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Loose Silkybent

Apera spica-venti (L.) P. Beauv.

Associations

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Foodplant / parasite
Blumeria graminis parasitises live Apera spica-venti

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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Agrostis spica-venti L. Sp. PI. 61. 1753
Agrostis gracilis Salisb. Prodr. 25. 1796. (Based on A. Spica-venti L . > Apera Spica-venti Beauv. Agrost. 31. 151. 1812. (Based on Agrostis Spica-venti L.) Anemagrostis Spica-venti Trin. Fund. Agrost. 129. 1820. (Based on Agrostis Spica-venti L.) Festuca Spica-venti Raspail, Ann. Sci. Nat. 5: 445. 1825. (Based on Agrostis Spica-venti L.) Miihlenbergia Spica-venti Trin. Mem. Acad. St.-Petersb. VI. 6'-: 285. 1841. (Based on Agrostis Spica-venti L.) Agrostis ventosa Dulac, Fl. Hautes-Pyren. 74. 1867. (Based on Apera Spica-venti Beauv.) Agrostis Anemagroslis Syme, Engl. Bot. ed. 3. 11: 43. 1873. (Based on Anemagrostis Spica-venti
Agrostis Anemagrostis subsp. Spica-venti Syme, Engl. Bot. ed. 3.11: 43. 1873. (Based on A . Spicaventi L.)
Annual; culms branched at base, erect or ascending, glabrous, about 3-noded, 40-60 cm. tall; sheaths glabrous or sometimes slightly rough; ligule as much as 6 mm. long, lacerate; blades scabrous, acuminate, 5-15 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide; panicle oblong, loose, erect or somewhat nodding; 10-20 cm. long, usually about half as wide, the branches capillary, whorled, ascending or somewhat spreading, naked at base, or with a few short branches intermixed; glumes acuminate, somewhat unequal, 2-2.5 mm. long, the first shorter and narrower; lemma about as long as the second glume, scaberulous, the slender straight awn from below the apex, about twice as long as the glumes; palea about as long as the lemma; prolongation of the rachilla less than 0.5 mm. long.
Type locality: Europe.
Distribution: Introduced at a few points from Maine to Maryland; Ohio; Portland, Oregon; native of Europe and Siberia.
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bibliographic citation
Albert Spear Hitchcock. 1937. (POALES); POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(7). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Physical Description

provided by USDA PLANTS text
Annuals, Terrestrial, not aquatic, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems erect or ascending, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clustered, Stems terete, round in cross section, or polygonal, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence l ess than 1 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding basal leaves, Leaves mostly cauline, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath smooth, glabrous, Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Leaf blades linear, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blades mostly glabrous, Leaf blades scabrous, roughened, or wrinkled, Ligule present, Ligule a fringed, ciliate, or lobed membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence an open panicle, openly paniculate, branches spreading, Inflorescence solitary, with 1 spike, fascicle, glomerule, head, or cluster per stem or culm, Inflorescence lax, widely spreading, branches drooping, pendulous, Inflorescence branches more than 10 to numerous, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets pedicellate, Spikelets laterally compressed, Spikelet less than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 1 fertile floret, Spikelets solitary at rachis nodes, Spikelets all alike and fertille, Spikelet s bisexual, Spikelets disarticulating above the glumes, glumes persistent, Rachilla or pedicel glabrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes distinctly unequal, Glumes shorter than adjacent lemma, Glumes equal to or longer than adjacent lemma, Glume equal to or longer than spikelet, Glumes 1 nerved, Glumes 3 nerved, Lemma coriaceous, firmer or thicker in texture than the glumes, Lemma 5-7 nerved, Lemma glabrous, Lemma apex acute or acuminate, Lemma distinctly awned, more than 2-3 mm, Lemma with 1 awn, Lemma awn less than 1 cm long, Lemma awn 1-2 cm long, Lemma awn subapical or dorsal, Lemma awns straight or curved to base, Lemma margins thin, lying flat, Lemma straight, Callus or base of lemma evidently hairy, Callus hairs shorter than lemma, Palea present, well developed, Palea membranous, hyaline, Palea shorter than lemma, Palea 2 nerved or 2 keeled, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryopsis, Caryopsis ellipsoid, lo ngitudinally grooved, hilum long-linear.
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Dr. David Bogler
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Missouri Botanical Garden
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USDA NRCS NPDC
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