Creatures » … » Plants » … » Dicotyledons » … » Holly Family » …

Creatures » Cellular Organisms » Eukaryotes » Plants » Green Plants » Streptophyta » Embryophytes » Ferns » Seed Plants » Dicotyledons » Eudicots » Superasterids » Asterids » Aquifoliales » Holly Family » Holly «

English Holly

Ilex aquifolium L.

Scientific Names

Preferred Names

Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Species recognized by Global Wood Density Database, wikipedia 中文维基百科, wikipedia 日本語, wikipedia русскую Википедию, wikipedia NL, wikipedia POL, wikipedia VI, wikipedia CZ, wikipedia FI, wikipedia NO, wikipedia UK, wikipedia CA, wikipedia SV, Algeria Species List, Andorra Species List, Austria Species List, Australia Species List, Belgium Species List, Brazil Species List, Canada Species List, China Species List, Colombia Species List, Croatia Species List, Denmark Species List, France Species List, Germany Species List, Greece Species List, Ireland Species List, Isle of Man Species List, Italy Species List, Luxembourg Species List, Morocco Species List, New Zealand Species List, Norway Species List, Poland Species List, Portugal Species List, Romania Species List, Serbia Species List, Slovenia Species List, Spain Species List, Sweden Species List, Switzerland Species List, Taiwan Species List, The Netherlands Species List, United Kingdom Species List, Japan Species List, wikipedia EU, wikipedia CY, North Atlantic Species List, North Pacific Species List, South Pacific Species List, wikipedia AST, wikipedia AZ, wikipedia LT, wikipedia BR, wikipedia hr Croatian, wikipedia DA, wikipedia NN, wikipedia IS, wikipedia SL, wikipedia PMS, NCBI, wikipedia EO, wikipedia emerging languages, wikipedia emerging_languages, wikipedia gl Galician, and United States Species List

Recognized by CalPhotos, National Wetland Plant List USA, Arkive, Biopix Nature Photos, Furui 2020, and ECOCROP

Recognized by Biopix Nature Photos

Species recognized by EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1, GBIF classification, Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species, GBIF national node type records UK, and GBIF national node type records France

Recognized by Inventaire National du Patrimoine Naturel and Flora of Zimbabwe

Recognized by IABIN

Species recognized by NCBI

Recognized by BHL data coverage

Recognized by Flickr BHL, European Vegetation Archive (EVA), and Flickr Group

Form recognized by wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Species recognized by Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024, iNaturalist, USDA Plants data, Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Hierarchy, and GBIF data coverage

Recognized by Plant Forms, Habitat and Distribution and BROT plant trait database for Mediterranean

Species recognized by TreatmentBank

Form recognized by wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Species recognized by wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

Species recognized by iNaturalist data coverage

Alternative Names

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Not accepted according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Reference taxon from Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World in Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life

Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

Synonym according to NCBI

Doubtful according to GBIF classification (Possible variant of Ilex aquifolium f. arbutifolia Loesener)

Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

Doubtful according to GBIF classification

Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

Doubtful according to GBIF classification

Synonym according to EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1 and EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Ambiguous synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Ambiguous synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Ambiguous synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Ambiguous synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Synonym according to Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Common Names

English

Recognized by Arkive and admin

Recognized by National Wetland Plant List USA

Recognized by Flora of Zimbabwe

Recognized by USDA PLANTS images, Wikidata Common Names, and Simpson et al 2020

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Catalan; Valencian

Recognized by admin

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Chinese

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Corsican

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Croatian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Czech

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Danish

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names and admin

Recognized by admin

Dutch; Flemish

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names and admin

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Esperanto

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Estonian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Finnish

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names and admin

French

Recognized by admin

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Galician

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

German

Recognized by admin

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names and admin

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Hebrew

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Hungarian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Icelandic

Recognized by admin

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names and admin

Japanese

Recognized by Furui 2020 and Wikidata Common Names

Kabyle

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Lithuanian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Macedonian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Norwegian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Occitan (post 1500)

Recognized by admin

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Persian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Polish

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Portuguese

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Quechua

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Russian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Sardinian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Slovak

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Spanish; Castilian

Recognized by admin

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Swedish

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names and admin

Ukrainian

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Welsh

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Arz

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Pt Br

Recognized by admin

Stq

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Yue

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zea

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Cn

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Hans

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Hant

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Hk

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

Zh Tw

Recognized by Wikidata Common Names

show 49 more languages

hide 49 languages

Life

Cellular Organisms

Eukaryota

Archaeplastida

Chloroplastida

Streptophyta

Embryophytes

Tracheophyta

Spermatophytes

Angiosperms

Eudicots

Superasterids

Asterids

Aquifoliales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex aquifolium L. (this page)

Ilex aculeolata Nakai

Ilex amplifolia Rusby

Ilex apicidens N. E. Br.

Ilex apiensis S. Andrews

Ilex aquipernyi Gable ex Whittem.

Ilex archboldiana Merr. & Perry

Ilex archeri Edwin

Ilex asprella (Hook. & Arn.) Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex auricula S. Andrews

Ilex baasiana B. C. Stone & R. Kiew

Ilex biserrulata Loes.

