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Polyporus ciliatus Fr., syn.: Polyporus lepideus Fr.Fringed Polypore, DE: Maiporling, Bewinperter PorlingSlo.: etinasti luknjiarDat.: May 3. 2016Lat.: 46.35972 Long.: 13.70797Code: Bot_953/2016_DSC1784Habitat: Young riparian forest, Picea abies and Salix eleagnos dominant trees, next to a river; flat terrain occasionally flooded during high water levels of the river, calcareous, young alluvial ground; in shade, humid ground and air; partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 530 m (1.740 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen trunk of an old Salix eleagnos mostly not in direct contact with ground, still in bark, moss covered, in the late disintegration phase.Place: Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soa, between villages Soa and Trenta, next to the farm house Otokar, Trenta 4, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: According to its species name Polyporus ciliatus should have distinctly fringed edge of the pileus. However, this was barely so with this find. Apparently this trait is not very reliable. However, very small pores, barely seen by naked eye (6 pores/mm measured) and appearance in spring clearly distinct it from very similar Polyporus brumalis.About 50 pilei found on two places. Growing solitary and in groups, occasionally two fruitbodies confluent at the base of the stipe; pilei diameter from 35 to 70 mm, pore layer thin, up to 3 mm; stipe 3 - 5 cm long, 4 - 6 mm in diameter, equal and somewhat thicker at the base; pilei surprisingly sturdy, quite hard to cut and chew; smell mild, pleasant, mushroomy; taste distinct, mushroomy, somewhat unpleasant; SP abundant, whitish-light beige, oac851.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 5,4 [6 ; 6,2] 6,8 x 1,8 [2,1 ; 2,2] 2,5 microns; Q = 2,4 [2,8 ; 2,9] 3,3; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 6,1 x 2,1 microns; Qe = 2,9. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora (2014), p 357. (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 326. (3) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 460. (4) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 510. (5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 609.
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Ganoderma resinaceum Boud.Lacquered Bracket, DE: Harziger LackporlingSlo.: smolena poloenkaDat.: Aug. 23. 2015Lat.: 46.36092 Long.: 13.70162Code: Bot_908/2015_DSC8633Habitat: Alpine pasture; moderately incline mountain slope; southeast aspect; calcareous, stony, colluvial ground; shallow soil layer; full sun, dry and relatively warm place; exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 625 m (2.050 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: at the base of dead stump of a stand alone, cut down, mostly decorticated Ostrya carpinifolia.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, 'Na melu' place, near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: According to keys of genus Ganoderma published in Ryvarden (2014) and Bernicchia (2005) this find fits well to Ganoderma resinaceum. It has distinctly stipitate pileus, continuous, partly shiny and reddish-brown (not dark brown and dull as with Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma australe) resinous crust, which first melts and then burns with a yellow flame when heated at the tip of a knife in the flame of a match and a darker line in context just above tube layer. However, some traits not mentioned in the keys pose problems. The context color doesn't seem to correspond well to the descriptions in Ryvarden (2014) and Krieglsteiner (2000) ('pale grayish-brown') and Bernicchia (2005) ('brown, red-brown'). The find was found on dead stump of Ostrya carpinifolia (host species not listed as a possible substrate in the literature available to me) while Ganoderma resinaceum is known from live deciduous trees. Measured spores are slightly too long and too wide in average compared to most published data (the only exception is Ref.: 4). Their width fits better to similar Ganoderma pfeifferi, which is apparently always sessile and never stipitate. Measured spore dimensions actually fit perfectly to Ganoderma carnosum, which is, however, know only from conifers. Also the habitat of the find seems strange. Ganoderma resinaceum is usually found in parks, roadsides, seldom in woods. All this makes my determination uncertain to some extent.Growing solitary; pileus dimensions 10 x 8 cm; oozing reddish droplets when cut, pore layer bruising brown when handled; trama fibrous-corky and very firm, difficult to cut even with a ceramic knife; taste bitter, smell distinctive, pleasant, a kind of mushroomy; SP faint, possibly brown. Spores brown, rough, thick (double) walled. Dimensions: 11.4 [12.2 ; 12.6] 13.5 x 6.9 [7.5 ; 7.8] 8.5 microns; Q = 1.4 [1.6 ; 1.7] 1.8; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 12.4 x 7.7 microns; Qe = 1.6. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) L. Ryvarden, I. Melo, Poroid fungi of Europe, Synopsis Fungorum 31., Fungiflora A/S (2014), p 191. (2) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 238. (3) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 427. (4) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 332. (5) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 486.
