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Associations

provided by BioImages, the virtual fieldguide, UK
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
embedded sorus of Entyloma veronicae parasitises live leaf of Veronica serpyllifolia

Foodplant / parasite
sporangium of Peronospora grisea parasitises live Veronica serpyllifolia
Remarks: season: 4-6
Other: minor host/prey

Foodplant / parasite
sporangium of Peronospora verna parasitises live Veronica serpyllifolia

Foodplant / parasite
Sphaerotheca fuliginea parasitises live Veronica serpyllifolia

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Description

provided by eFloras
Perennials. Rhizomes long, slender. Stems cespitose, creeping, erect from middle, 10-30 cm tall, often branched, villous with multicellular hairs, apically often with multicellular glandular hairs. Leaves sometimes alternate apically on stem, sessile, lower ones sometimes short petiolate; leaf blade ovate-orbicular to ovate-oblong, 0.8-2.5 X 0.7-1.5 cm, margin shallowly incised or rarely entire, veins 3-5 or pinnately veined. Racemes terminal, sometimes also axillary, 10-40-flowered, to 20 cm in fruit, with multicellular glandular hairs; lower bracts similar to leaves in shape. Pedicel 2-4 mm in flower, 4-6 mm in fruit. Calyx 4-lobed. Corolla color variable from almost white with blue lines to solid blue, purple, or purplish red, subrotate, ca. 4 mm. Capsule subreniform, strongly compressed, 2.5-3 X 4-5 mm, base rounded to subtruncate, margin glandular ciliate, apex obtuse and notched. Style ca. 2.5 mm. Seeds flattened, slightly convex on both sides. Fl. Apr-Jun. 2n = 14.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 18: 69 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Distribution

provided by eFloras
Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [widely distributed in north temperate zones and subtropical alpine mountains].
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 18: 69 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Habitat

provided by eFloras
Mountain meadows; 400-3700 m.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 18: 69 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
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partner site
eFloras

Synonym

provided by eFloras
Veronica humifusa Dickson; V. serpyllifolia subsp. humifusa (Dickson) Syme; V. serpyllifolia var. humifusa (Dickson) Vahl.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 18: 69 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Veronica serpyllifolia

provided by wikipedia EN

Veronica serpyllifolia, the thyme-leaved speedwell[1] or thymeleaf speedwell,[2] is a perennial flowering plant in the plantain family. It is native to Europe, but can be found elsewhere on most continents as an introduced species.

Description

Veronica serpyllifolia L. initially grows low to the ground then will start to grow upright. The flowers are small, white, and have dark purple marks on their petals. The leaves are oval, borne on creeping stems. Roots grow from leaf axils. The prostrate stems bear erect flowering branches up to 20 cm high. The leaves are opposite on short stalks. The flowers are in racemes with a corolla 6 mm wide.[3] The first leaves of the seedling have no petiole, are hairless, and have a smooth margin. Their stems grow from nodes on the rhizomes, allowing it to grow in thick mats close to the ground. The lower leaves are oval and have smooth margins. The upper leaves are oval shaped but smaller than the lower leaves. The lower leaves have relatively short stalks, while the higher or upper leaves are stalkless (lack petioles).[4] Flowers have four petals and grow from the leaf axils.[5] The fruits are capsules. The capsules are obcordate or heart shaped, mostly flattened and have a pubescent outer layer with a notched tip. Veronica serpyllifolia capsules are approximately 2.5-3.5 mm long.[4] Once the capsules are mature, they open to release many small seeds. Their root systems are both fibrous and rhizomatous.[6] The fruit is lined with hairs and the seeds on the inside of the capsule are also flattened. This plant can be hard to spot as it is relatively small and grows in patches which can be covered by grass. They are more noticeable when they bloom.[7] Veronica serpyllifolia reproduces either by dropping its seeds or by rooting stems.[4]

Veronica serpyllifolia can grow in low mats.
Veronica serpyllifolia capsules.

