995017 Rhinoderma darwinii Vulnerable (VU) <i>Rhinoderma darwinii</i> Duméril and Bibron, 1841 ca Granota de Darwin en Darwin's frog en Darwin's toad es Rana narigona es Ranita de darwin es Sapito partero es Sapito vaquero fr Rhinoderma darwinii ka დარვინის რინოდერმა nl Darwin's bekbroeder pt Rhinoderma darwinii Cogger, H., R. Zweifel. 1998. Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 661 1 661 326757 false 1 Cannatella, D. 1995. "Rhinoderma" (On-line). Accessed Nov. 16, 1999 at http://www.zo.texas.edu/research/salientia/rhinoderma/rhinoderma.html . 15400 1 15400 326757 false 1 Crump, M. Accessed Nov. 16, 1999 at http://artedi.fish.washington.edu/asih/abstract/CRUMPMAR.html . 15401 1 15401 326757 false 1 Gallardo, M. "Ecobiobio" (On-line). Accessed Dec. 1, 1999 at http://www.proinco.net/ecobiobio/english/d-bio-2eng.html . 15402 1 15402 326757 false 1 Cogger, H., R. Zweifel. 1998. Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 661 1 661 1076776 false 1 Cannatella, D. 1995. "Rhinoderma" (On-line). Accessed Nov. 16, 1999 at http://www.zo.texas.edu/research/salientia/rhinoderma/rhinoderma.html . 15400 1 15400 1076776 false 1 Crump, M. Accessed Nov. 16, 1999 at http://artedi.fish.washington.edu/asih/abstract/CRUMPMAR.html . 15401 1 15401 1076776 false 1 Gallardo, M. "Ecobiobio" (On-line). Accessed Dec. 1, 1999 at http://www.proinco.net/ecobiobio/english/d-bio-2eng.html . 15402 1 15402 1076776 false 1 Cogger, H., R. Zweifel. 1998. Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. 661 1 661 1140614 false 1 Cannatella, D. 1995. "Rhinoderma" (On-line). Accessed Nov. 16, 1999 at http://www.zo.texas.edu/research/salientia/rhinoderma/rhinoderma.html . 15400 1 15400 1140614 false 1 Crump, M. Accessed Nov. 16, 1999 at http://artedi.fish.washington.edu/asih/abstract/CRUMPMAR.html . 15401 1 15401 1140614 false 1 Gallardo, M. "Ecobiobio" (On-line). Accessed Dec. 1, 1999 at http://www.proinco.net/ecobiobio/english/d-bio-2eng.html . 15402 1 15402 1140614 false 1 1. IUCN Red List (April, 2009) <a href="http://www.redlist.org">http://www.redlist.org</a> 686293 1 686293 1419102 false 1 2. AmphibiaWeb (April, 2009) <a href="http://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?query_src=aw_lists_genera_&where-genus=Rhinoderma&where-species=darwinii">http://amphibiaweb.org/cgi/amphib_query?query_src=aw_lists_genera_&where-genus=Rhinoderma&where-species=darwinii</a> 686294 1 686294 1419102 false 1 3. Bell, T. and and Darwin, C.R. (1843) <i>Reptiles Part 5 No. 2 of The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Beagle</i>. Smith Elder and Co, London. 686295 1 686295 1419102 false 1 4. Burton, M. and Burton, R. (2002) <i>International Wildlife Encyclopedia</i>. Marshall Cavendish, New York. 686296 1 686296 1419102 false 1 5. AmphibiaWeb (April, 2009) <a href="http://www.amphibiaweb.org/declines">http://www.amphibiaweb.org/declines</a> 686297 1 686297 1419102 false 1 Mainly active during the day, Darwin's frog frequently basks in sunlight, while camouflaged amongst the leaf litter. This species mainly feeds upon insects and other small invertebrates, which it catches by remaining motionless and waiting for the unsuspecting animal to come near, before lunging forwards and devouring its prey. When threatened Darwin's frog will play dead, rolling onto its back and lying motionless, or, more dramatically, it will leap into a stream, and float in the water on its back, again feigning death (2).</p><p>The male Darwin's frog produces vocalisations throughout the year, but mainly during the breeding season, which occurs from November to March. After encountering a prospective mate, the male leads the female to a sheltered site where courtship and egg-laying take place. The female deposits a clutch of around 40 eggs, each four millimetres wide, in the leaf litter, which are fertilised by the male. The female then departs, but the male remains with the eggs, guarding them while they develop (2). After around 20 days, when the tadpoles begin to wriggle within the eggs, the male uses its tongue to pick up the eggs, and manoeuvres them through the slits in its mouth into the vocal sac (2) (4). Here, the tadpoles hatch from the eggs and remain while metamorphosis takes place. While in the sac, the tadpoles are sustained by the remainders of the yolk from the egg, as well as nutrient-rich secretions produced by the adult (2). Once development has progressed to the point where the young are around 1 cm long and the tail has become reduced to a small stump, they move out of the vocal sac and are released by the male out of the mouth (4). As many as 19 tadpoles may be brooded by a single male, causing the internal organ's to distort to accommodate the mass of offspring, but returning to normal after the froglets are released (2) (4). 