Ilex blancheana W. S. Judd

Ilex brachyphylla (Hand.-Mazz.) S. Y. Hu

Ilex brasiliensis (Spreng.) Loes.

Ilex buxifolia Gardn.

Ilex casiquiarensis Loes.

Ilex cassine L.

Ilex cauliflora H. W. Li ex Y. R. Li

Ilex chingiana Hu & T. Tang

Ilex chuguangii M. M. Lin

Ilex chuniana S. Y. Hu

Ilex cinerea Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex clethriflora S. Andrews

Ilex collina Alexander

Ilex condensata Turcz.

Ilex congonhinha Loes.

Ilex cookii Britton & P. Wilson

Ilex corallina Franch.

Ilex crassifolia Hook.

Ilex densifolia Miq.

Ilex dipyrena Wall.

Ilex duarteensis Loes.

Ilex dumosa Reiss.

Ilex elmerrilliana S. Y. Hu

Ilex embelioides Hook. fil.

Ilex emmae D. M. Hicks

Ilex excavata Pierre

Ilex excelsa (Wall.) Hook. fil.

Ilex florifera Fawcett & Rendle

Ilex formosana Maxim.

Ilex friburgensis Loes.

Ilex fruticosa S. Andrews

Ilex gabrielleana

Ilex glabella J. A. Steyermark

Ilex goshiensis Hayata

Ilex graciliflora Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex grandiflora Ridl.

Ilex hylonoma Hu & T. Tang

Ilex hypaneura Loes.

Ilex impressa Ekman & Loes.

Ilex jenmanii Loes.

Ilex khasiana Purakaystha

Ilex kingiana Cockerell

Ilex knucklesensis D. Philcox

Ilex krugiana Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex kunmingensis H. W. Li ex Y. R. Li

Ilex laurina Kunth

Ilex leucoclada Makino

Ilex liesneri J. A. Steyermark

Ilex liukiuensis Loes.

Ilex longipilosa J. A. Steyermark

Ilex marginata Edwin

Ilex microwrightioides Loesener

Ilex montana Torr. & A. Gray

Ilex nanchuanensis Z. M. Tan

Ilex neocaledonica Maxim.

Ilex ningdeensis C. J. Tseng

Ilex nitidissima C. J. Tseng

Ilex occulta C. J. Tseng

Ilex odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don

Ilex omeiensis Hu & T. Tang

Ilex paruensis J. A. Steyermark

Ilex perado Soland. ex Ait.

Ilex prostrata Groppo

Ilex pseudoebenacea Loes.

Ilex pseudotheezans Loes.

Ilex pubigera (C. Y Wu ex Y. R. Li) S. K. Chen & Y. X. Feng

Ilex pyrifolia C. J. Tseng

Ilex renae S. Andrews

Ilex revoluta Stapf

Ilex rockii S. Y. Hu

Ilex rupicola Kunth

Ilex schwackeana Loes.

Ilex sideroxyloides (Sw.) Griseb.

Ilex spruceana Reiss.

Ilex sterrophylla Merr. & Chun

Ilex steyermarkii Edwin

Ilex subodorata S. Y. Hu

Ilex sumatrana Loes.

Ilex tahanensis R. Kiew

Ilex tateana Steyerm.

Ilex tsangii S. Y. Hu

Ilex tsiangiana C. J. Tseng

Ilex umbellulata (Wall.) Loes.

Ilex uraiensis Yamam.

Ilex urbaniana Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex venosa C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex wenchowensis S. Y. Hu

Ilex wugongshanensis C. J. Tseng ex S. K. Chen & Y. X. Feng

Ilex yangchunensis C. J. Tseng

515 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Biota

Plantae

Tracheophyta

Magnoliopsida

Aquifoliales

Aquifoliaceae Bercht. & J. Presl

Ilex L. L.

Ilex aquifolium L. (this page)

Ilex abscondita Steyerm.

Ilex aculeolata Nakai

Ilex acutidenticulata Steyerm.

Ilex affinis Gardner

Ilex aggregata (Ruiz & Pav.) Loes.

Ilex altiplana Steyerm.

Ilex amazonensis Edwin

Ilex ambigua (Michx.) Elliott

Ilex amelanchier M. A. Curtis ex Chapm.

Ilex ampla I. M. Johnst.

Ilex amplifolia Rusby

Ilex andicola Loes.

Ilex angulata Merr. & Chun

Ilex angustissima Reissek

Ilex annamensis Tardieu

Ilex anodonta Standl. & Steyerm.

Ilex anomala Hook. & Arn.

Ilex antonii Elmer

Ilex apicidens N. E. Br.

Ilex apiculata Merr.

Ilex apiensis S. Andrews

Ilex aracamuniana Steyerm.

Ilex archboldiana Merr. & Perry

Ilex archeri Edwin

Ilex ardisiifrons Reissek

Ilex argentina Lillo

Ilex arimensis (Loes.) Britton ex R. O. Williams

Ilex arisanensis Yamam.

Ilex arnhemensis (F. Muell.) Loes.