Distribution

Veronica serpyllifolia L., commonly known as thyme-leaved speedwell, is native to Europe and is introduced to North America and New Zealand.[8] As of 2010, it is known to occur in 37 of the US states and is considered a weed in North America. Veronica serpyllifolia frequently occurs in open grass lands and cultivated areas on lighter soils.[9] Veronica serpyllifolia grows in full sunlight, tolerates partial shade, and thrives in a moist environment during the spring .[6] They can grow in elevations up to 3300 m.[10]

Ecology

Pollinators of V. serpyllifolia include flies and bees that visit the flowers for nectar. The seeds can be dispersed by attaching onto the wings of birds or the fur of some animals. Veronica serpyllifolia seeds were found in cattle dung, thus cattle or other grazers are likely important dispersers of the plant.[11]

Weed control

Veronica serpyllifolia grows in patches and is commonly recognized as a weed of turf grass. Ways to remove V. serpyllifolia from lawns are by mowing and watering and fertilizing lawns properly, this hinders the weeds ability to compete.[6] The use of herbicide is recommended for the complete removal of this species from a yard or a lawn. Picking the weed and pulling the roots out can work but this risks the further dispersal of seeds on the lawn.[5] One study showed that wiping herbicides onto the plant rather than spraying it helps to better remove of the species. It stated that wiping method worked better and the spray on method caused harm to other grasses surrounding the weeds.[12]

Synonyms

Synonyms of Veronica serpyllifolia include: Veronicastrum serpyllifolium (L.) Fourr. and Veronica serpyllifolia L. var. nummularioides Lecoq & Lamotte.[13]

Wetland plant status

Veronica serpyllifolia is able to grow in both jurisdictional wetlands and non-wetlands.[14] According the wetland plant classification system in the United States, V. serpyllifolia is classified as a facultative (FAC) to obligate (OBL) wetland plant.[15]

References

  1. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  2. ^ "Thymeleaf speedwell (Veronica serpyllifolia)". UC IPM. Retrieved 2019-04-25.
  3. ^ Parnell, John A. N.; Cullen, Elaine L.; Webb, D. A.; Curtis, Tom (2011). Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork: Cork University Press. ISBN 978-1-909005-08-2. OCLC 830022856.
  4. ^ a b c "Weed Gallery: Thymeleaf speedwell". ipm.ucanr.edu. Retrieved 2021-11-18.
  5. ^ a b "Lawn and Turfgrass Weeds: Thyme-leaf Speedwell". Penn State Extension. Retrieved 2021-10-20.
  6. ^ a b c "Thyme-Leaved Speedwell (Veronica serpyllifolia)". www.illinoiswildflowers.info. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
  7. ^ "Veronica serpyllifolia (Thyme-leaf Speedwell): Minnesota Wildflowers". www.minnesotawildflowers.info. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
  8. ^ Rahman, Matiur (2021-06-15). "Abundance of Hetrocystous Blue Green Algae of Rice Field of Mangaldoi Sub Division, Darrang District Assam". Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications. 14 (5): 242–244. doi:10.21786/bbrc/14.5/43. ISSN 0974-6455. S2CID 240639874.
  9. ^ "Anthecology of Veronica serpyllifolia subsp. serpyllifolia (Plantaginaceae) in Moscow region". Растительный Мир Азиатской России Растительный мир Азиатской России (4). 2017. doi:10.21782/rmar1995-2449-2017-4(42-46). ISSN 1995-2449.
  10. ^ "Veronica serpyllifolia - FNA". beta.floranorthamerica.org. Retrieved 2021-11-18.
  11. ^ Welch, D. (August 1985). "Studies in the Grazing of Heather Moorland In North-East Scotland. IV. Seed Dispersal and Plant Establishment in Dung". The Journal of Applied Ecology. 22 (2): 461–472. doi:10.2307/2403178. ISSN 0021-8901. JSTOR 2403178.
  12. ^ Harrington, K. C.; Hood, M. Z.; McKinnon, K. C. (2000-08-01). "Assessment of two herbicide wiping devices". New Zealand Plant Protection. 53: 273–276. doi:10.30843/nzpp.2000.53.3707. ISSN 1179-352X.
  13. ^ "USDA Plants Database". plants.sc.egov.usda.gov. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
  14. ^ "Veronica serpyllifolia ssp. humifusa Calflora". www.calflora.org. Retrieved 2021-11-17.
  15. ^ "NWPL Home v3.4-f9c". cwbi-app.sec.usace.army.mil. Retrieved 2021-12-08.

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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wikipedia EN

Veronica serpyllifolia: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Veronica serpyllifolia, the thyme-leaved speedwell or thymeleaf speedwell, is a perennial flowering plant in the plantain family. It is native to Europe, but can be found elsewhere on most continents as an introduced species.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN