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Awl Leaf Arrowhead

Sagittaria subulata (L.) Buchenau

Comments

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Sagittaria subulata occurs in shallow brackish waters near the coast. The plants are especially common in areas that are exposed during low tides.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Herbs, perennial, to 40 cm, on tidal muds; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. Leaves submersed, phyllodial, lenticular, 5--40 ´ 0.1--0.4 cm, or rarely floating; petiole terete, 2.4--4 cm; blade linear-lanceolate to ovate, 1--2.5 ´ 0.3--1.5 cm. Inflorescences racemes, of 2--7 whorls, floating, 2--11 ´ 1.5--4.5 cm; peduncles 5--40 cm; bracts connate more than ¼ total length, subulate, 1.5--4.2 mm, delicate, not papillose; fruiting pedicels recurved, cylindric to club-shaped, 0.2--1.1 cm. Flowers 0.4--1.2 cm diam.; sepals spreading to recurved in staminate, erect in pistillate, enclosing flower or fruiting head; filaments dilated, longer than anther, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, occasionally with ring of sterile stamens. Fruiting heads 0.55--0.8 cm diam.; achenes oblanceoloid, abaxially keeled, 2 ´ 1.5 mm, beaked; faces not tuberculate, wings 1--2, crenate, glands 0--1; beak lateral, erect, 0.2--0.4 mm. 2n = 22.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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eFloras

Distribution

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Ala., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Md., Mass., Miss., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Pa., R.I., S.C., Va.; South America (Colombia).
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Flowering/Fruiting

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Flowering summer--fall.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Habitat

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Streams and brackish bays; 0--100m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Alisma subulatum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 343. 1753 (as subulata); Sagittaria lorata (Chapman) Small; S. subulata var. natans (Michaux) J. G. Smith
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Sagittaria lorata (Chapm.) Small
Sagittaria natans Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 190. 1803. Not 5. natans Pall. 1776. Sagittaria natans lorata Chapm. Fl. S. U. S. 449. 1860.
? Sagittaria natdns (?) gracillima S. Wats, in A. Gray, Man. ed. 6. 556. 1890. ? Sagittaria subulata gracillima J. G. Smith, Mem. Torrey Club 5 : 26. 1894.
Plants mostly submerged, sometimes greatly elongate ; leaves with bladeless petioles or blades when present floating, elliptic, oblong or ovate-oblong, 1.5-5 cm. long, rounded, subcordate, or hastate-truncate at the base ; phyllodia flattened, strap-like ; scape elongating to the surface of the water or rising above it, 1-10 dm. long or more ; whorls of the inflorescence one or several ; bracts thin, acuminate; sepals becoming 3^4.5 mm. long; corolla fully 2 cm. wide; fruit-heads 8-10 mm. in diameter; achenes rather numerous, 2-2.5 mm. long, with 5-7 prominently dentate or crenate crests, the beak erect or decidedly curved upward.
Type locality : Carolina.
Distribution : New Jersey and South Carolina to Florida ; also in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Jersey, as far as the form described as 5. natans gracillima is concerned.
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bibliographic citation
Percy Wilson, Per Axel Rydberg, Norman Taylor, Nathaniel Lord Britton, John Kunkel Small, George Valentine Nash. 1909. PANDANALES-POALES; TYPHACEAE, SPARGANACEAE, ELODEACEAE, HYDROCHARITACEAE, ZANNICHELLIACEAE, ZOSTERACEAE, CYMODOCEACEAE, NAIADACEAE, LILAEACEAE, SCHEUCHZERIACEAE, ALISMACEAE, BUTOMACEAE, POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Sagittaria subulata (I,.) Buch. Abh. Nat. Ver
Bremen 2 : 490. 1871.
Alisma subulatum L>. Sp. PI. 343. 1753.
Sagittaria pusilla Nutt. Gen, 2 : 213. 1818.
Echinodorus subulatus Bngelm. in A. Gray, Man. 460. 1848.
Sagittaria natans lorata A. Gray, Man. .ed. 5. 494. 1867.
Plants 2-16 cm. tall, usually em-ersed ; leaves usually represented by rigid phyllodia 2-12 cm. long; the blades when present linear to linear-lanceolate, 2-3 cm. long, acutish, shorter than the petioles ; scapes shorter than the leaves or sometimes longer, the whorls of the raceme solitary or often 2 or rarely 3 ; bracts thin, 1-5 mm. long ; pedicels of pistillate heads 10-20 mm. long ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, becoming 2-3 mm. long ; corollas about 15 cm. broad; fruit-heads 6-7 mm. in diameter; achenes few, 1.5 to nearly 2 mm. long, with 3 prominent but merely undulate or sparingly toothed crests, the beak lateral, ascending.
Type locality : Virginia.
Distribution : Connecticut and New York to Florida and Alabama.
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bibliographic citation
Percy Wilson, Per Axel Rydberg, Norman Taylor, Nathaniel Lord Britton, John Kunkel Small, George Valentine Nash. 1909. PANDANALES-POALES; TYPHACEAE, SPARGANACEAE, ELODEACEAE, HYDROCHARITACEAE, ZANNICHELLIACEAE, ZOSTERACEAE, CYMODOCEACEAE, NAIADACEAE, LILAEACEAE, SCHEUCHZERIACEAE, ALISMACEAE, BUTOMACEAE, POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(1). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Sagittaria subulata

provided by wikipedia EN

Sagittaria subulata, the awl-leaf arrowhead,[2] narrow-leaved arrowhead[3] or dwarf sagittaria, is an aquatic plant species that grows primarily in shallow brackish water along the seacoast, in marshes, estuaries, etc. It is native to the Colombia, Venezuela, and every US state along the coast from Massachusetts to Louisiana.[4][5] It has also been reported as naturalized in Great Britain on just three occasions; only one of these is recent and it appears to have become extinct by 2010. It is also recorded as a non-native on the Azores, and on the Island of Java in Indonesia.[6]

Sagittaria subulata is a perennial herb up to 40 cm tall. Leaves are submersed or floating, narrowly linear to ovate, not lobed. Inflorescence floats on the surface of the water.[4][7][8]

Conservation status in the United States

It is listed as special concern in Connecticut,[9] as endangered in Massachusetts, as rare in Pennsylvania, and as historical in Rhode Island.[10]

References

  1. ^ The Plant List, Sagittaria subulata
  2. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sagittaria subulata". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  3. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. ^ a b "Sagittaria subulata in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
  5. ^ Biota of North America Program map, Sagittaria subulata
  6. ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Sagittaria subulata
  7. ^ Buchenau, Franz Georg Philipp. 1871. Abhandlungen herausgegeben vom Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen 2: 490, Sagittaria subulata
  8. ^ von, Linné, Carl; Lars, Salvius (1753-01-01). "Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum". 1. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ "Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 12 January 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
  10. ^ "Plants Profile for Sagittaria subulata (arumleaf arrowhead)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 17 January 2018.

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Sagittaria subulata: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Sagittaria subulata, the awl-leaf arrowhead, narrow-leaved arrowhead or dwarf sagittaria, is an aquatic plant species that grows primarily in shallow brackish water along the seacoast, in marshes, estuaries, etc. It is native to the Colombia, Venezuela, and every US state along the coast from Massachusetts to Louisiana. It has also been reported as naturalized in Great Britain on just three occasions; only one of these is recent and it appears to have become extinct by 2010. It is also recorded as a non-native on the Azores, and on the Island of Java in Indonesia.

Sagittaria subulata is a perennial herb up to 40 cm tall. Leaves are submersed or floating, narrowly linear to ovate, not lobed. Inflorescence floats on the surface of the water.

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