Ilex asprella (Hook. & Arn.) Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex atabapoensis T. R. Dudley

Ilex auricula S. Andrews

Ilex austrosinensis C. J. Tseng

Ilex azuensis Loes.

Ilex baasiana B. C. Stone & Kiew

Ilex bahiahondica (Loes.) P. A. González

Ilex barahonica Loes.

Ilex bartlettii Merr.

Ilex belizensis Lundell

Ilex berteroi Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex bidens C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex bioritsensis Hayata

Ilex biserrulata Loes.

Ilex blancheana Judd

Ilex blanchetii Loes.

Ilex bogorensis Loes.

Ilex borneensis Loes.

Ilex brachyphylla (Hand.-Mazz.) S. Y. Hu

Ilex brandegeeana Loes.

Ilex brasiliensis (Spreng.) Loes.

Ilex brevicuspis Reissek

Ilex brevipedicellata Steyerm.

Ilex buergeri Miq.

Ilex bullata Cuatrec.

Ilex buxifolia Gardner

Ilex buxoides S. Y. Hu

Ilex calcicola W. B. Liao & K. W. Xu

Ilex canariensis Poir.

Ilex cardonae Steyerm.

Ilex casiquiarensis Loes.

Ilex cassine L.

Ilex cauliflora H. W. Li ex Y. R. Li

Ilex celebesiaca Loes.

Ilex centrochinensis S. Y. Hu

Ilex cerasifolia Reissek

Ilex chamaebuxus C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex chamaedryfolia Reissek

Ilex condensata Turcz.

Ilex condorensis Pierre

Ilex confertiflora Merr.

Ilex congesta Reissek

Ilex congonhinha Loes.

Ilex cookii Britton & P. Wilson

Ilex corallina Franch.

Ilex cornuta Lindl. & Paxton

Ilex costaricensis Donn. Sm.

Ilex costata Edwin

Ilex cowanii Wurdack

Ilex crassifolia Hook.

Ilex crassifolioides Loes.

Ilex crenata Thunb.

Ilex cubana Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex culminicola Steyerm.

Ilex cupreonitens C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex curranii Merr.

Ilex cuthbertii Small

Ilex cymosa Blume

Ilex cyrtura Merr.

Ilex dabieshanensis K. Yao & M. B. Deng

Ilex danielis Killip & Cuatrec.

Ilex daphnogenea Reissek

Ilex dasyclada C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex dasyphylla Merr.

Ilex davidsei Steyerm.

Ilex decidua Walter

Ilex dehongensis S. K. Chen & Y. X. Feng

Ilex delavayi Franch.

Ilex densifolia Miq.

Ilex denticulata Wall.

Ilex × attenuata Ashe

527 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Ilex aquifolium L. (this page)

Ilex aculeolata Nakai

Ilex amplifolia Rusby

Ilex apicidens N. E. Br.

Ilex apiensis S. Andrews

Ilex aquipernyi Gable ex Whittem.

Ilex archboldiana Merr. & Perry

Ilex archeri Edwin

Ilex asprella (Hook. & Arn.) Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex auricula S. Andrews

Ilex baasiana B. C. Stone & R. Kiew

Ilex biserrulata Loes.

Ilex blancheana W. S. Judd

Ilex brachyphylla (Hand.-Mazz.) S. Y. Hu

Ilex brasiliensis (Spreng.) Loes.

Ilex buxifolia Gardn.

Ilex casiquiarensis Loes.

Ilex cassine L.

Ilex cauliflora H. W. Li ex Y. R. Li

Ilex chingiana Hu & T. Tang

Ilex chuguangii M. M. Lin

Ilex chuniana S. Y. Hu

Ilex cinerea Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex clethriflora S. Andrews

Ilex collina Alexander

Ilex condensata Turcz.

Ilex congonhinha Loes.

Ilex cookii Britton & P. Wilson

Ilex corallina Franch.

Ilex crassifolia Hook.

Ilex densifolia Miq.

Ilex dipyrena Wall.

Ilex duarteensis Loes.

Ilex dumosa Reiss.

Ilex elmerrilliana S. Y. Hu

Ilex embelioides Hook. fil.

Ilex emmae D. M. Hicks

Ilex excavata Pierre

Ilex excelsa (Wall.) Hook. fil.

Ilex florifera Fawcett & Rendle

Ilex formosana Maxim.

Ilex friburgensis Loes.

Ilex fruticosa S. Andrews

Ilex gabrielleana

Ilex glabella J. A. Steyermark

Ilex goshiensis Hayata

Ilex graciliflora Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex grandiflora Ridl.

Ilex hylonoma Hu & T. Tang

Ilex hypaneura Loes.

Ilex impressa Ekman & Loes.

Ilex jenmanii Loes.

Ilex khasiana Purakaystha

Ilex kingiana Cockerell

Ilex knucklesensis D. Philcox

Ilex krugiana Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex kunmingensis H. W. Li ex Y. R. Li

Ilex laurina Kunth

Ilex leucoclada Makino

Ilex liesneri J. A. Steyermark

Ilex liukiuensis Loes.

