Philine Ascanius 1772

Philine is a genus of sea slugs or sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Philininae of the family Philinidae, the headshield slugs or paper bubbles.^[1]

Species

Species within the genus Philine include:

Taxa inquirenda

• Philine acutangula A. Adams, 1862
• Philine desmotis Watson, 1897
• Philine minuta Thiele, 1925
• Philine sykesii Melvill, 1904
• Philine truncatissima G. B. Sowerby II, 1870
• Philine vitrea Gould, 1859

Species brought into synonymy

• Philine alata Thiele, 1912: synonym of Antarctophiline alata (Thiele, 1912) (original combination)
• Philine alba Mattox, 1958 - white paper-bubble, white paperbubble: synonym of Philinorbis albus (Mattox, 1958) (original combination)
• Philine alternans van der Linden, 1995: synonym of Laona alternans (van der Linden, 1995) (original combination)
• Philine antarctica Smith, 1902: synonym of Waegelea antarctica (E. A. Smith, 1902) (original combination)
• Philine apertissima Smith, 1902: synonym of Antarctophiline apertissima (E. A. Smith, 1902) (original combination)
• Philine apertissima de Folin, 1893: synonym of Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772
• Philine argentata Gould, 1859: synonym of Philine orientalis A. Adams, 1854
• Philine californica Willett, 1944 - California paper-bubble, California paperbubble : synonym of Laona californica (Willett, 1944) (original combination)
• Philine calva van der Linden, 1995: synonym of Philine striatula Monterosato, 1874
• Philine chilla Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1969: synonym of Laona chilla (Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1969) (original combination)
• Philine cingulata G. O. Sars, 1878 - girdled paper-bubble, girdled paperbubble : synonym of Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1858
• Philine condensa van der Linden, 1995: synonym of Laona condensa (van der Linden, 1995) (original combination)
• Philine confusa Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013: synonym of Laona confusa (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013)
• Philine falklandica A. W. B. Powell, 1951: synonym of Antarctophiline falklandica (Powell, 1951) (original combination)
• Philine fragilis G. O. Sars, 1878 - fragile paper-bubble, fragile paperbubble : synonym of Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1858: synonym of Praephiline finmarchica (M. Sars, 1859)
• Philine gibba (Strebel, 1908): synonym of Antarctophiline gibba (Strebel, 1908) (original combination)
• Philine gouldi Doello-Jurado, 1918: synonym of Antarctophiline gibba (Strebel, 1908)
• Philine grandioculi Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013: synonym of Laona grandioculi (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013)
• Philine indistincta Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013: synonym of Hermania indistincta (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013) (original combination)
• Philine japonica Lischke, 1872: synonym of Philine orientalis A. Adams, 1854
• Philine kawamurai (Habe, 1958): synonym of Globophiline kawamurai Habe, 1958
• Philine kerguelensis Thiele, 1925: synonym of Spiraphiline kerguelensis (Thiele, 1925) (original combination)
• Philine laevissima M. Sars, 1859: synonym of Diaphana hiemalis (Couthouy, 1839)
• Philine lima (T. Brown, 1825) - file paper-bubble, file paperbubble: synonym of Retusophiline lima (T. Brown, 1827)
• Philine lineolata (Couthouy, 1839): synonym of Philine lima (T. Brown, 1825): synonym of Retusophiline lima (T. Brown, 1827)
• Philine loveni Malm, 1858: synonym of Philine scabra (O. F. Müller, 1784)
• Philine milneedwardsi Locard, 1897: synonym of Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772
• Philine monterosatoi Sykes, 1905: synonym of Philine monterosati Monterosato, 1874 (unjustified emendation)
• Philine ossiansarsi Friele, 1877: synonym of Philine finmarchica M. Sars, 1858
• Philine polaris Aurivillius, 1885 - axial paper-bubble, axial paperbubble: synonym of Philine quadrata (S. Wood, 1839)
• Philine pruinosa (Clark, 1827): synonym of Laona pruinosa (W. Clark, 1827)
• Philine polystrigma (Dall, 1908): synonym of Woodbridgea polystrigma (Dall, 1908)
• Philine quadrata (S. V. Wood, 1839) - quadrate paper-bubble, quadrate paperbubble: synonym of Laona quadrata (S. Wood, 1839)
• Philine retifera (Forbes, 1844): synonym of Philine vestita (Philippi, 1840)
• Philine rugulosa (Dautzenberg & Fischer H., 1896): synonym of Philine rugosula Dautzenberg & Fischer H., 1896
• Philine scabra Muller, 1784: synonym of Hermania scabra (O. F. Müller, 1784)
• Philine sinuata Stimpson, 1851 - sinuate paper-bubble, sinuate paperbubble : synonym of Philine denticulata (Adams J., 1800)
• Philine striatella Tapparone-Canefri, 1874 : synonym of Philine orientalis A. Adams, 1854
• Philine trachyostraca Watson, 1897: synonym of Philine retifera (Forbes, 1844)
• Philine thurmanni Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969: synonym of Laona thurmanni (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969)
• Philine ventricosa (Jeffreys, 1865): synonym of Laona ventricosa (Jeffreys, 1865)

References

• Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
• Chaban E.M. & Soldatenko E.V. (2009) Description of a new genus Praephiline gen. nov. (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia: Philinidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 18(2): 205-211.
• Price R.M., Gosliner T.M. & Valdés A. (2011) Systematics and phylogeny of Philine (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia), with emphasis on the Philine aperta species complex. The Veliger 51(2): 1-58.