311503

Ceratotherium simum

Near Threatened (NT)

Ceratotherium simum (Burchell, 1817)

White White Rhinoceros White Rhinoceros Square-lipped rhinoceros White af Witrenoster br Frikorneg gwenn ca Rinoceront blanc da Hvidt næsehorn en Square-lipped rhinoceros en White Rhinoceros es Ceratotherium simum he קרנף רחב שפה hu Szélesszájú orrszarvú id Badak Putih ja シロサイ ko 흰코뿔소 lv Baltais degunradzis ms Badak Sumbu Putih nl Witte neushoorn pl Nosorożec biały pt Rinoceronte-branco ru Белый носорог ru Носорог белый sr Бели носорог sv Trubbnoshörning th แรดขาว vi Tê giác trắng

Burton, John A. 1987. The Collins Guide to the Rare Mammals of the World. The Stephen Greene Press. Pg. 162.

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Nowak, Ronald M. 1991. Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Pgs. 1330-1333.

3403 1

3403

324576

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Parker, Sybil P. [Editor]. 1990. Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals, Vol. 4. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. Pgs. 614-620.

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Rhino Internet Solutions, 2004. "Follow the Rhinos" (On-line). Accessed August 18, 2004 at http://www.followtherhinos.com/rhinolinks/index.shtml .

3405 1

3405

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Burton, John A. 1987. The Collins Guide to the Rare Mammals of the World. The Stephen Greene Press. Pg. 162.

3402 1

3402

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Nowak, Ronald M. 1991. Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Pgs. 1330-1333.

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3403

1074237

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Parker, Sybil P. [Editor]. 1990. Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals, Vol. 4. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. Pgs. 614-620.

3404 1

3404

1074237

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Rhino Internet Solutions, 2004. "Follow the Rhinos" (On-line). Accessed August 18, 2004 at http://www.followtherhinos.com/rhinolinks/index.shtml .

3405 1

3405

1074237

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Burton, John A. 1987. The Collins Guide to the Rare Mammals of the World. The Stephen Greene Press. Pg. 162.

3402 1

3402

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Nowak, Ronald M. 1991. Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Pgs. 1330-1333.

3403 1

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Parker, Sybil P. [Editor]. 1990. Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals, Vol. 4. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. Pgs. 614-620.

3404 1

3404

1138075

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Rhino Internet Solutions, 2004. "Follow the Rhinos" (On-line). Accessed August 18, 2004 at http://www.followtherhinos.com/rhinolinks/index.shtml .

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The white rhino is considered the most sociable of rhino species (11). Females can usually be seen with their most recent offspring, which they stay with until the next calf is born (12). Larger, temporary associations of 14 or more individuals can also occasionally be observed (5), with immature individuals typically grouping together, as do mothers without calves (12). Dominant males, however, are usually solitary and occupy smaller home ranges than females (5), marking their boundary by spreading dung, defecating on well-used dung-piles known as 'middens', spraying urine, dragging their feet and damaging plants with their horns (4). While the dominant male will tolerate females and sub-adult males within their territory, and will attempt to keep receptive females from leaving, any invading bull will quickly be confronted (5). However, fights are rare and confrontations usually consist only of slight horn butting, false charges, and other displays (4).Breeding occurs throughout the year. After the courtship and mating period, which lasts from one to three weeks, the female may leave the bull's territory. Gestation lasts around 16 months and the single calf is very active soon after birth (4). If threatened, the mother will stand guard over her young, but otherwise the infant usually runs ahead of its mother (12). Calves are weaned anywhere from one to two years after birth. The normal interval between calves is two to three years (13). Sexual maturity is reached around six years in females and 10 to 12 years in males (4).White rhinos are grazers, feeding on large quantities of grasses that they crop with their wide, square front lip (4) (5). Individuals also drink water from watering holes almost daily; although they can survive for four or five days without water when conditions are dry (12). All rhinoceroses have poor eyesight, but good hearing and a very good sense of smell, on which they depend (5) (12). 3603b7ac6eb6c98b24ef4dbf4978e977 2606105

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http://www.arkive.org/white-rhinoceros/ceratotherium-simum/ Citation

English cc-by-nc-sa 3.0 Text http://content6.eol.org/content_large.jpg http://content7.eol.org/content_medium.jpg http://content8.eol.org/content_small.jpg