Ilex longipilosa J. A. Steyermark

Ilex marginata Edwin

Ilex microwrightioides Loesener

Ilex montana Torr. & A. Gray

Ilex nanchuanensis Z. M. Tan

Ilex neocaledonica Maxim.

Ilex ningdeensis C. J. Tseng

Ilex nitidissima C. J. Tseng

Ilex occulta C. J. Tseng

Ilex odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don

Ilex omeiensis Hu & T. Tang

Ilex paruensis J. A. Steyermark

Ilex perado Soland. ex Ait.

Ilex prostrata Groppo

Ilex pseudoebenacea Loes.

Ilex pseudotheezans Loes.

Ilex pubigera (C. Y Wu ex Y. R. Li) S. K. Chen & Y. X. Feng

Ilex pyrifolia C. J. Tseng

Ilex renae S. Andrews

Ilex revoluta Stapf

Ilex rockii S. Y. Hu

Ilex rupicola Kunth

Ilex schwackeana Loes.

Ilex sideroxyloides (Sw.) Griseb.

Ilex spruceana Reiss.

Ilex sterrophylla Merr. & Chun

Ilex steyermarkii Edwin

Ilex subodorata S. Y. Hu

Ilex sumatrana Loes.

Ilex tahanensis R. Kiew

Ilex tateana Steyerm.

Ilex tsangii S. Y. Hu

Ilex tsiangiana C. J. Tseng

Ilex umbellulata (Wall.) Loes.

Ilex uraiensis Yamam.

Ilex urbaniana Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex venosa C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex wenchowensis S. Y. Hu

Ilex wugongshanensis C. J. Tseng ex S. K. Chen & Y. X. Feng

Ilex yangchunensis C. J. Tseng

513 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Life

Cellular Organisms

Eukaryota

Archaeplastida

Chloroplastida

Streptophyta

Embryophytes

Tracheophyta

Spermatophytes

Angiosperms

Eudicots

Superasterids

Asterids

Aquifoliales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex aquifolium L. (this page)

Ilex aculeolata Nakai

Ilex amplifolia Rusby

Ilex apicidens N. E. Br.

Ilex apiensis S. Andrews

Ilex aquipernyi Gable ex Whittem.

Ilex archboldiana Merr. & Perry

Ilex archeri Edwin

Ilex asprella (Hook. & Arn.) Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex auricula S. Andrews

Ilex baasiana B. C. Stone & R. Kiew

Ilex biserrulata Loes.

Ilex blancheana W. S. Judd

Ilex brachyphylla (Hand.-Mazz.) S. Y. Hu

Ilex brasiliensis (Spreng.) Loes.

Ilex buxifolia Gardn.

Ilex casiquiarensis Loes.

Ilex cassine L.

Ilex cauliflora H. W. Li ex Y. R. Li

Ilex chingiana Hu & T. Tang

Ilex chuguangii M. M. Lin

Ilex chuniana S. Y. Hu

Ilex cinerea Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex clethriflora S. Andrews

Ilex collina Alexander

Ilex condensata Turcz.

Ilex congonhinha Loes.

Ilex cookii Britton & P. Wilson

Ilex corallina Franch.

Ilex crassifolia Hook.

Ilex densifolia Miq.

Ilex dipyrena Wall.

Ilex duarteensis Loes.

Ilex dumosa Reiss.

Ilex elmerrilliana S. Y. Hu

Ilex embelioides Hook. fil.

Ilex emmae D. M. Hicks

Ilex excavata Pierre

Ilex excelsa (Wall.) Hook. fil.

Ilex florifera Fawcett & Rendle

Ilex formosana Maxim.

Ilex friburgensis Loes.

Ilex fruticosa S. Andrews

Ilex gabrielleana

Ilex glabella J. A. Steyermark

Ilex goshiensis Hayata

Ilex graciliflora Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex grandiflora Ridl.

Ilex hylonoma Hu & T. Tang

Ilex hypaneura Loes.

Ilex impressa Ekman & Loes.

Ilex jenmanii Loes.

Ilex khasiana Purakaystha

Ilex kingiana Cockerell

Ilex knucklesensis D. Philcox

Ilex krugiana Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex kunmingensis H. W. Li ex Y. R. Li

Ilex laurina Kunth

Ilex leucoclada Makino

Ilex liesneri J. A. Steyermark

Ilex liukiuensis Loes.

Ilex longipilosa J. A. Steyermark

Ilex marginata Edwin

Ilex microwrightioides Loesener

Ilex montana Torr. & A. Gray

Ilex nanchuanensis Z. M. Tan

Ilex neocaledonica Maxim.

Ilex ningdeensis C. J. Tseng

Ilex nitidissima C. J. Tseng

Ilex occulta C. J. Tseng

Ilex odorata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don

Ilex omeiensis Hu & T. Tang

Ilex paruensis J. A. Steyermark

Ilex perado Soland. ex Ait.

Ilex prostrata Groppo

Ilex pseudoebenacea Loes.

Ilex pseudotheezans Loes.