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Ganoderma applanatumArtist's Bracket, Artist's Conk Slo.: debela poloenkaDat.: Sept. 26. 2011Lat.: 46.34048 Long.: 13.56128Code: Bot_556/2011_IMG6787Habitat: Broadleaf wood edge, in marsh ticket, flat terrain, flysh bedrock, in half shade, very humid place, exposed to precipitations, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 450 m (1.500 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: Slightly rotten log still in bark, on ground of a cut down large broadleaf tree, most probably Salix sp...Place: Bovec basin, east of a small marsh near Mala vas settlement, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Several conks on this log, all apparently young sporocarps, approximate dimensions: length 12 cm, width 7 cm, thickness 3 cm, smell pleasant mushroomy, flesh corky yet still dump, upper cortex thickness about 0.5 mm, SP at home faint of unrecognizable color but abundant at the original place (see pictures), instantly bruising brown.Spores finely ornamented. Dimensions: 8.5 (SD = 0.6) x 5.6 (SD = 0.3) micr., Q = 1.52 (SD = 0.12), n = 28. Ref.:(1) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 232. (2)
www.mycobank.org/MycoTaxo.aspx?Link=T&Rec=314302 . (3) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrzzembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 419. (4) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 306. (5)
www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~5940~sou... . (6) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrzzembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 419. up to 8.5(9.5) long
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Laricifomes officinalis (Vill.) Kotl. & Pouzar, syn.: Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill.) Bondartsev & SingerEN: Quinine fungus, Larch fungus, DE: Lrchenschwamm, Apotheker-, PurgierschwammSlo.: mecesnova kresiljaa, mecesnova gobaDat.: Aug. 18. 2018Lat.: 46.4 Long.: 13.5 (coordinates are approximate only)Not published: Lat.: 46,46876 Long.: 13,51858Code: Bot_1080/2017_DSC8580Picture file names: from Laricifomes-officinalis_raw_1 to Laricifomes-officinalis_raw_6.Habitat: Old Larix decidua stands; steep mountain slope, north aspect; partly sunny; calcareous, skeletal ground; average precipitations about 2.000 -2.500 mm/year, elevation 1.750 m (5.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: old Larix decidua tree.Place: Zajzera (Valbruna valley), West Julian Alps, FriuliVenezia Giulia, Italy EC.Not published: Mont Kamniti Lovec, 2.071 m (6.795 feet) mountain group; northwest of the pick; above the dirt road from village Ovja vas (Valbruna) to Svete Viarje (Borgo Lussari), near mountain trail 617, West Julian Alps, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy EC. Comments: Laricifomes officinalis is a rare, endangered and protected species in Slovenia as well as in most of Europe. In the Slovenian fungi data base (Ref.: 6) only three occurrences are stated. However, lately more of them have become known (Ref.: 3), yet, still not much more than ten to fifteen. The fungus is more frequent in North America and North and Far East Asia. The main reason that it almost disappeared from Europe seems intensive collection of its fruit bodies. Laricifomes officinalis is a famous medical fungus having almost miraculous healing properties, known to men for millennia. Antibiotic activities and antiviral activity of the fruiting body is scientifically proven. It is particularly respected in China and Japan. No wander, it was collected by individuals as well as commercially for pharmaceutical industry without limits. Its main substance is agaricin, which is nowadays produced synthetically. This released the pressure to collect it greatly at least from the commercial side. However, apart from agaricin the fungus contains several other biologically active compounds like carotenoids, sterols, unsaturated fatty acids, bioflavonoids and vitamins of B, P, E and A groups (Ref.: 5). That is probably the reason that individual collectors still endanger the species. For example, in Slovenia, after publishing some of newly found locations of the fungus in 2011 several of them have been vandalized in relatively short time.In Europe Laricifomes officinalis grows exclusively on very large and old Larix decidua trees (in America also on other conifers). Such trees have become very rare. They still grow on hardly accessible places in the mountains near tree level where human impact on nature is still at minimum. Scarcity of adequate substratum additionally contributes to sharp decline of Laricifomes officinalis. Successful experiments how to artificially inoculate healthy Larix decidua trees with its mycelium and how to grow it in an artificial media are reported (Ref. 4, 5). This may eventually help in preservation of this species from extinction. It's surprising that Index Fungorum and MycoBank still keep Fomitopsis officinalis as a 'current' name of this fungus in spite of several molecular studies made between 2005 and 2016, which all have proven that Laricifomes officinalis forms a separate lineage distant from Fomitopsis and represents a separate monophyletic genus (Ref.: 8).Listed in: Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih vrstah gliv, Uradni list RS, t. 58/2011 (Regulation of protected wild fungi, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, no. 58/2011), (2011). On Rdei seznam gliv v Sloveniji, Uradni list RS (Red list of fungi of Slovenia, Offitial Gazerte of Republic Slovenia), t./no. 42/2010 z dne/from 28. 