1 Overview 3 Description 290 General Description 301 Barcode 302 Nucleotide Sequences 267 Morphology 232 Reproduction and Life History 70 Behavior 4 Ecology and Distribution 20 Distribution 41 Habitat 297 Trophic Strategy 8 Conservation 33 Trends and Threats 286 Conservation Status 6 Relevance 251 Uses 295 Procedures 300 Wikipedia 9 Biodiversity Heritage Library 7 References and More Information 17 Literature References 226 Specialist Projects 298 Biomedical Terms 227 Search the Web 13 Common Names

Animalia

NOT EVALUATED

Animalia

694

Chordata

NOT EVALUATED

Chordata

1642

Mammalia

NOT EVALUATED

Mammalia

1667

Perissodactyla

NOT EVALUATED

Perissodactyla

1669

Rhinocerotidae

NOT EVALUATED

Rhinocerotidae

39386

Ceratotherium

NOT EVALUATED

Ceratotherium

311503

Ceratotherium simum

Near Threatened (NT)

Ceratotherium simum (Burchell, 1817)

Portland State University, MA Education 7 klans BA Physics - Johns Hopkins University MS Education - Johns Hopkins University ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia 10 peter Ph.D., University of Bristol (1976) D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990) 11 paddy developer 13 pleary 11793 wilsond Asst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006 Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35 PhD, Biological Oceanography, Massachussetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 2005 20470 jhammock University of Michigan, PhD 1997 Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) Member of Ecological Society of America, Entomological Society of America. 25567 csparr 33422 mstuder Curator of Zoology (Fishes), Field Museum of Natural History 34360 mwestneat EOL Species Pages Coordinator, Ph. D. in Entomology, University of Arizona 1999, Diploma in Biology, Freie Universität Berlin 1989 35200 Katja William Miller, PhD Assistant Professor Baker University Dept. of Biology PO Box 65 Baldwin city, Kansas 66006-0065 35243 WMiller University of California Berkeley 35508 tuco 36197 MarthaTestuser B.A. Zoology, M.S. Embryology/physiology college faculty for 44 years member HAPS (Human Anatomy and Physiology Society) 36558 judyjunkyard Active Member of Wildlife society of Africa, herpetological society of southern Africa and general manager and curator of reptile research and information center (Zebra Country lodge, Cullinan district Pretoria) 37046 Vaughan Scientist National Institutes of Health 38259 saimiri faculty, Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables, Fl 33124 AAAS, ICRS, Sigma Xi http://www.bio.miami.edu/Fac/Sealey.html 38707 ksealey Associate Professor of Biology, Curator of Mammals and Birds, University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point Yahnke CJ, 2006. Habitat use and natural history of small mammals in the Paraguayan chaco. Mastozoologia Neotropical, 13(1);103-116. Yahnke CJ, 2006. Testing optimal foraging theory using bird predation on goldenrod galls. American Biology Teacher, 68(8):471-475. Yahnke CJ, PL Meserve, TG Ksiazek, and JN Mills. 2001. Patterns of infection with Laguna Negra virus in wild populations of Calomys laucha in the central Paraguayan chaco. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 65(6):768-776. Yahnke CJ, I Gamarra de Fox, and F Colman. 1998. Mammalian species richness in Paraguay: the effectiveness of national parks in preserving biodiversity. Biological Conservation 84:263-268. Yahnke CJ, J Unger, BA Lohr, DA Meritt, and W Heuschele. 1997. Age specific fecundity, litter size, and sex ratio in the chacoan peccary (Catagonus wagneri). Zoo Biology 16:301-307. Yahnke, CJ, WE Johnson, E Geffen, D Smith, F Hertel, MS Roy, CF Bonacic, TK Fuller, B Van Valkenburgh, and RK Wayne. 1996. Darwin’s fox: a distinct endangered species in a vanishing habitat. Conservation Biology 10:366-375. Yahnke CJ. 1995. Metachromism and the insight of Wilfred Osgood: evidence of common ancestry for Darwin’s fox and the Sechura fox. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 68:459-467 American Society of Mammalogists National Association of Biology Teachers Sigma XI 39446 cyahnke Emeritus Fellow, Trinity College Dublin Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64. Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76. Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366. Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D. (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68. Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63. 39544 jrynolds Affiliated with EOL Species Pages Group 39552 lshapiro Staff in a natural history museum Member of a professional society (SECEM) 39803 eliadelom Curator of marine invertebrates, National Museums Northern Ireland (Ulster Museum) Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. & Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow & Rob van Soest. PDf and website 40160 BernardPicton 0 97 0