Ilex pubigera (C. Y Wu ex Y. R. Li) S. K. Chen & Y. X. Feng

Ilex pyrifolia C. J. Tseng

Ilex renae S. Andrews

Ilex revoluta Stapf

Ilex rockii S. Y. Hu

Ilex rupicola Kunth

Ilex schwackeana Loes.

Ilex sideroxyloides (Sw.) Griseb.

Ilex spruceana Reiss.

Ilex sterrophylla Merr. & Chun

Ilex steyermarkii Edwin

Ilex subodorata S. Y. Hu

Ilex sumatrana Loes.

Ilex tahanensis R. Kiew

Ilex tateana Steyerm.

Ilex tsangii S. Y. Hu

Ilex tsiangiana C. J. Tseng

Ilex umbellulata (Wall.) Loes.

Ilex uraiensis Yamam.

Ilex urbaniana Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex venosa C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex wenchowensis S. Y. Hu

Ilex wugongshanensis C. J. Tseng ex S. K. Chen & Y. X. Feng

Ilex yangchunensis C. J. Tseng

515 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Plantae

Tracheophyta

Magnoliopsida

Aquifoliales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex L.

Ilex aquifolium L. (this page)

Ilex aquifolium f. aquifolium

Ilex aquifolium f. arbutifolia Loesener

Ilex aquifolium var. aquifolium

Ilex aquifolium var. platyphylloides Christ

Ilex amazonensis Edwin

Ilex amelanchier M. A. Curtis ex Chapm.

Ilex anomala Hook. & Arn.

Ilex aquifolium × Ilex rugosa

Ilex arimensis Britton ex R. O. Williams

Ilex attenuata Ashe

Ilex buergeri Miq.

Ilex bullata Cuatrec.

Ilex buxifolia Gardner

Ilex buxoides S. Y. Hu

Ilex cardonae Steyerm.

Ilex cassine L.

Ilex collina Alexander

Ilex cookii Britton & P. Wilson

Ilex coriacea Chapm.

Ilex cornuta Lindl. & Paxton

Ilex crenata Thunb.

Ilex cupreonitens C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex curranii Merr.

Ilex cuthbertii Small

Ilex cuzcoana Loes.

Ilex cymosa Blume

Ilex cyrtura Merr.

Ilex dabieshanensis K. Yao & M. B. Deng

Ilex danielis Killip & Cuatrec.

Ilex daphnogenea Reissek

Ilex dasyclada C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex davidsei Steyerm.

Ilex decidua Walter

Ilex dehongensis S. K. Chen & Y. X. Feng

Ilex gabinetensis Cuatrec.

Ilex gabrielleana Loizeau & Spichiger

Ilex gagnepainiana Tardieu

Ilex gale Triana & Planch.

Ilex gardneriana Wight

Ilex geniculata Maxim.

Ilex georgei Comber

Ilex glabella Steyerm.

Ilex glabra A. Gray

Ilex glaucophylla Steyerm.

Ilex glazioviana Loes.

Ilex gleasoniana Steyerm.

Ilex glomerata King

Ilex goshiensis Hayata

Ilex gotardensis Loizeau & Spichiger

Ilex guianensis Kuntze

Ilex hypaneura Loes.

Ilex kiusiana Hatus.

Ilex knucklesensis Philcox

Ilex kobuskiana S. Y. Hu

Ilex kusanoi Hayata

Ilex kwangtungensis Merr.

Ilex laevigata A. Gray

Ilex lamprophylla Standl.

Ilex lancilimba Merr.

Ilex lasseri Edwin

Ilex latifrons Chun

Ilex longipes Chapm. ex Trelease

Ilex macfadyenii Rehder

Ilex microdonta Reissek

Ilex microphylla Hook.

Ilex micropyrena C. Y. Wu ex Y. R. Li

Ilex microsticta Loes.

Ilex microthyrsa Loesener ex Elmer

Ilex miguensis S. Y. Hu

Ilex mitis Radlk.

Ilex montana Torr. & A. Gray

Ilex nitida (Vahl) Maxim.

Ilex opaca Soland. ex Ait.

Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.

Ilex paruensis Steyerm.

Ilex parvifructa Edwin

Ilex patens Ridl.

Ilex pauciflora Ridl.

Ilex paucinervia Merr.

Ilex paujiensis Steyerm.

Ilex rockii S. Y. Hu

Ilex rubra S. Watson

Ilex rubrinervia Tardieu

Ilex rugulosa Huber ex Ducke

Ilex salicina Hand.-Mazz.

Ilex sapiiformis Reissek

Ilex sapotifolia Reissek

Ilex sarawaccensis Loes.

Ilex saxicola C. J. Tseng & H. H. Liu

Ilex scabridula Merr. & L. M. Perry

Ilex schlechteri Loes.

Ilex schwackeana Loes.

Ilex sclerophylla Hook. fil.

Ilex sclerophylloides Loes.

Ilex sideroxyloides Griseb.

Ilex tiricae Edwin

Ilex tonii Lundell

Ilex tonkinensis Pierre

Ilex toroidea D. M. Hicks

Ilex trachyphylla Loes.

