Orchidaceae
Orchids
Family recognized by
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Animalia +
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Archaea +
-
Bacteria +
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Chromista +
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Fungi +
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Plantae +-
Magnoliophyta +
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Liliopsida +
-
Asparagales +
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Orchidaceae
- Aa +
- Abdominea +
- Acampe +
- Acanthephippium +
- Aceratorchis +
- Acianthera +
- Acianthus +
- Acineta +
- Acostaea +
- Acriopsis +
- Acrochaene +
- Acrolophia +
- Acrorchis +
- Ada +
- Adamantinia +
- Adenochilus +
- Adenoncos +
- Adrorhizon +
- Aenhenrya +
- Aerangis +
- Aeranthes +
- Aerides +
- Aganisia +
- Aglossorrhyncha +
- Agrostophyllum +
- Alamania +
- Alatiliparis +
- Altensteinia +
- Ambrella +
- Amesiella +
- Amitostigma +
- Amparoa +
- Anacamptiplatanthera +
- Anacamptis +
- Anathallis +
- Ancistrochilus +
- Ancistrorhynchus +
- Andinia +
- Androcorys +
- Angraecopsis +
- Angraecum +
- Anguloa +
- Anoectochilus +
- Ansellia +
- Anthogonium +
- Anthosiphon +
- Antillanorchis +
- Aorchis +
- Aphyllorchis +
- Aplectrum +
- Aporostylis +
- Apostasia +
- Appendicula +
- Aracamunia +
- Arachnis +
- Archivea +
- Arethusa +
- Armodorum +
- Arnottia +
- Arpophyllum +
- Arthrochilus +
- Artorima +
- Arundina +
- Ascocentropsis +
- Ascocentrum +
- Ascochilopsis +
- Ascochilus +
- Ascoglossum +
- Aspasia +
- Aspidogyne +
- Aulosepalum +
- Auxopus +
- Barbosella +
- Barkeria +
- Barlia +
- Barlorchis +
- Bartholina +
- Basiphyllaea +
- Baskervilla +
- Batemannia +
- Bathiorchis +
- Beclardia +
- Beloglottis +
- Bensteinia +
- Benthamia +
- Benzingia +
- Bhutanthera +
- Biermannia +
- Bifrenaria +
- Binotia +
- Bipinnula +
- Bletia +
- Bletilla +
- Bogoria +
- Bolusiella +
- Bonatea +
- Bonniera +
- Brachionidium +
- Brachtia +
- Brachycorythis +
- Brachypeza +
- Brachystele +
- Bracisepalum +
- Braemia +
- Brassavola +
- Brassia +
- Brassocattleya +
- Bromheadia +
- Broughtonia +
- Brownleea +
- Bryobium +
- Buchtienia +
- Bulbophyllum +
- Bulleyia +
- Burnettia +
- Cadetia +
- Caladenia +
- Calanthe +
- Calassodia +
- Caleana +
- Calochilus +
- Calopogon +
- Caluera +
- Calymmanthera +
- Calypso +
- Calyptrochilum +
- Campylocentrum +
- Capanemia +
- Cardiochilos +
- Castroa +
- Catasetum +
- Cattleya +
- Cattleyella +
- Caucaea +
- Caularthron +
- Centroglossa +
- Centrostigma +
- Cephalanthera +
- Cephalantheropsis +
- Cephalopactis +
- Ceratandra +
- Ceratocentron +
- Ceratochilus +
- Ceratostylis +
- Chamaeangis +
- Chamaeanthus +
- Chamaegastrodia +
- Chamelophyton +
- Chamorchis +
- Changnienia +
- Chaseella +
- Chaubardia +
- Chaubardiella +
- Chauliodon +
- Cheiradenia +
- Cheirostylis +
- Chelonistele +
- Chelyorchis +
- Chiloglottis +
- Chilopogon +
- Chiloschista +
- Chloraea +
- Chondrorhyncha +
- Chondroscaphe +
- Christensonia +
- Chroniochilus +
- Chrysocycnis +
- Chrysoglossum +
- Chysis +
- Chytroglossa +
- Cirrhaea +
- Cischweinfia +
- Claderia +
- Cleisocentron +
- Cleisomeria +
- Cleisostoma +
- Cleisostomopsis +
- Cleistes +
- Clematepistephium +
- Clowesia +
- Coccineorchis +
- Cochleanthes +
- Cochlioda +
- Codonorchis +
- Coelia +
- Coeliopsis +
- Coeloglossgymnadenia +
- Coeloglossum +
- Coelogyne +
- Cohniella +
- Coilochilus +
- Collabium +
- Comparettia +
- Comperia +
