311519Mustela lutreolaEndangered (EN)<i>Mustela lutreola</i> (Linnaeus, 1761)minkanNuriabgЕвропейска норкаcvЕвропа шашкиdaFlodilderenEuropean MinkesMustela lutreolaetNaaritsfiVesikkofrVison d'EuropehuEurópai nyércjaヨーロッパミンクlvEiropas ūdelenlEuropese nertsptDoninha-europeiaruЕвропейская норкаruНорка европейскаяsvFlodillerKruska, D. 1990. Grzimek's Encyclopedia Mammals. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.11091111091326002false1Nowak, R. 1999. Walker's Mammals of the World. New York: The Johns Hopkins University Press.11092111092326002false1Wozencraft, C. 1993. Mammal Species of the World. Washington: Smithsonian Institutional Press.11093111093326002false1Youngman, P. 1990. Mustela lutreola. Mammalian Species, 362: 1-3.11094111094326002false1Zane, 1998. "European mink (Mustela lutreola)" (On-line). Accessed November 21, 1999 at www.ecolin.netcomcenter .11095111095326002false1Kruska, D. 1990. Grzimek's Encyclopedia Mammals. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.110911110911075898false1Nowak, R. 1999. Walker's Mammals of the World. New York: The Johns Hopkins University Press.110921110921075898false1Wozencraft, C. 1993. Mammal Species of the World. Washington: Smithsonian Institutional Press.110931110931075898false1Youngman, P. 1990. Mustela lutreola. Mammalian Species, 362: 1-3.110941110941075898false1Zane, 1998. "European mink (Mustela lutreola)" (On-line). Accessed November 21, 1999 at www.ecolin.netcomcenter .110951110951075898false1Kruska, D. 1990. Grzimek's Encyclopedia Mammals. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.110911110911139736false1Nowak, R. 1999. Walker's Mammals of the World. New York: The Johns Hopkins University Press.110921110921139736false1Wozencraft, C. 1993. Mammal Species of the World. Washington: Smithsonian Institutional Press.110931110931139736false1Youngman, P. 1990. Mustela lutreola. Mammalian Species, 362: 1-3.110941110941139736false1Zane, 1998. "European mink (Mustela lutreola)" (On-line). Accessed November 21, 1999 at www.ecolin.netcomcenter .110951110951139736false11. IUCN Red List (February, 2005) <a href="http://www.redlist.org">http://www.redlist.org</a>68641116864111420291false16. Macdonald, D. (2001) <i>The New Encyclopedia of Mammals</i>. Oxford University Press, Oxford.69025816902581420291false12. Burton, J. (2002) <i>Mammals of Britain and Europe</i>. Kingfisher Publications, London.69193416919341420291false13. UNEP-WCMC Species Database Online (October, 2003) <a href="http://www.unep-wcmc.org/index.html?http://quin.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/taxonomy/tax-gs-search2.cfm?GenName=Mustela&SpcName=lutreola~main">http://www.unep-wcmc.org/index.html?http://quin.unep-wcmc.org/isdb/taxonomy/tax-gs-search2.cfm?GenName=Mustela&SpcName=lutreola~main</a>69193516919351420291false14. Animal Diversity (October, 2003) <a href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/mustela/m._lutreola$narrative.html">http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/mustela/m._lutreola$narrative.html</a>69193616919361420291false15. Animal Info (October, 2003) <a href="http://www.animalinfo.org/species/carnivor/mustlutr.htm">http://www.animalinfo.org/species/carnivor/mustlutr.htm</a>69193716919371420291false17. Nowak, R.M. (1997) <i>Walker's Mammals of the World</i>. The Johns Hopkins University Press, New York.69193816919381420291false18. Lode, T. (2003) <i>Conservation Plan for the European Mink</i>. Laboratory of Animal Ecology, University of Angers.69193916919391420291false19. Fournier, C. (2005) <i>Pers. Comm.</i>69194016919401420291false1Richard Weigl (2005) Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 48: Stuttgart.73092417309242391283false1Bernhard Grzimek (1990) Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals. McGraw-Hill: New York.73092717309272391283false1Mink are mainly nocturnal, emerging from their dens to feed at night on a diet of small animals including water vole, birds, frogs, molluscs, crabs, fish and insects (5). This range of prey, hunted in water, on land, in swamps and burrows is considerably greater than the range of more specialised mustelids like otters and weasels. This carries both costs and benefits, as a specialised hunter will be better adapted than a generalist at exploiting a certain prey, but a generalist, like the mink, has the advantage of being able to hunt different prey should one type become scarce (6).