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Biology

provided by Halictidae LifeDesk

Halictus scabiosae is common in Europe. Like other species of Halictus, nests are underground burrows opening onto an earthen comb of cells. The social biology of the species is complex, not completely known, and likely flexible. In a population in southern France, females mated in autumn, then overwintered with other females. In spring, these co-foundresses began nesting, with one established as the dominant egg-layer (queen) staying at the nest to guard, and the others as subordinate helpers foraging for the queens’ offspring. These subordinates are eventually chased away, and may usurp the nest of other bees to establish themselves as reproductives. The daughters of the primary reproductive emerge and work as subordinate helpers to their mother, making the colony eusocial. These summer females are smaller, and few males are produced at this time, as the females are non-reproductive workers. Later in the autumn, reproductive females and males are produced. Nests are frequently found in aggregations (Reviewed Ulrich et al. 2009). However, Batra (1966) found a different pattern in seven nests from Geneva, Switzerland. Workers were not smaller than queens, foragers were often mated, and some nests contained more than one individual with active ovaries. This suggests that H. scabiosae might be communal, with multiple reproducing females.

Ulrich et al. (2010) combined nest collections with microsatellite genetic related analysis to show that in a population in Lausanne, Switzerland, there were indeed different social organizations present. About half of 60 nests sampled contained the offspring of only one female, the queen, and in at least three cases multiple females were reproducing. They also found that 53% of their study popultaion’s, and 42-73% of other nearby populations’, nests failed after initiation but before the emergence of new brood. 31% of nests were founded by more than one female. Ulrich et al. (2010) also noted the presence of drifting later in the season: females from relatively productive nests moving to other, often unoccupied, nests, sometimes with their sisters. The authors hypothesize that because these productive nests probably already have sufficient female reproductives to overwinter, the drifting females are in effect dispersing, and will be co-foundresses in their new nest the following spring.

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Gelbbindige Furchenbiene ( German )

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Männchen
 src=
Weibchen am Nesteingang

Die Gelbbindige Furchenbiene (Halictus scabiosae) ist eine Bienenart aus der Gattung Halictus innerhalb der Familie der Halictidae (Schmal- und Furchenbienen). Die Art wurde im Jahr 2018 als Wildbiene des Jahres gekürt.[1]

Merkmale

Die Bienen haben ungefähr die Größe von Honigbienen. Sie sind anhand der Bandmusterung auf den Tergiten ihres Hinterleibs relativ leicht bestimmbar. Die Männchen sind schlanker als die Weibchen. Die schwarzen Bänder an den Tergiten 2 bis 4 der Weibchen sind jeweils an der Vorderseite von einem hellbraunen Band und an der Hinterseite von einem gelben Band gesäumt. Die Männchen besitzen auf den Tergiten 2 bis 6 jeweils ein weißliches Band auf der Hinterseite der schwarzen Bänder. Die hinteren Tibien der Männchen sind fast vollständig gelb. Dadurch unterscheiden sie sich von den Männchen der verwandten Arten H. eurygnathus und H. quadricinctus, deren Tibia schwarze Flecke aufweisen.[2]

Verbreitung

Die Art ist in den südlichen und mittleren Teilen Europas verbreitet.[3] Ihr Vorkommen erstreckt sich vom Mittelmeerraum einschließlich Nordafrika über Mitteleuropa bis nach Ungarn und ins Baltikum.[3] Die Art fehlt in Großbritannien, kommt jedoch auf den Kanalinseln vor.[2] Im Osten reicht das Verbreitungsgebiet über Kleinasien bis in den Mittleren Osten. In Deutschland erfolgte seit 1990 eine Ausbreitung von den südlichen Bundesländern her über Niedersachsen bis nach Schleswig-Holstein.[4]

Lebensweise

Die Bienen legen ihre Höhlennester häufig als eine Aggregation an. Die Nester werden sowohl auf ebenen Flächen als auch an senkrechten Hängen gebaut. Das Erdreich besteht gewöhnlich aus Sand oder weichem Gestein.[2] Die überwinternden Weibchen erscheinen im April, die Imagines (sowohl Männchen als auch Weibchen) der neuen Generation im Juli.[2] Das Sozialverhalten der Bienenart kann eusozial oder kommunal sein.[2] Die Bienen besuchen Korbblütler (Asteraceae), insbesondere Disteln, Flockenblumen und Ferkelkräuter.

Taxonomie

Die Art wurde von Pietro Rossi im Jahr 1790 als Apis scabiosae erstbeschrieben.[3] Weitere Synonyme sind:[2]

  • Hylaeus alternans Fabricius, 1793
  • Halictus zebrus Walckenaer, 1817
  • Halictus griseozonatus Dours, 1872
  • Halictus scabiosae powelli Cockerell, 1931

Einzelnachweise

  1. Die Gelbbindige Furchenbiene – Immer der Sonne nach (PDF, 6,6 MB) www.wildbienen-kataster.de. Abgerufen am 14. August 2018.
  2. a b c d e f Halictus scabiosae (Rossi, 1790). BWARS – Bees, Wasps & Ants Recording Society. Abgerufen am 14. August 2018.
  3. a b c Halictus scabiosae bei Fauna Europaea. Abgerufen am 14. August 2018
  4. Ludwig Schweitzer & Reiner Theunert: Zum Vorkommen von Halictus scabiosae (Rossi, 1790) und Megachile pilidens (Alfken, 1924) in Niedersachsen (Hymenoptera: Apidae). In: Peiner Biologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft ONLINE: 2019-01. PDF download https://www.peiner-bio-ag.de/halictusscabiosae.pdf
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Gelbbindige Furchenbiene: Brief Summary ( German )

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 src= Männchen  src= Weibchen am Nesteingang

Die Gelbbindige Furchenbiene (Halictus scabiosae) ist eine Bienenart aus der Gattung Halictus innerhalb der Familie der Halictidae (Schmal- und Furchenbienen). Die Art wurde im Jahr 2018 als Wildbiene des Jahres gekürt.

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Halictus scabiosae

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Halictus scabiosae, the great banded furrow-bee, is a species of bee in the family Halictidae, the sweat bees.

Distribution

This species is present in most of Europe and in North Africa.[1]

Description

The abdomen is long, with yellowish stripes and a double band on tergites two and three. The legs are yellow and antennae are entirely black and curved at the apex. Males are very elongated and have a whitish posterior band on segments two-six of the abdomen, while the females show basal hair yellowish-beige bands on tergites two-four.

This species looks very similar to a closely related species, Halictus sexcinctus, and thus the two can be easily confused. These two species can be distinguished from one another in that males of H. sexcinctus have longer, reddish antennae, and females lack said basal hair bands.[2][3]

Biology

These mining bees nest on the ground in hardened paths. Normally they dig vertical tunnels in the ground, with a circular entrance surrounded by a cone of earth.[4] In most cases a single female of Halictus scabiosae use a single nest, but sometimes they have a primitive social organization, with multiple females reproducing in a common nest. This primitive species can also be eusocial, with smaller females acting as workers.[5] They are used to nest at a particular site in many colonies.

This species may have several generations per year. Females usually can be found in April after hibernation, while males and new females appear in July. These bees feed on nectar and pollen of various flowers, especially on Asteraceae species.[2][3]

Gallery

References

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Halictus scabiosae: Brief Summary

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Halictus scabiosae, the great banded furrow-bee, is a species of bee in the family Halictidae, the sweat bees.

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Halictus scabiosae ( French )

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Halictus scabiosae, l'halicte de la scabieuse, est une espèce d'abeilles de la famille des Halictidae.

Notes et références

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Halictus scabiosae: Brief Summary ( French )

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Halictus scabiosae, l'halicte de la scabieuse, est une espèce d'abeilles de la famille des Halictidae.

