224769Carcharhinus leucasLower Risk/near threatened (LR/nt)<i>Carcharhinus leucas</i> (Müller and Henle, 1839)Bull sharkCucut bekemanEhouatagboEhouatagboHiu buasHius buasLamiaLeshLeshMacipundeMacipundeMadjibundiMerak buluNkondjéNkwégnanTiburónكوسه低鰭真鯊低鳍真鲨公牛白眼鮫公牛白眼鲛圆吻真鲨圓吻真鯊大沙尼加拉瓜真鯊尼加拉瓜真鲨高鰭真鯊高鳍真鲨afBulhaaiafJavahaaiafZambesihaaibnষাঁড় হাঙ্গরcaCarcharhinus amboinensiscaTauró camúscsŽralok bělavýdaBlåhajdaJavahajdaTyrehajdeBullenhaideGrundhaideStierhaienAmbon sharpnose pufferenBull sharkenBullsharkenCub sharkenEstuary sharkenEstuary whaler sharkenFreshwater whalerenGround sharkenHervey Bay whaler sharkenJava sharkenpigeye sharkenRequin bouledogueenRiver whalerenRiver whaler sharkenSharkenSwan River whalerenSwan river whaler sharkenToroenZambezi sharkesCabeza de bateaesCarcharhinus leucasesCazónesChatoesLamiaesMadrecazónesSardaesTiburónesTiburón baletaesTiburón chatoesTiburón grisesTiburón ñatoestiburon sardaesTiburón sardaesTiburón toroesToroesXmoafaKoosehfaSag MahifiHärkähaifiSardafjQiofjqio tovutofrCarcharhinus amboinensisfrRequin balestrinefrRequin bouledoguefrRequin chasseurfrRequin-bouledoguehuBikacápaidHiu bantengitCarcharhinus leucasjaOomejiro zamejaUshi zamejaオオメジロザメkmTrey chhlarmko황소상어msJerungmsMongiwamsYunlStierhaainlVarkensooghaaiplZarlacz wielkoglowy a. tepoglowyplŻarłacz tępogłowyptCabeça chataptCaçãoptCação-fidalgoptCação-flamengoptMarracho baletaptMarracho touroptSicuri-brancoptTubaráoptTubarão-buldogueruАкула-быкskŽralok belavýsmMaliesrPas trupansvGråhajsvTjurhajthChararm Hua-bartthปลาฉลามหัวบาตรtlPatingtrKöpek baligi türüviCá M?p lo - caviCá Mập lơ - ca1997. 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The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.52681815268182523014false1Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland.52684115268412523014false1Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In: Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p.52686515268652523014false1Fricke, R.0 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.52698815269882523014false1Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM)52704015270402523014false1Miller, R.R.0 Freshwater fishes of México. The University of Chicago Press. 490 p.52712215271222523014false1Bell-Cross, G. and J.L. Minshull0 The fishes of Zimbabwe. National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. 294 p.52746615274662523014false1Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p.52751815275182523014false1Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens0 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p.52751915275192523014false1Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. John Hopkins University Press, Maryland.52752015275202523014false1White W.T., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens, G.K. Yearsley, Fahmi and Dharmadi0 Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia [Hiu dan pari yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia]. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia.52752115275212523014false1Compagno, L.J.V., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens and M.N.R. Alava0 Checklist of Philippine Chondrichthyes. CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Rept. 243. 101 pp.52752215275222523014false1Allen, G.R., S.H. Midgley and M. Allen0 Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Australia. Western Australian Museum, , Perth, Western Australia. 394 p.52754615275462523014false1Louisy, P.0 Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. Paris: Eds. Eugène Ulmer52952315295232523014false1Taquet, M. and A. Diringer0 Poissons de l'Océan Indien et de la Mer Rouge. Éditions Quæ, Versailles, France74356417435642523014false1Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.52681815268183263734false1Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland.52684115268413263734false1Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In: Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p.52686515268653263734false1Fricke, R.0 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.52698815269883263734false1Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM)52704015270403263734false1Miller, R.R.0 Freshwater fishes of México. The University of Chicago Press. 490 p.52712215271223263734false1Bell-Cross, G. and J.L. Minshull0 The fishes of Zimbabwe. National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. 294 p.52746615274663263734false1Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p.52751815275183263734false1Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens0 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p.52751915275193263734false1Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. John Hopkins University Press, Maryland.52752015275203263734false1White W.T., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens, G.K. Yearsley, Fahmi and Dharmadi0 Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia [Hiu dan pari yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia]. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia.52752115275213263734false1Compagno, L.J.V., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens and M.N.R. Alava0 Checklist of Philippine Chondrichthyes. CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Rept. 243. 101 pp.52752215275223263734false1Allen, G.R., S.H. Midgley and M. Allen0 Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Australia. Western Australian Museum, , Perth, Western Australia. 394 p.52754615275463263734false1Louisy, P.0 Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. Paris: Eds. Eugène Ulmer52952315295233263734false1Taquet, M. and A. Diringer0 Poissons de l'Océan Indien et de la Mer Rouge. Éditions Quæ, Versailles, France74356417435643263734false1Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.52681815268184811020false1Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland.52684115268414811020false1Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In: Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p.52686515268654811020false1Fricke, R.0 Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31: 759 p.52698815269884811020false1Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM)52704015270404811020false1Miller, R.R.0 Freshwater fishes of México. The University of Chicago Press. 490 p.52712215271224811020false1Bell-Cross, G. and J.L. Minshull0 The fishes of Zimbabwe. National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. 294 p.52746615274664811020false1Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p.52751815275184811020false1Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens0 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p.52751915275194811020false1Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. John Hopkins University Press, Maryland.52752015275204811020false1White W.T., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens, G.K. Yearsley, Fahmi and Dharmadi0 Economically important sharks and rays of Indonesia [Hiu dan pari yang bernilai ekonomis penting di Indonesia]. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia.52752115275214811020false1Compagno, L.J.V., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens and M.N.R. Alava0 Checklist of Philippine Chondrichthyes. CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Rept. 243. 101 pp.52752215275224811020false1Allen, G.R., S.H. Midgley and M. Allen0 Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Australia. Western Australian Museum, , Perth, Western Australia. 394 p.52754615275464811020false1Louisy, P.0 Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. Paris: Eds. Eugène Ulmer52952315295234811020false1Taquet, M. and A. Diringer0 Poissons de l'Océan Indien et de la Mer Rouge. Éditions Quæ, Versailles, France74356417435644811020false1The biology of the bull shark is still little known but it shows extraordinary physiological adaptations that allow it to persist in both freshwater and saltwater. Bull sharks have been captured in places you would never imagine a shark to be found; in the foothills of the Peruvian Andes, 3,700 kilometres up the Amazon River; and in Lake Nicaragua, the largest lake in Central America. However, the bull shark may not be able to complete its entire life cycle in freshwater, and all sharks in freshwater require access to saltwater through rivers and estuaries (2) (3).</p><p>Its swims slowly and heavily, usually near the bottom, concealing its surprising agility and speed employed when attacking prey (2), and deceiving one into believing this may not be one of the most dangerous species of tropical shark, as it is frequently cited (2) (5) (6). Along with the great white and tiger shark the bull shark is responsible for the most accidents involving people (2); a result of its tendency to take large prey and the proximity of its habitat to the activities of humans (2). The bull shark's broad and varied diet includes bony fishes, other shark species (even occasionally young bull sharks), sea turtles, birds, dolphins, and terrestrial mammals (2).</p><p>The bull shark is viviparous, giving birth to 1 to 13 young in each litter after a pregnancy of 10 to 11 months (2). The female gives birth in late spring and early summer in both hemispheres, in estuaries, river mouths, and very occasionally in freshwater lakes (2). Mating takes place at the same time of the year but it is unknown where exactly as it has never been directly observed (4).54e955ea6798be9bbcfa5eac67f57aa42617282WildscreenCopyright Wildscreen 2003-2008ARKiveCopyrightCopyright Wildscreen 2003-2008. Some rights reservedhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/SupplierARKivehttp://www.arkive.org/5978arkiveLocationSource URLView original data objecthttp://www.arkive.org/bull-shark/carcharhinus-leucas/CitationEnglishcc-by-nc-sa 3.0Texthttp://content4.eol.org/content_large.jpghttp://content5.eol.org/content_medium.jpghttp://content6.eol.org/content_small.jpg13290194301302267141232702934204121829783328662512953009717226298227131AnimaliaNOT EVALUATEDAnimalia694ChordataNOT EVALUATEDChordata1857ElasmobranchiiNOT EVALUATEDElasmobranchii1887CarcharhiniformesNOT EVALUATEDCarcharhiniformes1901CarcharhinidaeNOT EVALUATEDCarcharhinidae23812CarcharhinusNOT EVALUATEDCarcharhinus224769Carcharhinus leucasLower Risk/near threatened (LR/nt)<i>Carcharhinus leucas</i> (Müller and Henle, 1839)Portland State University, MA Education
7klansBA Physics - Johns Hopkins University
MS Education - Johns Hopkins University
ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia
10peterPh.D., University of Bristol (1976)
D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990)
11paddyAsst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution
Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006
Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35
PhD, Biological Oceanography, Massachussetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 200520470jhammockUniversity of Michigan, PhD 1997
Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos)
Member of Ecological Society of America, Entomological Society of America.25567csparr33422mstuderCurator of Zoology (Fishes), Field Museum of Natural History34360mwestneatEOL Species Pages Coordinator, Ph. D. in Entomology, University of Arizona 1999, Diploma in Biology, Freie Universität Berlin 198935200KatjaWilliam Miller, PhD
Assistant Professor
Baker University
Dept. of Biology
PO Box 65
Baldwin city, Kansas
66006-0065
35243WMillerUniversity of California Berkeley
35508tuco36197MarthaTestuserActive Member of Wildlife society of Africa, herpetological society of southern Africa and general manager and curator of reptile research and information center (Zebra Country lodge, Cullinan district Pretoria)37046VaughanPositions
- Researcher and Head of Section “Cenozoic amphibians and reptiles”
- Research Associate, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristo
Membership in professional societies
- Society of Vertebrate Paleontology
- American Society of Herpetology and Ichthyology
- Société Française d’Ichtyologie
- Gesellschaft für Ichthyologie (GfI)
- German Palaeontological Society
- Sociedad Española de Paleontología
Publications
1) RAUHUT, O.W.M. & KRIWET, J. 1994. Teeth of a big theropod dinosaur from Porto das Barcas (Portugal). – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 13: 179–185.
2) KRIWET, J. & GLOY, U. 1995. Zwei mesopelagische Raubfische (Actinopterygii: Euteleostei) aus dem Unterturon der Kronsberg-Mulde bei Hannover/Misburg (NW-Deutschland). – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 16: 335–355.
3) KRIWET, J. 1995. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fisch-Fauna des Ober-Jura (unteres Kimmeridge) der Kohlengrube Guimarota bei Leiria, Mittel-Portugal: 1. Asteracanthus biformatus n. sp. (Chondrichthyes: Hybodontoidea). – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 16: 683–691.
4) KRIWET, J., RAUHUT, O.W.M. & GLOY, U. 1997. Microvertebrate remains (Pisces, Archosauria) from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of southern France. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 206(1): 1–28.
5) KRIWET, J. 1997. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Fischfauna des Oberjura (unteres Kimmeridgium) der Kohlengrube Guimarota bei Leiria, Mittel-Portugal: 2. Neoselachii (Pisces, Elasmobranchii). – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 25: 293–301.
6) KRIWET, J. 1998. Late Jurassic elasmobranch and actinopterygian fishes from Portugal and Spain. – Cuadernos de Geología Ibérica, 24: 241–260.
7) BELLAS, S.M., KUSSIUS, K., KOMMERELL, J.K. & KRIWET, J. 1998. Integrated biostratigraphical approach of the Neogene Pigadia basin of Karpathos Island (Dodecanes Group, Greece) – Implications on the depositional palaeoenvironment based on calcareous nannofossils, ostracodes and facies development with special references to Messinian fish assemblages. – Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E 28: 129–156.
8) KRIWET, J. 1999a. Neoselachier (Pisces, Elasmobranchii) aus der Unterkreide (unteres Barremium) von Galve und Alcaine (Spanien, Provinz Teruel). – Palaeo Ichthyologica, 9: 113–142.
9) KRIWET, J. 1999b. Ptychotrygon geyeri n.sp. (Chondrichthyes, Rajiformes) from the Utrillas Formation (upper Albian) of the central Iberian Ranges (East-Spain). – Profil, 16: 337–346.
10) KRIWET, J. 1999.c Pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, †Pycnodontiformes) from the upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Uña (Cuenca Province, E-Spain) and branchial teeth in pycnodontid fishes. – In: ARRATIA, G. & SCHULTZE, H.-P. (eds.): Mesozoic fishes – Systematics and the fossil record: 215–238; Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
11) SCHULTZE, H.-P. & KRIWET, J. 1999. Die Fische der Germanischen Trias. – In: HAUSCHKE, N. & WILDE, V. (eds.): Trias. Eine ganz andere Welt. Mitteleuropa im frühen Erdmittelalter: 239–250; Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
12) KRIWET, J., POYATO-ARIZA, F. & WENZ, S. 1999. A revision of Coelodus subdiscus WENZ, 1989 (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the Early Cretaceous of Montsec de Rubies (Lérida). – Treballs del Museu de Geologia de Barcelona, 8: 33–65.
13) KRIWET, J. 2000a. The fish fauna from the Guimarota mine. – In: MARTIN, TH. & KREBS, B. (eds.): Guimarota – A Jurassic ecosystem: 41–50; München.
14) KRIWET, J. 2000b. Revision of Mesturus cordillera MARTILL et al., 1998 (Actinopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) of northern Chile. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 20(3): 450–455.
15) KRIWET, J. 2001a. Palaeobiogeography of pycnodontiform fishes (Actinopterygii, Neopterygii). – Seminario de Paleontología de Zaragoza, 5.1: 121-130.
16) KRIWET, J. 2001b. Feeding mechanisms and ecology of pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, †Pycnodontiformes). – Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde zu Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe, 4: 139–165.
17) KRIWET, J. & KUSSIUS, K. 2001. Paleobiology and Paleobiogeography of slerorhynchid sawfishes (Chondrichthyes, Batomorphii). – Revista española de Paleontología, nº extraordinario: 35–46.
18) KRIWET, J. 2002a. Anomoeodus pauciseriale, a new pycnodont fish (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the White Chalk Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Sussex, South England – Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 76(1): 117–123.
19) KRIWET, J. 2002b. Pycnodont fish remains (Neopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) from the Upper Jurassic of the Lusitanian basin. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 10: 577–587.
20) ARRATIA, G., KRIWET, J. & HEINRICH, W.-D. 2002. Selachians and actinopterygians from the Upper Jurassic of Tendaguru, Tanzania. – Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde zu Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe, 5: 207–230.
21) ABERHAN, M., BUSSERT, R., HEINRICH, W.-D., SCHRANK, E., SCHULTKA, S., SAMES, B., KRIWET, J. & KAPILIMA, S. 2002. Palaeoecology and depositional environments of the Tendaguru Beds (Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, Tanzania). – Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde Berlins, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe, 5: 19–44.
22) KRIWET, J. 2003a. First record of Early Cretaceous shark (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii) from Antarctica. – Antarctic Science, 15: 519–523.
23) KRIWET, J. 2003b. Neoselachian remains (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Middle Jurassic of SW Germany and NW Poland. – Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 48(4): 587–598.
24) KRIWET, J. 2003c. Lancetfish teeth (Neoteleostei, Alepisauroidei) from the Early Cretaceous of Alcaine, NE Spain. – Lethaia, 36: 323–331.
25) KRIWET, J. 2003d. Dental Morphology of the pycnodont fish †Stemmatodus rhombus (Agassiz 1844) (Neopterygii, †Pycnodontiformes) from the Early Cretaceous with comments on its systematic position. – Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 94: 145–155.
26) KRIWET, J. & GAZDZICKI, A. 2003. A new Chimeroid fish (Chondrichthyes, Holocephali) from the Eocene La Meseta Fm. of Seymour Island. – Polish Polar Research, 24: 29–51.
27) KRIWET, J. 2004a. Late Jurassic selachians (Chondrichthyes: Hybodontiformes, Neoselachii) from Central-Portugal. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 4: 233–256.
28) KRIWET, J. 2004b. The systematic position of the Cretaceous sclerorhynchid sawfishes (Elasmobranchii, Pristiorajea). – In: G. ARRATIA & TINTORI, A. (eds.): Mesozoic Fishes 3 – Systematics, Paleoenvironment and Biodiversity: 57–74; Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
29) KRIWET, J. 2004c. A new pycnodont fish genus (Neopterygii: Pycnodontiformes) from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Mount Lebanon and its interrelationships. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24: 525–532.