6696bff0321e00b8c5ab849d174cd18f 1870210 Wildscreen Copyright Wildscreen 2003-2008 ARKive Copyright Copyright Wildscreen 2003-2008. Some rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Supplier ARKive http://www.arkive.org/ 5978 arkive Location Source URL View original data object http://www.arkive.org/darwins-frog/rhinoderma-darwinii/ Citation English cc-by-nc-sa 3.0 Text http://content10.eol.org/content_large.jpg http://content1.eol.org/content_medium.jpg http://content2.eol.org/content_small.jpg 1 Overview 3 Description 290 General Description 301 Barcode 302 Nucleotide Sequences 267 Morphology 232 Reproduction and Life History 4 Ecology and Distribution 20 Distribution 41 Habitat 297 Trophic Strategy 8 Conservation 33 Trends and Threats 286 Conservation Status 6 Relevance 221 Environmental Impact 295 Procedures 300 Wikipedia 9 Biodiversity Heritage Library 7 References and More Information 17 Literature References 226 Specialist Projects 298 Biomedical Terms 227 Search the Web 13 Common Names 1 Animalia NOT EVALUATED Animalia 694 Chordata NOT EVALUATED Chordata 1552 Amphibia NOT EVALUATED Amphibia 1553 Anura NOT EVALUATED Anura 7514 Rhinodermatidae NOT EVALUATED Rhinodermatidae 39998 Rhinoderma NOT EVALUATED Rhinoderma 995017 Rhinoderma darwinii Vulnerable (VU) <i>Rhinoderma darwinii</i> Duméril and Bibron, 1841 Portland State University, MA Education 7 klans BA Physics - Johns Hopkins University MS Education - Johns Hopkins University ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia 10 peter Ph.D., University of Bristol (1976) D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990) 11 paddy Asst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006 Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35 PhD, Biological Oceanography, Massachussetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 2005 20470 jhammock University of Michigan, PhD 1997 Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) Member of Ecological Society of America, Entomological Society of America. 25567 csparr 33422 mstuder Curator of Zoology (Fishes), Field Museum of Natural History 34360 mwestneat 34754 jimedwards EOL Species Pages Coordinator, Ph. D. in Entomology, University of Arizona 1999, Diploma in Biology, Freie Universität Berlin 1989 35200 Katja William Miller, PhD Assistant Professor Baker University Dept. of Biology PO Box 65 Baldwin city, Kansas 66006-0065 35243 WMiller University of California Berkeley 35508 tuco 36197 MarthaTestuser Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon department of Animal Biology (DBA) 36261 goncalorosa Post-doctoral Research Associate, Department of Herpetology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum 36989 Blackburn Active Member of Wildlife society of Africa, herpetological society of southern Africa and general manager and curator of reptile research and information center (Zebra Country lodge, Cullinan district Pretoria) 37046 Vaughan faculty, Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Gables, Fl 33124 AAAS, ICRS, Sigma Xi http://www.bio.miami.edu/Fac/Sealey.html 38707 ksealey Emeritus Fellow, Trinity College Dublin Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64. Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76. Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366. Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D. (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68. Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles. Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63. 39544 jrynolds Affiliated with EOL Species Pages Group 39552 lshapiro Curator of marine invertebrates, National Museums Northern Ireland (Ulster Museum) Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. & Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow & Rob van Soest. PDf and website 40160 BernardPicton graduate student at Boston University EOL Fellow 40557 mchughey 1. Post-doctoral fellow, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, and EOL Rubenstein Felllow 40643 bzimkus 0 0 0