Ilex trichocarpa H. W. Li ex Y. R. Li

Ilex verticillata A. Gray

Ilex volkensiana (Loes.) Kaneh. & Hatus.

Ilex vomitoria Aiton

609 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Plantae

Viridiplantae

Streptophyta

Embryophyta

Tracheophyta

Spermatophytina

Magnoliopsida

Asteranae

Aquifoliales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex L.

Ilex aquifolium L. (this page)

Ilex ambigua (Michx.) Torr.

Ilex amelanchier M. A. Curtis ex Chapm.

Ilex anomala Hook. & Arn.

Ilex arimensis (Loes.) Britton ex R. O. Williams

Ilex buergeri Miq.

Ilex cassine L.

Ilex collina Alexander

Ilex cookii Britton & P. Wilson

Ilex coriacea (Pursh) Chapm.

Ilex cornuta Lindl. & Paxton

Ilex crenata Thunb.

Ilex cuthbertii Small

Ilex decidua Walter

Ilex glabra (L.) A. Gray

Ilex goshiensis Hayata

Ilex guianensis (Aubl.) Kuntze

Ilex hypaneura Loes.

Ilex krugiana Loes.

Ilex laevigata (Pursh) A. Gray

Ilex longipes Chapm. ex Trel.

Ilex macfadyenii (Walp.) Rehder

Ilex montana Torr. & A. Gray ex A. Gray

Ilex mucronata (L.) Powell, Savol. & Andrews

Ilex myrtifolia Walter

Ilex nitida (Vahl) Maxim.

Ilex obcordata Sw.

Ilex opaca Aiton

Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.

Ilex pedunculosa Miq.

Ilex rotunda Thunb.

Ilex sideroxyloides (Sw.) Griseb.

Ilex sugerokii Maxim.

Ilex urbaniana Loes.

Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray

Ilex volkensiana (Loes.) Kaneh. & Hatus.

Ilex vomitoria Aiton

Ilex × attenuata Ashe

root

cellular organisms

Eukaryota

Viridiplantae

Streptophyta

Streptophytina

Embryophyta

Tracheophyta

Euphyllophyta

Spermatophyta

Magnoliopsida

Mesangiospermae

eudicotyledons

Gunneridae

Pentapetalae

asterids

campanulids

Aquifoliales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex spinigera (this page)

Ilex aculeolata

Ilex affinis

Ilex amara

Ilex ambigua

Ilex argentina

Ilex arimensis

Ilex asperula

Ilex asprella

Ilex bioritsensis

Ilex buxifolia

Ilex cassine

Ilex centrochinensis

Ilex chamaebuxus

Ilex chapaensis

Ilex chieniana

Ilex chinensis

Ilex cinerea

Ilex cissoidea

Ilex cochinchinensis

Ilex colchica

Ilex collina

Ilex confertiflora

Ilex conocarpa

Ilex corallina

Ilex coriacea

Ilex cornuta

Ilex cumulicola

Ilex cymosa

Ilex cyrtura

Ilex dabieshanensis

Ilex dipyrena

Ilex discolor

Ilex dugesii

Ilex elmerrilliana

Ilex excelsa

Ilex fargesii

Ilex fragilis

Ilex geniculata

Ilex georgei

Ilex glabra

Ilex guianensis

Ilex hainanensis

Ilex havilandii

Ilex hayatana

Ilex hippocrateoides

Ilex hirsuta

Ilex hookeri

Ilex hylonoma

Ilex integerrima

Ilex intricata

Ilex kaushue

Ilex kinabaluensis

Ilex kingiana

Ilex kusanoi

Ilex laevigata

Ilex latifrons

Ilex laurina

Ilex leucoclada

Ilex liebmannii

Ilex lihuaensis

Ilex litseifolia

Ilex lohfauensis

Ilex longipes

Ilex lonicerifolia

Ilex lundii

Ilex macfadyenii

Ilex macrocarpa

Ilex macrophylla

Ilex maingayi

Ilex memecylifolia

Ilex microdonta

Ilex montana

Ilex mucronata

Ilex mucronulata

Ilex myrtifolia

Ilex nanchuanensis

Ilex nervulosa

Ilex nipponica

Ilex nitida

Ilex nothofagifolia

Ilex obcordata

Ilex opaca

Ilex oppositifolia

Ilex paraguariensis

Ilex pentagona

Ilex polyneura

Ilex pubescens

Ilex purpurea

Ilex repanda

Ilex retusa

Ilex revoluta

Ilex rubra

Ilex rupicola

Ilex shennongjiaensis

Ilex spicata

Ilex suaveolens

Ilex tutcheri

Ilex uraiensis

Ilex × attenuata

Ilex × makinoi

115 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

root

cellular organisms

Eukaryota

Viridiplantae

Streptophyta

Streptophytina

Embryophyta

Tracheophyta

Euphyllophyta

Spermatophyta

Magnoliopsida

Mesangiospermae

eudicotyledons

Gunneridae

Pentapetalae

asterids

campanulids

Aquifoliales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex aquifolium (this page)