- Comptoglossum +
- Conchidium +
- Constantia +
- Cooktownia +
- Corallorhiza +
- Cordiglottis +
- Coryanthes +
- Corybas +
- Corycium +
- Corymborkis +
- Cottonia +
- Cotylolabium +
- Cranichis +
- Cremastra +
- Cribbia +
- Crossoglossa +
- Cryptarrhena +
- Cryptocentrum +
- Cryptochilus +
- Cryptopus +
- Cryptopylos +
- Cryptostylis +
- Cuitlauzina +
- Cyanaeorchis +
- Cyanicula +
- Cyanthera +
- Cybebus +
- Cyclopogon +
- Cycnoches +
- Cymbidiella +
- Cymbidium +
- Cynorkis +
- Cyphochilus +
- Cypholoron +
- Cypripedium +
- Cyrtidiorchis +
- Cyrtochiloides +
- Cyrtochilum +
- Cyrtopodium +
- Cyrtorchis +
- Cyrtosia +
- Cyrtostylis +
- Cystorchis +
- Dactylanthera +
- Dactylocamptis +
- Dactylodenia +
- Dactyloglossum +
- Dactylorhiza +
- Dactylostalix +
- Danhatchia +
- Deceptor +
- Degranvillea +
- Deiregyne +
- Dendrobium +
- Dendrochilum +
- Dendrophylax +
- Devogelia +
- Diadenium +
- Diaphananthe +
- Diceratostele +
- Dichaea +
- Dichromanthus +
- Dickasonia +
- Dictyophyllaria +
- Didymoplexiella +
- Didymoplexiopsis +
- Didymoplexis +
- Dienia +
- Diglyphosa +
- Dignathe +
- Dilochia +
- Dilochiopsis +
- Dilomilis +
- Dimerandra +
- Dimorphorchis +
- Dinema +
- Dinklageella +
- Diodonopsis +
- Diphylax +
- Diplocaulobium +
- Diplocentrum +
- Diplomeris +
- Diploprora +
- Dipodium +
- Disa +
- Discyphus +
- Disperis +
- Distylodon +
- Diuris +
- Domingoa +
- Dossinia +
- Draconanthes +
- Dracula +
- Drakaea +
- Dresslerella +
- Dressleria +
- Dryadella +
- Dryadorchis +
- Drymoanthus +
- Drymoda +
- Duckeella +
- Dunstervillea +
- Dyakia +
- Earina +
- Echinosepala +
- Eggelingia +
- Eleorchis +
- Elleanthus +
- Eloyella +
- Eltroplectris +
- Elythranthera +
- Embreea +
- Encyclia +
- Entomophobia +
- Eparmatostigma +
- Ephippianthus +
- Epiblastus +
- Epiblema +
- Epidendrum +
- Epigeneium +
- Epilaeliopsis +
- Epilyna +
- Epipactis +
- Epipogium +
- Epistephium +
- Eria +
- Eriaxis +
- Ericksonella +
- Eriochilus +
- Eriodes +
- Eriopsis +
- Erycina +
- Erythrodes +
- Erythrorchis +
- Esmeralda +
- Euanthe +
- Eulophia +
- Eulophiella +
- Eurycentrum +
- Eurychone +
- Eurystyles +
- Evotella +
- Exalaria +
- Fernandezia +
- Flickingeria +
- Frondaria +
- Fuertesiella +
- Funkiella +
- Galeandra +
- Galearis +
- Galeola +
- Galeottia +
- Galeottiella +
- Gastrochilus +
- Gastrodia +
- Gastrorchis +
- Gavilea +
- Geesinkorchis +
- Gennaria +
- Genoplesium +
- Genyorchis +
- Geoblasta +
- Geodorum +
- Glomera +
- Glossodia +
- Gomesa +
- Gomphichis +
- Gonatostylis +
- Gongora +
- Goniochilus +
- Goodyera +
- Govenia +
- Grammangis +
- Grammatophyllum +
- Graphorkis +
- Grobya +
- Grosourdya +
- Guanchezia +
- Guarianthe +
- Gunnarella +
- Gymnadenia +
- Gymnanacamptis +
- Gymnotraunsteinera +
- Gymplatanthera +
- Gynoglottis +
- Habenaria +
- Hagsatera +
- Halleorchis +
- Hammarbya +
- Hancockia +
- Hapalorchis +
- Haraella +
- Hederorkis +
- Helcia +
- Helleriella +
- Helonoma +
- Hemipilia +
- Hemipiliopsis +
- Herminium +
- Herpysma +
- Hetaeria +
- Heterotaxis +
- Hexalectris +
- Himantoglossum +
- Hintonella +
- Hippeophyllum +
- Hirtzia +
- Hispaniella +
- Hofmeisterella +
- Holcoglossum +
- Holothrix +
- Homalopetalum +
- Horichia +
- Horvatia +
- Houlletia +
- Huntleya +
- Huttonaea +
- Hygrochilus +
- Hylaeorchis +
- Hylophila +
- Hymenorchis +
- Ida +
- Imerinaea +
- India +
- Ionopsis +
- Ipsea +
- Isabelia +
- Ischnogyne +
- Isochilus +
- Isotria +
- Jacquiniella +
- Jejewoodia +
- Jejosephia +
- Jumellea +
- Kefersteinia +