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Breedbandgroefbij ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Insecten

De breedbandgroefbij (Halictus scabiosae) is een vliesvleugelig insect uit de familie Halictidae. De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1790 door Rossi.[1]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Geplaatst op:
16-12-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Halictus scabiosae ( Swedish )

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Halictus scabiosae[2][3] är en biart som först beskrevs av Rossi 1790. Den ingår i släktet bandbin och familjen vägbin.[4][5] Inga underarter finns listade.[4]

Beskrivning

Arten påminner om sexbandbiet (Halictus sexcinctus) med gulbrun behåring på mellankroppens sidor och ljusa hårband mot slutet av tergiterna (segmenten på bakkroppens ovansida), men hårbanden är påtagligt breda och ockrafärgade (på sexbandbiet är de nästan vita). Honan är 13 till 14 mm lång, hanen 12 till 14 mm.[6]

Ekologi

Halictus scabiosae lever på torra och varma habitat som skogsbryn, vallar, sand- och lertag samt ruderatområden (outnyttjad "skräpmark") i samhällen. Beträffande födan är arten generalist: den samlar pollen från flera växtfamiljer, som korgblommiga växter, vindeväxter och väddväxter.[6]

Fortplantning

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Hona på vakt i boöppningen

Honan gräver ett upp till 33 cm djupt bo i sparsamt bevuxen jord på platt eller nästan platt mark. Arten är primitivt eusocial: De parade honorna övervintrar tillsammans. Efter övervintringen antar en av dessa rollen som drottning, medan de andra uppträder som hennes hjälpredor, som arbetare. Drottningen lägger ägg och vaktar boet mot inkräktare, medan hjälpredorna matar hennes ungar. Hjälpredorna är emellertid inte infertila, utan lämnar senare under säsongen det ursprungliga boet och bildar egna bon. Arten kan ha flera generationer per år.[6]

Utbredning

Arten finns från Marocko till Belgien och södra Tyskland samt österut till Bosporen.[6]

Källor

  1. ^ Halictus scabiosae (Rossi, 1790)” (på engelska). Discovery Life. http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Halictus+scabiosae. Läst 10 september 2013.
  2. ^ (2008) , manuscript, World Bee Checklist Project - update 2008-09
  3. ^ (2006) , database, Apoidea Database, Fauna Europaea
  4. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (28 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/halictus+scabiosae/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  5. ^ ITIS Bees: World Bee Checklist. Ruggiero M. (project leader), Ascher J. et al., 2009-09-28
  6. ^ [a b c d] ”Furchenbienen: Halictus scabiosae (på tyska). Tier und Natur. http://www.wildbienen.de/eb-hscab.htm. Läst 23 juni 2017.


Externa länkar

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Halictus scabiosae: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

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Halictus scabiosae är en biart som först beskrevs av Rossi 1790. Den ingår i släktet bandbin och familjen vägbin. Inga underarter finns listade.

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Halictus scabiosae ( Vietnamese )

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{{Taxobox | image = | image caption = | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Hymenoptera | familia = Halictidae | subfamilia = Halictinae | tribus = Halictini | genus = Halictus | species = H. scabiosae | binomial = Halictus scabiosae | binomial_authority = Rossi, 1790 De Halictus scabiosae (tên tiếng Anh: breedbandgroefbij) là một loài Hymenoptera trong họ Halictidae. Loài này được Rossi mô tả khoa học năm 1790.[1]

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Halictus scabiosae: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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{{Taxobox | image = | image caption = | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Hymenoptera | familia = Halictidae | subfamilia = Halictinae | tribus = Halictini | genus = Halictus | species = H. scabiosae | binomial = Halictus scabiosae | binomial_authority = Rossi, 1790 De Halictus scabiosae (tên tiếng Anh: breedbandgroefbij) là một loài Hymenoptera trong họ Halictidae. Loài này được Rossi mô tả khoa học năm 1790.

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