Ilex aculeolata

Ilex affinis

Ilex amara

Ilex ambigua

Ilex argentina

Ilex arimensis

Ilex asperula

Ilex asprella

Ilex bioritsensis

Ilex buxifolia

Ilex cassine

Ilex centrochinensis

Ilex chamaebuxus

Ilex chapaensis

Ilex chieniana

Ilex chinensis

Ilex cinerea

Ilex cissoidea

Ilex cochinchinensis

Ilex colchica

Ilex collina

Ilex confertiflora

Ilex conocarpa

Ilex corallina

Ilex coriacea

Ilex cornuta

Ilex cumulicola

Ilex cymosa

Ilex cyrtura

Ilex dabieshanensis

Ilex dipyrena

Ilex discolor

Ilex dugesii

Ilex elmerrilliana

Ilex excelsa

Ilex fargesii

Ilex fragilis

Ilex geniculata

Ilex georgei

Ilex glabra

Ilex guianensis

Ilex hainanensis

Ilex havilandii

Ilex hayatana

Ilex hippocrateoides

Ilex hirsuta

Ilex hookeri

Ilex hylonoma

Ilex integerrima

Ilex intricata

Ilex kaushue

Ilex kinabaluensis

Ilex kingiana

Ilex kusanoi

Ilex laevigata

Ilex latifrons

Ilex laurina

Ilex leucoclada

Ilex liebmannii

Ilex lihuaensis

Ilex litseifolia

Ilex lohfauensis

Ilex longipes

Ilex lonicerifolia

Ilex lundii

Ilex macfadyenii

Ilex macrocarpa

Ilex macrophylla

Ilex maingayi

Ilex memecylifolia

Ilex microdonta

Ilex montana

Ilex mucronata

Ilex mucronulata

Ilex myrtifolia

Ilex nanchuanensis

Ilex nervulosa

Ilex nipponica

Ilex nitida

Ilex nothofagifolia

Ilex obcordata

Ilex opaca

Ilex oppositifolia

Ilex paraguariensis

Ilex pentagona

Ilex polyneura

Ilex pubescens

Ilex purpurea

Ilex repanda

Ilex retusa

Ilex revoluta

Ilex rubra

Ilex rupicola

Ilex shennongjiaensis

Ilex spicata

Ilex suaveolens

Ilex tutcheri

Ilex uraiensis

Ilex × attenuata

Ilex × makinoi

115 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Biota

Eukaryota

Plantae

Viridiplantae

Embryophyta

Tracheophyta

Spermatophytina

Magnoliophyta

Magnoliopsida

Magnoliidae

Rosanae

Celastrales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex aquifolium

Ilex aquifolium Aureomarginata (this page)

Ilex aquifolium f. albopicta

Ilex aquifolium f. aureopicta

Biota

Eukaryota

Plantae

Viridiplantae

Embryophyta

Tracheophyta

Spermatophytina

Magnoliophyta

Magnoliopsida

Magnoliidae

Rosanae

Celastrales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex aquifolium (this page)

Ilex aquifolium Aureomarginata

Ilex aquifolium f. albopicta

Ilex aquifolium f. aureopicta

IIndosasa glabrata var. albohispidula

Ilex amara

Ilex angulata

Ilex asprella

Ilex atrata

Ilex bidens

Ilex bidoupensis

Ilex bioritsensis

Ilex buxoides

Ilex centrochinensis

Ilex championii

Ilex confertiflora

Ilex cornuta

Ilex cyrtura

Ilex dasyclada

Ilex dasyphylla

Ilex dehongensis

Ilex dicarpa

Ilex dipyrena

Ilex editicostata

Ilex elmerrilliana

Ilex estriata

Ilex ficoidea

Ilex formosana

Ilex franchetiana

Ilex gingtungensis

Ilex glomerata

Ilex godajam

Ilex goshiensis

Ilex guangnanensis

Ilex hainanensis

Ilex hayatana

Ilex hongiaoensis

Ilex intermedia

Ilex jiangmenensis

Ilex jiuwanshanensis

Ilex kaushue

Ilex kiangsiensis

Ilex kobuskiana

Ilex kunmingensis

Ilex kusanoi

Ilex kwangtungensis

Ilex lancilimba

Ilex liana

Ilex liangii

Ilex limii

Ilex litseaefolia

Ilex lonicerifolia

Ilex ludianensis

Ilex macrocarpa

Ilex macropoda

Ilex macrostigma

Ilex marlipoensis

Ilex maximowicziana

Ilex melanophylla

Ilex melanotricha

Ilex metabaptista

Ilex micrococca

Ilex micropyrena

Ilex nanchuanensis

Ilex nanningensis

Ilex ningdeensis

Ilex nitidissima

Ilex nothofagifolia

Ilex nubicola

Ilex nuculicava

Ilex omeiensis

Ilex pedunculosa

Ilex pentagona

Ilex perado

Ilex pingheensis

Ilex pingnanensis

Ilex polyneura

Ilex polypyrena

Ilex pseudomachilifolia

Ilex pubescens

Ilex pubigera

Ilex pubilimba

Ilex pyrifolia

Ilex qingyuanensis

Ilex rarasamensis

Ilex retusifolia

Ilex revoluta

Ilex salicina

Ilex sinica

Ilex sterrophylla

Ilex subcrenata

Ilex subficoidea

Ilex sublongecaudata

Ilex subodorata

Ilex subrugosa

Ilex synpyrena

Ilex triflora

Ilex umbellulata

Ilex vomitoria

Ilex wangiana

Ilex wattii

Ilex wilsonii

Ilex xiaojinensis

Ilex yunnanensis

639 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Biota

Eukaryota

Plantae

Viridiplantae

Embryophyta

Tracheophyta

Spermatophytina

Magnoliophyta

Magnoliopsida

Magnoliidae

Rosanae

Celastrales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex heterophylla (this page)

