289811Cynocephalus volansLeast Concern (LC)<i>Cynocephalus volans</i> (Linnaeus, 1758)colug or kago (local)colugo or kago (local)colug or kago (local)colugo or kago (local)Philippine Flying LemurbrKolougo FilipinezdePhilippinen-GleitfliegerenColugoenFlying lemurenPhilippine Flying LemuritCynocephalus volansltFilipininis kaguanasnlFilipijnse vliegende katplLotokot filipińskisuTandoCogger, H., J. Forshaw, E. Gould, G. McKay, R. Zweifel. 1993. Encyclopedia of Animals. 43 Victoria Street, McMahons Point, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia: The Reader's Digest Association Inc.489914899324867false1Macdonald, D., D. Bell, N. Bonner, T. Clutton, G. Corbert. 1984. The Encyclopedia of Mammals. 460 Park Ave South New York NY 10016: Facts on File Inc.490014900324867false1Vaughan, T., J. Ryan, N. Czaplewski. 2000. Mammalogy. Orlando, Florida: Emily Barrosse.490114901324867false1Wichusen, W., M. Richmond. November, 1998. Foraging Ecology of the Philippine Flying Lemur. Journal of Mammology, 79: 1288-1295.490214902324867false1Cogger, H., J. Forshaw, E. Gould, G. McKay, R. Zweifel. 1993. Encyclopedia of Animals. 43 Victoria Street, McMahons Point, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia: The Reader's Digest Association Inc.4899148991074582false1Macdonald, D., D. Bell, N. Bonner, T. Clutton, G. Corbert. 1984. The Encyclopedia of Mammals. 460 Park Ave South New York NY 10016: Facts on File Inc.4900149001074582false1Vaughan, T., J. Ryan, N. Czaplewski. 2000. Mammalogy. Orlando, Florida: Emily Barrosse.4901149011074582false1Wichusen, W., M. Richmond. November, 1998. Foraging Ecology of the Philippine Flying Lemur. Journal of Mammology, 79: 1288-1295.4902149021074582false1Cogger, H., J. Forshaw, E. Gould, G. McKay, R. Zweifel. 1993. Encyclopedia of Animals. 43 Victoria Street, McMahons Point, Sydney NSW 2060, Australia: The Reader's Digest Association Inc.4899148991138420false1Macdonald, D., D. Bell, N. Bonner, T. Clutton, G. Corbert. 1984. The Encyclopedia of Mammals. 460 Park Ave South New York NY 10016: Facts on File Inc.4900149001138420false1Vaughan, T., J. Ryan, N. Czaplewski. 2000. Mammalogy. Orlando, Florida: Emily Barrosse.4901149011138420false1Wichusen, W., M. Richmond. November, 1998. Foraging Ecology of the Philippine Flying Lemur. Journal of Mammology, 79: 1288-1295.4902149021138420false11. IUCN Red List (June, 2008) <a href="http://www.iucnredlist.org">http://www.iucnredlist.org</a>68617516861751420070false12. MacKinnon, K. (2006) Colugos. In: Macdonald, D.W. Ed. <i>The Encyclopedia of Mammals</i>. Oxford University Press, Oxford.69081116908111420070false13. Nowak, R.M. (1999) <i>Walker's Mammals of the World. Sixth edition</i>. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London.69081216908121420070false14. Wischusen, E.W. and Richmond, M.E. (1998) Foraging Ecology of the Philippine Flying Lemur (Cynocephalus volans). <i>Journal of Mammalogy</i>, <b>79</b> (4): 1288 - 1295.69081316908131420070false1Ronald Nowak (1999) Walker's Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore.73092617309262391548false1Secretive and nocturnal, the Phillipine flying lemur spends the day in tree holes, or gripping a tree trunk or branch with its patagium extended over its body like a cloak. It has also been seen curled up in a ball among the palm fronds of a coconut plantation (2). It ventures out of its shelter at dusk, climbs a short distance up a tree and then glides off in search of food (3). It is capable of executing controlled glides of over 100 metres, with little loss in height (2) (3). While gliding, the Philippine flying lemur is vulnerable to fast-flying birds of prey, such as the majestic Philippine eagle (<i>Pithecophaga jefferyi</i>). However, gliding is by far their most efficient method of locomotion; on the ground they cannot stand erect and are virtually helpless, and in the trees they are skilful, but very slow, climbers and move in a series of lingering hops (2) (3).</p><p>The Philippine flying lemur feeds on the young, nutritious leaves from a wide range of trees. With its front foot, it pulls a branch towards itself, moving a bunch of leaves within reach (4). Its stomach is specially adapted for ingesting large quantities of leafy vegetation (2) (4), but it also eats buds, flowers and perhaps soft fruits, and obtains sufficient water from its food and by licking wet leaves (2).