with otoliths preserved. – Naturwissenschaften, 95: 899–907. 52) KRIWET, J. 2008. Erratum. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28: 578. 53) KRIWET, J. 2008. A Late Jurassic carpetshark (Neoselachii, Orectolobiformes) from southern Germany. – In: G. ARRATIA, SCHULTZE, H.-P. & WILSON, M.V.H. (eds.): Mesozoic Fishes 4: 443–454. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München. 54) KLUG, S., KRIWET, J., LIRIO, M. & NUÑEZ, H. 2008. Taxonomy of Upper Cretaceous synechodontiforms (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii) from Antarctica. – In: G. ARRATIA, SCHULTZE, H.-P. & WILSON, M.V.H. (eds.): Mesozoic Fishes 4: 455–467. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München. 55) CARVALO, M.R. DE, KRIWET, J. & THIES, D. 2008. Anatomy of Late Jurassic squatinoids and resurrection of Pseudorhina. – In: G. ARRATIA, SCHULTZE, H.-P. & WILSON, M.V.H. (eds.): Mesozoic Fishes 4: 469–502. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München. 56) KRIWET, J., KLUG, S., CANUDO, J.I. & CUENCA-BESCOS, G. 2008. A new Early Cretaceous lamniform shark: Eoptolamna eccentrolopha gen. et sp. nov. (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii). – Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 154: 278–290. 57) KRIWET, J., NUNN, E.V. KLUG, S. 2009. Neoselachians (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Lower and lower Upper Cretaceous of north-eastern Spain. – Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155: 316–347. 58) KRIWET, J., KIESSLING, W. & KLUG, S. 2009. Diversification trajectories and evolutionary life-history traits in early sharks and batoids. – Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Biology, 276: 945–951. 59) KRIWET, J. & KLUG, S. in press. Fossil record and origin of squaliform sharks (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii). – Transaction of the American Fischeries Society. 60) KLUG, S., KRIWET, J., BÖTTCHER, R., SCHWEIGERT, G. & DIETL., G. in press. Skeletal anatomy of the extinct shark Paraorthacodus jurensis (Chondrichthyes; Palaeospinacidae), with comments on synechodontiform and palaeospinacid monophyly. – Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 61) SCHNEIDER, S., BERNING, B., BITNER, A., CARRIOL, R.-P., JÄGER, M., KRIWET, J., KROH, A. & WERNER, W. in press. A parautochthonous shallow marine fauna from the Late Burdigalian (early Ottnangian) of Gurlarn (Lower Bavaria, SE Germany): Macrofaunal inventory and paleoecology. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie. 62) SCHMITZ, L., THIES, D. & KRIWET, J. in press. Two new lamniform sharks (Leptostyrax stychi sp. nov. and Protolamna sarstedtensis sp. nov.) from the Early Cretaceous (Early Barremian) of NW Germany. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie. 63) STELBRINK, B., VON RINTELEN, T., CLIFF, G. & KRIWET, J. in press. Molecular systematics and global phylogeography of angel sharks (genus Squatina). – Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 37730 Kriwet faculty, Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables, Fl 33124 AAAS, ICRS, Sigma Xi http://www.bio.miami.edu/Fac/Sealey.html 38707 ksealey Emeritus Fellow, Trinity College Dublin Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64. Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76. Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366. Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D. (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68. Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63. 39544 jrynolds Affiliated with EOL Species Pages Group 39552 lshapiro Curator of marine invertebrates, National Museums Northern Ireland (Ulster Museum) Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. & Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow & Rob van Soest. PDf and website 40160 BernardPicton 0 22 0