30) ARRATIA, G., LÓPEZ-ARBARELLO, A., PRASAD, G.V.R., PARNAR, V. & KRIWET, J. 2004. Late Cretaceous-Paleocene percomorphs (Teleostei) from India – Early radiation of Perciformes. – In: G. ARRATIA & CLOUTIER, R. (eds.): Recent advances in Vertebrate Paleontology: 635–655; Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
31) KRIWET, J. & BENTON, M. 2004. Neoselachian (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) diversity across the K/T boundary. – Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 214: 181–194.
32) DELSATE, D. & KRIWET, J. 2004. Late Triassic pycnodont fish remains (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes) from the Germanic basin. – Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae, 97: 183–191.
33) KRIWET, J. & KLUG, S. 2004. Late Jurassic selachians (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from southern Germany: Re-evaluation on taxonomy and diversity. – Zitteliana, A44: 67–95.
34) KRIWET, J. 2005a. An amioid fish (Neopterygii, Amiiformes) from the Late Jurassic of the Iberian Peninsula. – Geobios, 38: 99–106.
35) KRIWET, J. 2005b. Additions to the Eocene selachian fauna of Antarctica with comments on Antarctic selachian diversity. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 25: 1–7.
36) KRIWET, J. 2005c. A comprehensive study of the skull and dentition of pycnodont fishes (Neopterygii, Pycnodontiformes. – Zitteliana, 45: 135–188.
37) KRIWET, J. & SCHMITZ, L. 2005. New insight into the distribution and palaeobiology of the pycnodont fish Gyrodus. – Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 50: 49–56.
38) KIESSLING, W., ARAGÓN, E., SCASSO, R., ABERHAN, M., KRIWET, J., FRACCHIA, D., MEDINA, F. 2005. Massive corals in Paleocene siliclastic sediments of Chubut (Patagonia, Argentina). – Facies, 51: 233–241.
39) KRIWET, J. 2006. Biology and dental morphology of Priscusurus adruptodontus gen. et sp. nov. (Chondrichthyes, Lamniformes) from the Albian (Early Cretaceous) of Peru. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 26: 583–543.
40) KRIWET, J., THIES, D. & MÜLLER, A. 2006. Paraphorosoides gen. nov., a replacement name for Palaeomicroides Thies and Müller, 1993 (Chondrichthyes, Squaliformes), a preoccupied name. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 26: 487.
41) KRIWET, J., LIRIO, M., NUÑEZ, H. PUCEAT, E. & LÉCUYER, C. 2006. Late Cretaceous Antarctic fish diversity. – In: PIRRIE, D., FRANCIS, J. E. & CRAME J. A. (eds.): Cretaceous-Tertiary high-latitude palaeoenvironments, James Ross Basin, Antarctica. Geological Society of London Special Publication, 258: 83–100.
42) KLUG, S. & Kriwet, J. 2006. Anatomy and systematics of the Early Jurassic neoselachian shark Synechodus smith-woodwardi (Fraas, 1896) from southern Germany. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte, 2006(4): 193–211.
43) PUCÉAT, E., LÉCUYER, C., DONNADIEU, Y., NAVEAU, P., CAPPETTA, H., RAMSTEIN, G., HUBER, B.T. & KRIWET, J. 2007. Fish tooth δ18O revising Late Cretaceous meridional upper ocean water temperature gradients. – Geology, 35(2): 107–110.
44) KRIWET, J., SOLER-GIJÓN, R. & LÓPEZ-MARTÍNEZ, N. 2007. Neoselachian faunas from the upper Campanian and lower Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the southern Pyreneens (northern Spain). – Palaeontology, 50: 1–21.
45) KRIWET, J., WITZMANN, F. & KLUG, S. 2008. First direct evidence of a vertebrate three-level trophic chain in the fossil record. – Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Biology, 275: 181–186.
46) KLUG, S. & KRIWET, J. 2008. A new basal galeomorph shark (Synechodontiformes, Neoselachii) from the Early Jurassic of Europe. – Naturwissenschaften, 95: 443–448.
47) STRAUBE, N., SCHLIEWEN, U. & KRIWET, J. 2008. Dental structure of the Giant lantern shark Etmopterus baxteri (Chondrichthyes: Squaliformes) and its taxonomic implications. – Environmental Biology of Fishes, 82: 133–141.
