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<taxon-page>
  <id type="integer">455238</id>
  <canonical-form>Strombus gigas</canonical-form>
  <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
  <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Strombus gigas&lt;/i&gt; Linnaeus, 1758</scientific-name>
  <common-names>
    <item>
      <language_label></language_label>
      <string>pink or queen conch</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label></language_label>
      <string>pink or queen conch</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label></language_label>
      <string>queen conch</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Pink Conch</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>pink or queen conch</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>queen conch</string>
    </item>
  </common-names>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Bulletin of Marine Science 51(3), November 1992: p.287-300.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16808</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16808</ref-id>
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        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Bulletin of Marine Science 29(3), 1979: p.303-311.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16809</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16809</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">327030</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Caribbean Journal of Science 16(1-4), 1980: p.105-107.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16810</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16810</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">327030</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Journal of Shellfish Research 4(1) 1984: p.45-62.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16811</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16811</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">327030</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Journal of Shellfish Research 9(1) 1990: p.59-62.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16812</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16812</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">327030</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Oceans 17(1) 1984: p.30-33.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16813</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16813</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">327030</taxon-id>
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    <refs type="array">
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        <full-reference>Bulletin of Marine Science 51(3), November 1992: p.287-300.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16808</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16808</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1077098</taxon-id>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Bulletin of Marine Science 29(3), 1979: p.303-311.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16809</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16809</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1077098</taxon-id>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Caribbean Journal of Science 16(1-4), 1980: p.105-107.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16810</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16810</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1077098</taxon-id>
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        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Journal of Shellfish Research 4(1) 1984: p.45-62.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16811</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16811</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1077098</taxon-id>
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        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Journal of Shellfish Research 9(1) 1990: p.59-62.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16812</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16812</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1077098</taxon-id>
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        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Oceans 17(1) 1984: p.30-33.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16813</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16813</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1077098</taxon-id>
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    <refs type="array">
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Bulletin of Marine Science 51(3), November 1992: p.287-300.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16808</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16808</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1140936</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Bulletin of Marine Science 29(3), 1979: p.303-311.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16809</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16809</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1140936</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>Caribbean Journal of Science 16(1-4), 1980: p.105-107.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16810</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16810</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1140936</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Journal of Shellfish Research 4(1) 1984: p.45-62.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16811</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16811</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1140936</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Journal of Shellfish Research 9(1) 1990: p.59-62.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16812</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16812</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1140936</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Oceans 17(1) 1984: p.30-33.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">16813</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">16813</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1140936</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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    </refs>
    <refs type="array">
      <ref>
        <full-reference>1. UNEP-WCMC database  (August, 2002) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.unep-wcmc.org&quot;&gt;http://www.unep-wcmc.org&lt;/a&gt;</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">693383</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693383</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1420602</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>2. Wye, K. (1991) &lt;i&gt;The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Shells&lt;/i&gt;. Quintet Publishing Limited, London.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">693384</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693384</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1420602</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>3. Enchanted Learning  (August, 2002) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/invertebrates/mollusk/gastropod/Conchprintout.shtml&quot;&gt;http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/invertebrates/mollusk/gastropod/Conchprintout.shtml&lt;/a&gt;</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">693385</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693385</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1420602</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>4. Animal Diversity Web  (August, 2002) &lt;a href=&quot;http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/strombus/s._gigas$narrative.html&quot;&gt;http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/strombus/s._gigas$narrative.html&lt;/a&gt;</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">693386</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693386</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1420602</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>5. Caribbean Fisheries Management Council  (August, 2002) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.caribbeanfmc.com/qcpdfs/QCfmpj96.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.caribbeanfmc.com/qcpdfs/QCfmpj96.pdf&lt;/a&gt;</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">693387</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693387</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1420602</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>6. American Museum of Natural History  (August, 2002) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.amnh.org/nationalcenter/Endangered/conch/conch.html&quot;&gt;http://www.amnh.org/nationalcenter/Endangered/conch/conch.html&lt;/a&gt;</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">693388</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693388</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1420602</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>7. CITES  (August, 2002) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cites.org/&quot;&gt;http://www.cites.org/&lt;/a&gt;</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">693389</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693389</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1420602</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>8. International Queen Conch Initiative  (August, 2002) &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.strombusgigas.com/index.html&quot;&gt;http://www.strombusgigas.com/index.html&lt;/a&gt;</full-reference>
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        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693390</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1420602</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
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      <ref>
        <full-reference>9. Gascoigne, J. (2005) &lt;i&gt;Pers. Comm.&lt;/i&gt;</full-reference>
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        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">693391</ref-id>
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        <description>Queen conch have internal fertilization, after which the female spawns thousands of eggs in a long tubular egg mass. Spawning tends to occur during the summer; the large egg masses may take up to 36 hours to produce and can hold between 310,000 and 750,000 eggs. These egg masses are covered with sand to provide camouflage and the larvae emerge after around 5 days. A single female will spawn between 6 and 8 times during one season. Larvae, known as veligers, float in the open ocean, feeding on phytoplankton and may drift a considerable distance from the site where they emerged, although evidence for this is limited. Between 18 and 40 days later (depending on conditions) the larvae settle into the sand and metamorphose into the adult form. Adult queen conch have been observed to migrate to deeper waters as they increase in size, and seasonal migrations during the summer months, in order to group together and spawn, have also been recorded (5).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conch move by an unusual 'hopping' motion whereby the foot is thrust against the bottom, causing the shell to rise and then be thrown forward. Queen conch are most active during the night and graze on algae and detritus using their extendable proboscis (5).</description>
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      <label>Description</label>
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      <id>290</id>
      <label>General Description</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>302</id>
      <label>Nucleotide Sequences</label>
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    <item>
      <id>267</id>
      <label>Morphology</label>
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    <item>
      <id>232</id>
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    <item>
      <id>70</id>
      <label>Behavior</label>
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      <id>4</id>
      <label>Ecology and Distribution</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>20</id>
      <label>Distribution</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>41</id>
      <label>Habitat</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>297</id>
      <label>Trophic Strategy</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>8</id>
      <label>Conservation</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>33</id>
      <label>Trends and Threats</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>286</id>
      <label>Conservation Status</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>6</id>
      <label>Relevance</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>251</id>
      <label>Uses</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>295</id>
      <label>Procedures</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>9</id>
      <label>Biodiversity Heritage Library</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>7</id>
      <label>References and More Information</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>17</id>
      <label>Literature References</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>226</id>
      <label>Specialist Projects</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>298</id>
      <label>Biomedical Terms</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>227</id>
      <label>Search the Web</label>
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    <item>
      <id>13</id>
      <label>Common Names</label>
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  <ancestors>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1</id>
      <canonical-form>Animalia</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Animalia</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">2195</id>
      <canonical-form>Mollusca</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Mollusca</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">2366</id>
      <canonical-form>Gastropoda</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Gastropoda</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">2472</id>
      <canonical-form>Neotaenioglossa</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Neotaenioglossa</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">2517</id>
      <canonical-form>Strombidae</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Strombidae</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">58242</id>
      <canonical-form>Strombus</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Strombus</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">455238</id>
      <canonical-form>Strombus gigas</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Strombus gigas&lt;/i&gt; Linnaeus, 1758</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
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  <curators>
    <user>
      <credentials>Portland State University, MA Education