- Kegeliella +
- Kionophyton +
- Koellensteinia +
- Kraenzlinella +
- Kreodanthus +
- Kuhlhasseltia +
- Lacaena +
- Laelia +
- Lankesterella +
- Lecanorchis +
- Lemurella +
- Lemurorchis +
- Leochilus +
- Lepanthes +
- Lepanthopsis +
- Lepidogyne +
- Leporella +
- Leptotes +
- Lesliea +
- Ligeophila +
- Limodorum +
- Liparis +
- Listrostachys +
- Lockhartia +
- Loefgrenianthus +
- Ludisia +
- Lueckelia +
- Lueddemannia +
- Luisia +
- Lycaste +
- Lycida +
- Lycomormium +
- Lyperanthus +
- Lyroglossa +
- Macodes +
- Macradenia +
- Macroclinium +
- Macropodanthus +
- Malaxis +
- Malleola +
- Manniella +
- Margelliantha +
- Masdevallia +
- Maxillaria +
- Mediocalcar +
- Megalorchis +
- Megalotus +
- Megastylis +
- Meiracyllium +
- Mesadenella +
- Mesadenus +
- Mesoglossum +
- Mesospinidium +
- Mexicoa +
- Mexipedium +
- Microchilus +
- Microcoelia +
- Microepidendrum +
- Micropera +
- Microsaccus +
- Microtatorchis +
- Microterangis +
- Microthelys +
- Microtis +
- Miltonia +
- Miltonidium +
- Miltonioides +
- Miltoniopsis +
- Mobilabium +
- Moerenhoutia +
- Monomeria +
- Monophyllorchis +
- Mormodes +
- Mormolyca +
- Mycaranthes +
- Myoxanthus +
- Myrmechis +
- Myrmecolaelia +
- Myrmecophila +
- Myrosmodes +
- Mystacidium +
- Nabaluia +
- Nageliella +
- Nemaconia +
- Neobathiea +
- Neobennettia +
- Neobenthamia +
- Neobolusia +
- Neoclemensia +
- Neocogniauxia +
- Neofinetia +
- Neogardneria +
- Neogyna +
- Neomoorea +
- Neotinea +
- Neottia +
- Neottianthe +
- Nephelaphyllum +
- Nephrangis +
- Nervilia +
- Neuwiedia +
- Nidema +
- Notheria +
- Nothodoritis +
- Nothostele +
- Notylia +
- Notyliopsis +
- Oberonia +
- Oberonioides +
- Octarrhena +
- Octomeria +
- Odontochilus +
- Odontoglossum +
- Odontorrhynchus +
- Oeceoclades +
- Oeonia +
- Oeoniella +
- Oestlundia +
- Oliveriana +
- Omoea +
- Oncidium +
- Ophioglossella +
- Ophrys +
- Orchidactylorhiza +
- Orchigymnadenia +
- Orchimantoglossum +
- Orchipedum +
- Orchiplatanthera +
- Orchis +
- Orchiserapias +
- Oreorchis +
- Orestias +
- Orleanesia +
- Ornithocephalus +
- Ornithochilus +
- Ornithocidium +
- Ornithophora +
- Orthoceras +
- Osmoglossum +
- Ossiculum +
- Otochilus +
- Otoglossum +
- Otostylis +
- Oxystophyllum +
- Pabstia +
- Pabstiella +
- Pachites +
- Pachyphyllum +
- Pachyplectron +
- Pachystoma +
- Palmorchis +
- Panisea +
- Paphinia +
- Paphiopedilum +
- Papilionanthe +
- Papillilabium +
- Papperitzia +
- Papuaea +
- Paradisanthus +
- Paralophia +
- Paraphalaenopsis +
- Parapteroceras +
- Parhabenaria +
- Pecteilis +
- Pedilochilus +
- Pelatantheria +
- Pelexia +
- Pennilabium +
- Peristeranthus +
- Peristeria +
- Peristylus +
- Pescatoria +
- Pfitzeria +
- Phaius +
- Phalaenopsis +
- Pheladenia +
- Phloeophila +
- Pholidota +
- Phragmipedium +
- Phragmorchis +
- Phreatia +
- Phymatidium +
- Physoceras +
- Pilophyllum +
- Piperia +
- Pityphyllum +
- Platanthera +
- Platycoryne +
- Platylepis +
- Platyrhiza +
- Platystele +
- Platythelys +
- Plectorrhiza +
- Plectrelminthus +
- Plectrophora +
- Pleione +
- Pleurothallis +
- Pleurothallopsis +
- Plocoglottis +
- Poaephyllum +
- Podangis +
- Podochilus +
- Pogonia +
- Pogoniopsis +
- Polycycnis +
- Polyotidium +
- Polystachya +
- Pomatocalpa +
- Ponera +
- Ponerorchis +
- Ponthieva +
- Porolabium +
- Porpax +
- Porphyrodesme +
- Porphyroglottis +
- Porphyrostachys +
- Porroglossum +
- Porrorhachis +
- Potosia +
- Praecoxanthus +
- Prasophyllum +
- Prescottia +
- Pristiglottis +
- Promenaea +
- Prosthechea +
