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  <canonical-form>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</canonical-form>
  <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
  <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Strongylocentrotus purpuratus&lt;/i&gt; (Stimpson, 1857)</scientific-name>
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    <item>
      <language_label></language_label>
      <string>purple urchin</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>California purple urchin</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Purple sea urchin</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>purple urchin, purple sea urchin (German: Langstacheliger Purpurseeigel)</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fr</language_label>
      <string>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</string>
    </item>
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        <full-reference>Abbott, D., E. Haderline, R. Morris. 1980. Intertidal Invertebrates of California. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Calvin, J., J. Hedgepeth, E. Ricketts. 1985. Between Pacific Tides: Fifth edition. Stanford University: Stanford University Press.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Ebert, T., M. Russell. March 1988. Latitudinal variation in size structure of the west coast purple sea urchin: a correlation with headlands. Limnology and Oceanography, 33: 286-294.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Olhausen, P., R. Russo. 1981. Pacific Intertidal Life. Rochester, NY: Nature Study Guild.</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Readdie, M. 1998. &quot;UCSC Marine Botany, University California Santa Cruz&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 30, 2000 at http://www.biology.ucsc.edu/people/raimondi/readdie .</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>Sea Urchin Harvesters Association -California, April 29, 2000. &quot;SUHAC Homepage&quot; (On-line). Accessed November 26, 2000 at http://www.seaurchin.org/ .</full-reference>
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        <full-reference>WoRMS (2009). &lt;i&gt;Strongylocentrotus purpuratus&lt;/i&gt; (Stimpson, 1857). Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=240747 on 2010-01-08</full-reference>
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  <table-of-contents>
    <item>
      <id>3</id>
      <label>Description</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>301</id>
      <label>Barcode</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>302</id>
      <label>Nucleotide Sequences</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>267</id>
      <label>Morphology</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>232</id>
      <label>Reproduction and Life History</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>70</id>
      <label>Behavior</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>4</id>
      <label>Ecology and Distribution</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>20</id>
      <label>Distribution</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>41</id>
      <label>Habitat</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>297</id>
      <label>Trophic Strategy</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>8</id>
      <label>Conservation</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>286</id>
      <label>Conservation Status</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>6</id>
      <label>Relevance</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>251</id>
      <label>Uses</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>300</id>
      <label>Wikipedia</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>9</id>
      <label>Biodiversity Heritage Library</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>7</id>
      <label>References and More Information</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>17</id>
      <label>Literature References</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>226</id>
      <label>Specialist Projects</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>298</id>
      <label>Biomedical Terms</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>227</id>
      <label>Search the Web</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>13</id>
      <label>Common Names</label>
    </item>
  </table-of-contents>
  <ancestors>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1</id>
      <canonical-form>Animalia</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Animalia</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1926</id>
      <canonical-form>Echinodermata</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Echinodermata</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1971</id>
      <canonical-form>Echinoidea</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Echinoidea</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1988</id>
      <canonical-form>Echinoida</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Echinoida</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1991</id>
      <canonical-form>Strongylocentrotidae</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Strongylocentrotidae</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">73065</id>
      <canonical-form>Strongylocentrotus</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Strongylocentrotus</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">598175</id>
      <canonical-form>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Strongylocentrotus purpuratus&lt;/i&gt; (Stimpson, 1857)</scientific-name>
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      <credentials>Ph.D., University of Bristol (1976)
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      <credentials>Asst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution
Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006
Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere.  Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35
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      <credentials>University of Michigan, PhD 1997
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      <credentials>William Miller, PhD
Assistant Professor
Baker University
Dept. of Biology
PO Box 65
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      <credentials>Post doctoral research fellow, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama.

COPPARD, S.E. (UK) &amp; SCHULTZ, H.A.G. (Germany)
A new species of Coelopleurus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Arbaciidae) from New Caledonia
Zootaxa 1281: 1-19 (7 Aug. 2006) 

COPPARD, S.E. (UK) &amp; NOORDENBURG, H.V. (The Netherlands) 
A new species of Lissocidaris (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Cidaridae) from the Philippines: convergent evolution among smooth-spined cidaroids
Zootaxa 1493: 53-65 (31 May 2007)

COPPARD, SIMON E.  (UK)
A comparative analysis of the spatangoid echinoid genera Brissopsis and Metalia: a new genus and species of spatangoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Brissopsidae) from the Philippines and the reassignment of Brissopsis persica to Metalia
Zootaxa 1760: 1-23 (30 Apr. 2008) 


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      <credentials>Emeritus Fellow, Trinity College Dublin

Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64.

Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76.

Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366.

Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D.  (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway.  Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68.

Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse  Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles.  Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63.</credentials>
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      <credentials>Curator of marine invertebrates, National Museums Northern Ireland (Ulster Museum)
Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. &amp; Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow &amp; Rob van Soest. PDf and website</credentials>
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