</credentials>
      <id type="integer">7</id>
      <username>klans</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>BA Physics - Johns Hopkins University
MS Education - Johns Hopkins University
ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia


</credentials>
      <id type="integer">10</id>
      <username>peter</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Ph.D., University of Bristol (1976)
D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990)
</credentials>
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      <username>paddy</username>
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    <user>
      <credentials>The Field Museum of Natural History (EOL Program Manager)

Member of Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology, American Malacological Society, Paleontological Society</credentials>
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      <username>AudreyA</username>
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    <user>
      <credentials>Asst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution
Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006
Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere.  Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35
PhD, Biological Oceanography, Massachussetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 2005</credentials>
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      <username>jhammock</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>University of Michigan, PhD 1997
Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos)

Member of Ecological Society of America, Entomological Society of America.</credentials>
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      <username>csparr</username>
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    <user>
      <credentials></credentials>
      <id type="integer">33422</id>
      <username>mstuder</username>
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    <user>
      <credentials>EOL Species Pages Coordinator, Ph. D. in Entomology, University of Arizona 1999, Diploma in Biology, Freie Universit&#228;t Berlin 1989</credentials>
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      <username>Katja</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>William Miller, PhD
Assistant Professor
Baker University
Dept. of Biology
PO Box 65
Baldwin city, Kansas 
66006-0065



</credentials>
      <id type="integer">35243</id>
      <username>WMiller</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>I am a biologist student in the University of Pecs (Hungary). I am working on the taxonomy and ecology of land snails, (especially family Clausiliidae).

Most important publications:

P&#225;ll-Gergely, B. &amp; N&#233;meth L. (2008): Observations on the breeding habits, shell development, decollation, and reproductive anatomy of Pontophaedusa funiculum (MOUSSON 1856) (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Clausiliidae, Phaedusinae) &#8212; Malacologia Bohemoslovaca 7: 11-14.

P&#225;ll-Gergely, B. &amp; Csabai, Z. (2008): Notes on the continental malacofauna of Rhodes, with two new species to the fauna of the island &#8212; Malacologia Bohemoslovaca 7: 76-78.

Hausdorf, B. &amp; P&#225;ll-Gergely, B.: Monacha oecali new species from southern Turkey (Gastropoda: Hygromiidae) (2009) &#8212; Journal of Conchology 40(1): 15-17.

P&#225;ll-Gergely, B. (2009): Revision of the Turkish Ramusculus taxa with description of Ayna gen. nov. (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Enidae) &#8212; Journal of Conchology 40(1): 73-77.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">35779</id>
      <username>Alopia</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials></credentials>
      <id type="integer">36197</id>
      <username>MarthaTestuser</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>faculty, Department of Biology
University of Miami
Coral Gables, Fl 33124

AAAS, ICRS, Sigma Xi

http://www.bio.miami.edu/Fac/Sealey.html</credentials>
      <id type="integer">38707</id>
      <username>ksealey</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Emeritus Fellow, Trinity College Dublin

Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64.

Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76.

Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366.

Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D.  (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway.  Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68.

Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse  Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles.  Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39544</id>
      <username>jrynolds</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Affiliated with EOL Species Pages Group</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39552</id>
      <username>lshapiro</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Curator of marine invertebrates, National Museums Northern Ireland (Ulster Museum)
Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. &amp; Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow &amp; Rob van Soest. PDf and website</credentials>
      <id type="integer">40160</id>
      <username>BernardPicton</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>permanent research scientist, Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity &quot;Naturalis&quot;</credentials>
      <id type="integer">40457</id>
      <username>schilthuizen</username>
    </user>
  </curators>
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