48) KRIWET, J. & KLUG, S. 2008. Diversity and biogeography patterns of Late Jurassic neoselachians (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii). – In: CAVIN, L., LONGBOTTOM, A. & Richter, M. (eds): Fishes and the Break-up of Pangaea. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 295: 55–69.
49) KRIWET, J. 2008. The dentition of the enigmatic pycnodont fish, Athrodon wittei Fricke, 1876 (Neopterygii; Pycnodontiformes), from the Late Jurassic of NW Germany. – Fossil Record, 11: 77–82.
50) KRIWET, J 2008. A new species of extinct bullhead sharks, Paracestracion viohli sp. nov. (Neoselachii, Heterodontiformes), from the Upper Jurassic of South Germany – Acta Geologica Polonica, 58: 235–241.
51) KRIWET, J. & HECHT, T. 2008. A review early gadiform evolution and diversification: first record of a rattail fish skull (Gadiformes, Macrouridae) from the Eocene of Antarctica, with otoliths preserved. – Naturwissenschaften, 95: 899–907.
52) KRIWET, J. 2008. Erratum. – Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 28: 578.
53) KRIWET, J. 2008. A Late Jurassic carpetshark (Neoselachii, Orectolobiformes) from southern Germany. – In: G. ARRATIA, SCHULTZE, H.-P. & WILSON, M.V.H. (eds.): Mesozoic Fishes 4: 443–454. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
54) KLUG, S., KRIWET, J., LIRIO, M. & NUÑEZ, H. 2008. Taxonomy of Upper Cretaceous synechodontiforms (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii) from Antarctica. – In: G. ARRATIA, SCHULTZE, H.-P. & WILSON, M.V.H. (eds.): Mesozoic Fishes 4: 455–467. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
55) CARVALO, M.R. DE, KRIWET, J. & THIES, D. 2008. Anatomy of Late Jurassic squatinoids and resurrection of Pseudorhina. – In: G. ARRATIA, SCHULTZE, H.-P. & WILSON, M.V.H. (eds.): Mesozoic Fishes 4: 469–502. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
56) KRIWET, J., KLUG, S., CANUDO, J.I. & CUENCA-BESCOS, G. 2008. A new Early Cretaceous lamniform shark: Eoptolamna eccentrolopha gen. et sp. nov. (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii). – Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 154: 278–290.
57) KRIWET, J., NUNN, E.V. KLUG, S. 2009. Neoselachians (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Lower and lower Upper Cretaceous of north-eastern Spain. – Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 155: 316–347.
58) KRIWET, J., KIESSLING, W. & KLUG, S. 2009. Diversification trajectories and evolutionary life-history traits in early sharks and batoids. – Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Biology, 276: 945–951.
59) KRIWET, J. & KLUG, S. in press. Fossil record and origin of squaliform sharks (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii). – Transaction of the American Fischeries Society.
60) KLUG, S., KRIWET, J., BÖTTCHER, R., SCHWEIGERT, G. & DIETL., G. in press. Skeletal anatomy of the extinct shark Paraorthacodus jurensis (Chondrichthyes; Palaeospinacidae), with comments on synechodontiform and palaeospinacid monophyly. – Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.
61) SCHNEIDER, S., BERNING, B., BITNER, A., CARRIOL, R.-P., JÄGER, M., KRIWET, J., KROH, A. & WERNER, W. in press. A parautochthonous shallow marine fauna from the Late Burdigalian (early Ottnangian) of Gurlarn (Lower Bavaria, SE Germany): Macrofaunal inventory and paleoecology. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie.
62) SCHMITZ, L., THIES, D. & KRIWET, J. in press. Two new lamniform sharks (Leptostyrax stychi sp. nov. and Protolamna sarstedtensis sp. nov.) from the Early Cretaceous (Early Barremian) of NW Germany. – Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie.
63) STELBRINK, B., VON RINTELEN, T., CLIFF, G. & KRIWET, J. in press. Molecular systematics and global phylogeography of angel sharks (genus Squatina). – Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.
37730Kriwetfaculty, Department of Biology
University of Miami
Coral Gables, Fl 33124
AAAS, ICRS, Sigma Xi
http://www.bio.miami.edu/Fac/Sealey.html38707ksealeyEmeritus Fellow, Trinity College Dublin
Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64.
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Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. & Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow & Rob van Soest. PDf and website40160BernardPicton1110