IIndosasa glabrata var. albohispidula

Ilex amara

Ilex angulata

Ilex asprella

Ilex atrata

Ilex bidens

Ilex bidoupensis

Ilex bioritsensis

Ilex buxoides

Ilex centrochinensis

Ilex championii

Ilex confertiflora

Ilex cornuta

Ilex cyrtura

Ilex dasyclada

Ilex dasyphylla

Ilex dehongensis

Ilex dicarpa

Ilex dipyrena

Ilex editicostata

Ilex elmerrilliana

Ilex estriata

Ilex ficoidea

Ilex formosana

Ilex franchetiana

Ilex gingtungensis

Ilex glomerata

Ilex godajam

Ilex goshiensis

Ilex guangnanensis

Ilex hainanensis

Ilex hayatana

Ilex hongiaoensis

Ilex intermedia

Ilex jiangmenensis

Ilex jiuwanshanensis

Ilex kaushue

Ilex kiangsiensis

Ilex kobuskiana

Ilex kunmingensis

Ilex kusanoi

Ilex kwangtungensis

Ilex lancilimba

Ilex liana

Ilex liangii

Ilex limii

Ilex litseaefolia

Ilex lonicerifolia

Ilex ludianensis

Ilex macrocarpa

Ilex macropoda

Ilex macrostigma

Ilex marlipoensis

Ilex maximowicziana

Ilex melanophylla

Ilex melanotricha

Ilex metabaptista

Ilex micrococca

Ilex micropyrena

Ilex nanchuanensis

Ilex nanningensis

Ilex ningdeensis

Ilex nitidissima

Ilex nothofagifolia

Ilex nubicola

Ilex nuculicava

Ilex omeiensis

Ilex pedunculosa

Ilex pentagona

Ilex perado

Ilex pingheensis

Ilex pingnanensis

Ilex polyneura

Ilex polypyrena

Ilex pseudomachilifolia

Ilex pubescens

Ilex pubigera

Ilex pubilimba

Ilex pyrifolia

Ilex qingyuanensis

Ilex rarasamensis

Ilex retusifolia

Ilex revoluta

Ilex salicina

Ilex sinica

Ilex sterrophylla

Ilex subcrenata

Ilex subficoidea

Ilex sublongecaudata

Ilex subodorata

Ilex subrugosa

Ilex synpyrena

Ilex triflora

Ilex umbellulata

Ilex vomitoria

Ilex wangiana

Ilex wattii

Ilex wilsonii

Ilex xiaojinensis

Ilex yunnanensis

639 additional siblings truncated for brevity.

See the resource file for a full list.

Biota

Eukaryota

Plantae

Viridiplantae

Embryophyta

Tracheophyta

Spermatophytina

Magnoliophyta

Magnoliopsida

Magnoliidae

Rosanae

Celastrales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex aquifolium

Ilex aquifolium f. albopicta (this page)

Ilex aquifolium Aureomarginata

Ilex aquifolium f. aureopicta

Biota

Eukaryota

Plantae

Viridiplantae

Embryophyta

Tracheophyta

Spermatophytina

Magnoliophyta

Magnoliopsida

Magnoliidae

Rosanae

Celastrales

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex

Ilex aquifolium

Ilex aquifolium f. aureopicta (this page)

Ilex aquifolium Aureomarginata

Ilex aquifolium f. albopicta

English Holly

Ilex aquifolium L.

Scientific Names

Preferred Names

Alternative Names

Common Names

English

Arabic

Armenian

Asturian

Azerbaijani

Basque

Belarusian

Breton

Catalan; Valencian

Chinese

Corsican

Croatian

Czech

Danish

Dutch; Flemish

Esperanto

Estonian

Finnish

French

Galician

German

Hebrew

Hungarian

Icelandic

Japanese

Kabyle

Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish

Lithuanian

Macedonian

Norwegian

Occitan (post 1500)

Persian

Polish

Portuguese

Quechua

Russian

Sardinian

Slovak

Spanish; Castilian

Swedish

Ukrainian

Welsh

Arz

Pt Br

Stq

Yue

Zea

Zh Cn

Zh Hans

Zh Hant

Zh Hk

Zh Tw

Curated hierarchies for Ilex aquifolium L.

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy April 2022

Catalogue of Life 26 March 2024

Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2.3 - Test

EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 1.1

GBIF classification

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Hierarchy

NCBI

NCBI

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz

wikidata_hierarchy tar gz