- Pseudadenia +
- Pseudanthera +
- Pseuderia +
- Pseudinium +
- Pseudocentrum +
- Pseudocranichis +
- Pseudogoodyera +
- Pseudolaelia +
- Pseudorchis +
- Pseudorhiza +
- Pseudovanilla +
- Psilochilus +
- Psychilis +
- Psychopsiella +
- Psychopsis +
- Pterichis +
- Pteroceras +
- Pteroglossa +
- Pterostemma +
- Pterostylis +
- Pterygodium +
- Pygmaeorchis +
- Pyrorchis +
- Quekettia +
- Quisqueya +
- Rangaeris +
- Rauhiella +
- Raycadenco +
- Renanthera +
- Restrepia +
- Restrepiella +
- Rhaesteria +
- Rhamphorhynchus +
- Rhinerrhiza +
- Rhinerrhizopsis +
- Rhipidoglossum +
- Rhizanthella +
- Rhomboda +
- Rhynchogyna +
- Rhyncholaelia +
- Rhynchostele +
- Rhynchostylis +
- Ridleyella +
- Rimacola +
- Risleya +
- Robiquetia +
- Rodriguezia +
- Rodrigueziella +
- Rodrigueziopsis +
- Roeperocharis +
- Roezliella +
- Rossioglossum +
- Rudolfiella +
- Saccoglossum +
- Saccolabiopsis +
- Saccolabium +
- Sacoila +
- Sanderella +
- Sarcanthopsis +
- Sarcochilus +
- Sarcoglottis +
- Sarcoglyphis +
- Sarcophyton +
- Sarcostoma +
- Sarmenticola +
- Satyrium +
- Saundersia +
- Sauroglossum +
- Saurolophorkis +
- Scaphosepalum +
- Scaphyglottis +
- Scelochiloides +
- Scelochilopsis +
- Scelochilus +
- Schiedeella +
- Schistotylus +
- Schizochilus +
- Schizodium +
- Schlimmia +
- Schoenorchis +
- Schombocattleya +
- Schuitemania +
- Schunkea +
- Scuticaria +
- Sedirea +
- Sedirisia +
- Seegeriella +
- Seidenfadenia +
- Seidenfadeniella +
- Selenipedium +
- Senghasiella +
- Serapias +
- Serapicamptis +
- Serapirhiza +
- Sertifera +
- Sievekingia +
- Sigmatostalix +
- Silvorchis +
- Sirhookera +
- Sirindhornia +
- Skeptrostachys +
- Smithorchis +
- Smithsonia +
- Smitinandia +
- Sobennikoffia +
- Sobralia +
- Solenangis +
- Solenidiopsis +
- Solenidium +
- Solenocentrum +
- Sophrocattleya +
- Sophrocyclia +
- Sophronitis +
- Soterosanthus +
- Spathoglottis +
- Specklinia +
- Sphyrarhynchus +
- Spiculaea +
- Spiranthes +
- Spongiola +
- Stalkya +
- Stanhopea +
- Staurochilus +
- Stelis +
- Stenia +
- Stenoglottis +
- Stenoptera +
- Stenorrhynchos +
- Stephanothelys +
- Stereochilus +
- Stereosandra +
- Steveniella +
- Stichorkis +
- Stictophyllorchis +
- Stigmatodactylus +
- Stigmatorthos +
- Stigmatosema +
- Stolzia +
- Suarezia +
- Summerhayesia +
- Sunipia +
- Sutrina +
- Svenkoeltzia +
- Synanthes +
- Systeloglossum +
- Taeniophyllum +
- Taeniorrhiza +
- Tainia +
- Teagueia +
- Telipogon +
- Tetramicra +
- Teuscheria +
- Thaia +
- Thecopus +
- Thecostele +
- Thelasis +
- Thelymitra +
- Thelyschista +
- Thrixspermum +
- Thulinia +
- Thunia +
- Thysanoglossa +
- Ticoglossum +
- Tipularia +
- Tolumnia +
- Tomzanonia +
- Traunsteinera +
- Trevoria +
- Trias +
- Triceratorhynchus +
- Trichocentrum +
- Trichoceros +
- Trichoglottis +
- Trichopilia +
- Trichosalpinx +
- Trichotosia +
- Tridactyle +
- Trigonidium +
- Triphora +
- Trisetella +
- Trizeuxis +
- Tropidia +
- Tsaiorchis +
- Tuberolabium +
- Tylostigma +
- Uleiorchis +
- Uncifera +
- Vanda +
- Vandopsis +
- Vanilla +
- Vargasiella +
- Vasqueziella +
- Ventricularia +
- Veyretella +
- Veyretia +
- Vietorchis +
- Vrydagzynea +
- Warmingia +
- Warrea +
- Warreella +
- Warreopsis +
- Wullschlaegelia +
- Xenikophyton +
- Xerorchis +
- Xylobium +
- Yoania +
- Ypsilopus +
- Zelenkoa +
- Zeuxine +
- Zeuxinella +
- Zootrophion +
- Zygopetalum +
- Zygosepalum +
- Zygostates +
-
Orchidaceae
-
Asparagales +
-
Liliopsida +
-
Magnoliophyta +
-
Protozoa +
-
Viruses +
Table of Contents
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General Description
More successful pollination: orchids
Source and Additional Information
The flowers of individual plants of a given orchid species improve the odds for successful pollination by producing a scent unique to that plant.
"However, all individual plants of one species, while they produce a scent that mimics the female pheromone in its essentials, do not smell exactly the same. Each plant differs sufficiently from others to suggest to the bee that this next one, with a slightly different fragrance, will give him the satisfaction that has eluded him so far." (Attenborough 1995:129)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
References
- Attenborough, D. 1995. The Private Life of Plants: A Natural History of Plant Behavior. London: BBC Books. 320 p.
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Pollen fastens to a bee's head: orchids
Source and Additional Information
The column of some orchids descends from the top of the flower when a male bee lands and deposits pollinia on its head.
With European orchids, "If and when a male bee finds the flower, he settles upon the lip, grasping it in exactly the same way as he grasps a female bee, and tries to copulate, thrusting the tip of his abdomen into the fringe of long hairs at the end of the lip. He fails, of course, but in the process, a curved column that houses both male and female organs, descends from the top of the orchid and glues a pair of pollinia to his head. If the next orchid he visits has already despatched its pollinia, then the column will pick up the one he carries and the orchid is fertilised." (Attenborough 1995:126)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
References
- Attenborough, D. 1995. The Private Life of Plants: A Natural History of Plant Behavior. London: BBC Books. 320 p.
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Roots absorb moisture from humid air: orchids
Source and Additional Information
Some orchids absorb moisture from humid air via aerial roots.
"Orchids of many kinds have also adopted this high life. They lack the ponds that sustain the bromeliads, so they must collect their nourishment in other ways. Some dangle their roots in the air, absorbing moisture from the humid atmosphere and rely on the tiny amount of nutriments it might have dissolved on its descent through the forest vegetation. Others spread their roots over the surface of the branches and collect the water that has trickled through the leaves and dripped from branch to branch, gathering a little nutriment on the way." (Attenborough 1995:166)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
References
- Attenborough, D. 1995. The Private Life of Plants: A Natural History of Plant Behavior. London: BBC Books. 320 p.
Contribute
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Froelichia floridana var. campestris (Small) Fern. Plains snakecotton |
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Lanius excubitoroides Prevost & DesMurs, 1847 Grey-backed Fiscal |
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Graptemys flavimaculata Cagle, 1954 Yellowblotched Map Turtle |
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Dendroica nigrescens (J. K. Townsend, 1837) Black-throated Grey Warbler |
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Dicranoweisia cirrata Lindberg in Milde, 1869 |
"Orchidaceae". Encyclopedia of Life, available from "http://www.eol.org/pages/8156". Accessed
18 Mar 2010.