</p><p>Gestation in the Philippine flying lemur lasts for around 60 days, after which the female gives birth to one, rarely two, young (2) (3). They are born in an undeveloped state and carried on the mother, even as she glides, until they are weaned at six months. The patagium can be folded near the tail into a soft, warm 'hammock' in which the young can be carried (2). The Philippine flying lemur reaches adult size at two to three years of age (2).60708b00ee7280f15a028428365ac9102606406WildscreenCopyright Wildscreen 2003-2008ARKiveCopyrightCopyright Wildscreen 2003-2008. Some rights reservedhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/SupplierARKivehttp://www.arkive.org/5978arkiveLocationSource URLView original data objecthttp://www.arkive.org/philippine-flying-lemur/cynocephalus-volans/CitationEnglishcc-by-nc-sa 3.0Texthttp://content10.eol.org/content_large.jpghttp://content1.eol.org/content_medium.jpghttp://content2.eol.org/content_small.jpg13290302267232704204129783328662512953009717226298227131AnimaliaNOT EVALUATEDAnimalia694ChordataNOT EVALUATEDChordata1642MammaliaNOT EVALUATEDMammalia7623DermopteraNOT EVALUATEDDermoptera7624CynocephalidaeNOT EVALUATEDCynocephalidae36146CynocephalusNOT EVALUATEDCynocephalus289811Cynocephalus volansLeast Concern (LC)<i>Cynocephalus volans</i> (Linnaeus, 1758)Portland State University, MA Education
7klansBA Physics - Johns Hopkins University
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ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia
10peterPh.D., University of Bristol (1976)
D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990)
11paddydeveloper13pleary11793wilsondAsst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution
Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006
Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35
PhD, Biological Oceanography, Massachussetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 200520470jhammockUniversity of Michigan, PhD 1997
Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos)
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Yahnke CJ, 2006. Habitat use and natural history of small mammals in the Paraguayan chaco. Mastozoologia Neotropical, 13(1);103-116.
Yahnke CJ, 2006. Testing optimal foraging theory using bird predation on goldenrod galls. American Biology Teacher, 68(8):471-475.
Yahnke CJ, PL Meserve, TG Ksiazek, and JN Mills. 2001. Patterns of infection with Laguna Negra virus in wild populations of Calomys laucha in the central Paraguayan chaco. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 65(6):768-776.
Yahnke CJ, I Gamarra de Fox, and F Colman. 1998. Mammalian species richness in Paraguay: the effectiveness of national parks in preserving biodiversity. Biological Conservation 84:263-268.
Yahnke CJ, J Unger, BA Lohr, DA Meritt, and W Heuschele. 1997. Age specific fecundity, litter size, and sex ratio in the chacoan peccary (Catagonus wagneri). Zoo Biology 16:301-307.
Yahnke, CJ, WE Johnson, E Geffen, D Smith, F Hertel, MS Roy, CF Bonacic, TK Fuller, B Van Valkenburgh, and RK Wayne. 1996. Darwin’s fox: a distinct endangered species in a vanishing habitat. Conservation Biology 10:366-375.
Yahnke CJ. 1995. Metachromism and the insight of Wilfred Osgood: evidence of common ancestry for Darwin’s fox and the Sechura fox. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 68:459-467
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Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64.
Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76.
Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366.
Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D. (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68.
Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63.39544jrynoldsAffiliated with EOL Species Pages Group39552lshapiroStaff in a natural history museum
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Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. & Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow & Rob van Soest. PDf and website40160BernardPicton070