</p><p>This mammal is a wanderer, occupying large home ranges (up to 15 km of river) and using rarely the same den. The female usually stays close to the den, unless a shortage of food drives it to find another location (2). They lead solitary lifestyles, except during the breeding season, from February to March (7), when they seek out mates using a repertoire of sounds from hisses and screams to chuckling calls. Males first seek out the females whose territories overlap their own, before searching further afield (6). Mating is often preceded by very aggressive encounters between the two sexes. The females' gestation period is between 5 – 10 weeks, the birth being in the spring when there is an abundance of food and shelter (2). The female will give birth to 2 – 7 young per litter and raises them alone in a den, suckling them for 5 – 6 weeks (4). Minks are born blind and helpless, and so depend on parental care until they are weaned at about 10 weeks, leaving the den after 12 – 18 weeks. They reach maturity after one year, and live for about 6 years in the wild and up to 12 years in captivity (2).46dae2fd402304b4b0f9018e8c0a43002607953WildscreenCopyright Wildscreen 2003-2008ARKiveCopyrightCopyright Wildscreen 2003-2008. Some rights reservedhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/SupplierARKivehttp://www.arkive.org/5978arkiveLocationSource URLView original data objecthttp://www.arkive.org/european-mink/mustela-lutreola/CitationEnglishcc-by-nc-sa 3.0Texthttp://content1.eol.org/content_large.jpghttp://content2.eol.org/content_medium.jpghttp://content3.eol.org/content_small.jpg13290302267232704204129783328662512953009717226298227131AnimaliaNOT EVALUATEDAnimalia694ChordataNOT EVALUATEDChordata1642MammaliaNOT EVALUATEDMammalia7662CarnivoraNOT EVALUATEDCarnivora7670MustelidaeNOT EVALUATEDMustelidae14116MustelaNOT EVALUATEDMustela311519Mustela lutreolaEndangered (EN)<i>Mustela lutreola</i> (Linnaeus, 1761)1242939Mustela lutreola transsylvanica hikNOT EVALUATED<i>Mustela lutreola transsylvanica</i> +<i>hik</i>, 19321242940Mustela lutreola turoviNOT EVALUATED<i>Mustela lutreola turovi</i> Kuznetsov in Novikov, 19391242943Mustela lutreola lutreolaNOT EVALUATED<i>Mustela <i>lutreola</i> lutreola</i> (Linnaeus, 1761)1242944Mustela lutreola biedermanniNOT EVALUATED<i>Mustela lutreola biedermanni</i> Matschie, 19121242945Mustela lutreola novikoviNOT EVALUATED<i>Mustela lutreola novikovi</i> Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 19511242946Mustela lutreola cylipenaNOT EVALUATED<i>Mustela lutreola cylipena</i> Matschie, 19121242947Mustela lutreola binominataNOT EVALUATED<i>Mustela lutreola binominata</i> Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951Portland State University, MA Education
7klansBA Physics - Johns Hopkins University
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ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia
10peterPh.D., University of Bristol (1976)
D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990)
11paddydeveloper13pleary11793wilsondAsst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution
Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006
Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35
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Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos)
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Yahnke CJ, 2006. Habitat use and natural history of small mammals in the Paraguayan chaco. Mastozoologia Neotropical, 13(1);103-116.
Yahnke CJ, 2006. Testing optimal foraging theory using bird predation on goldenrod galls. American Biology Teacher, 68(8):471-475.
Yahnke CJ, PL Meserve, TG Ksiazek, and JN Mills. 2001. Patterns of infection with Laguna Negra virus in wild populations of Calomys laucha in the central Paraguayan chaco. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 65(6):768-776.
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Yahnke CJ, J Unger, BA Lohr, DA Meritt, and W Heuschele. 1997. Age specific fecundity, litter size, and sex ratio in the chacoan peccary (Catagonus wagneri). Zoo Biology 16:301-307.
Yahnke, CJ, WE Johnson, E Geffen, D Smith, F Hertel, MS Roy, CF Bonacic, TK Fuller, B Van Valkenburgh, and RK Wayne. 1996. Darwin’s fox: a distinct endangered species in a vanishing habitat. Conservation Biology 10:366-375.
Yahnke CJ. 1995. Metachromism and the insight of Wilfred Osgood: evidence of common ancestry for Darwin’s fox and the Sechura fox. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 68:459-467
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Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64.
Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76.
Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366.
Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D. (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68.
Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63.39544jrynoldsAffiliated with EOL Species Pages Group39552lshapiroStaff in a natural history museum
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Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. & Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow & Rob van Soest. PDf and website40160BernardPicton0100