5. 2010, marked by "E" representing a critically endangered species.Ref.: (1) Fungus found by and personal communication with Dr. Igor Dakskobler, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. (2) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2., Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 316. (3) I. Dakskobler, A. Selikar, G. Podgornik, Razirjenost in ekologija vrste Laricifomes officinalis (Vill.) Kotl. & Pouzar v Julijskih Alpah (Slovenija) (Distribution and ecology of Laricifomes officinalis (Vill.) Kotl. & Pouzar in the Julian Alps Slovenia), GozdV 69. 3 (2011); available at:
www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:DOC-5ITWR4MN/?query=%27con... (accessed Nov. 12. 2018)(4) A. Gregori1, B. Pikur , M. Gregori, D. Jurc, Spread of the fungus Fomitopsis officinalis inoculated in stems of living larch in Slovenia; available at:
pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7f72/90c2031ddc886158844d564b331... (accessed Nov. 18. 2018)(5) M. L. Sidorenko and V. A. Semal, Production of Submerged Mycelium of Laricifomes officinalis (Vill) Kotl. et Pouzar, World Applied Sciences Journal 23 (5), (2013), p 685; available at:
pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c761/ac8d3bf3ece6ba1fe8b7390394a... (accessed Nov. 17. 2018). (6) N. Ogris (ed), Boletus informaticus, Slovenian Forestry Institute
www.zdravgozd.si/bi_index.aspx (accessed Nov. 17. 2018)(7) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 222.(8) Mei-Ling Han, Yuan Yuan Chen, Lu-Lu Shen, Jie Song, Josef Vlask, Yu-Cheng Dai, Bao-Kai Cui, Taxonomy and phylogeny of the brown-rot fungi: Fomitopsis and its related genera, Fungal diversity (2016).
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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Daedaleopsis tricolor (Bull.) Fr., Mycol. eur. (Erlanga) 3: 12 (1828), syn.: Daedaleopsis confragosa var. tricolorBlushing BracketSlo.: tribarvna zvitocevkaDat.: Feb. 22. 2011Lat.: 46.33221 Long.: 13.50689Code: Bot_489/2011_IMG3717 Habitat: Harwood forest, almost flat calcareous terrain, northeast oriented, humid place, in shade, partly protected from direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 480 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: fallen rotten thick branch of Corylus avellana. Place: Bovec basin, ravine below Srnica cave, at the foot of Mr. Kopa, 1.439 m (4.721 feet), East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing gregariously, fruitbody diameter up to 8 cm (3,2 inch), flesh hard. Dry and dead fruitbodies.Ref.:(1) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 195.
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Also known as Hen-of-the-woods, Ram's Head, Sheep's Head, and Signorina mushroomMeripilaceae Native to the northeastern part of Japan and North AmericaAn edible and medicinal mushroomSan Francisco, California
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Worcester Wildlife Trust Monkwood. Worcs.rare fungi i.d from British Mycological Society
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Vasterbotten, Sweden
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Trametes ochracea, syn.: Trametes multicolorSlo.: klobuasta ploskocevkaDat.: Jan. 5. 2012Lat.: 46.34538 Long.: 13.5643Code: Bot_587/2012_DSC2128 Habitat: South inclined mountain slope, broadleaf forest, calcareous ground, quite humid but relatively warm place, mostly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 540 m (1.750 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead, hanging (not lying on ground), thick branch of Corylus avellana; Tremella mesenterica and Panellus stipticus also present.Place: Bovec basin, at the foot of Mt. ukla, below Ravni Laz place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing in group of several pilei. Pileus across up to 5.5 cm (2.2 inch) by 4.3 cm (1.7 inch) and up to 15 mm thick (0.7 inch). Smell faint, unpleasant, acid, taste indistinctive. Flesh soft, leathery, and bendable. SP whitish, faint. Cups zonate, beige/ pail brown (oac 777), with somewhat darker brownish strips (oac748) and white margin, hymenium whitish-light ocher (oac857).Spore dimensions: 6.6 (SD = 0.5) x 2.6 (SD = 0.2) micr., Q = 2.6 (SD = 0.22), n = 30. Ref.: (1) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 588. (2) A.Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei, Vol.10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 534. (3)
www.mycobank.org/mycotaxo.aspx .
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Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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Steccherinum bourdotiiDat.: Jan. 05. 2012 Lat.: 46.34676 Long.: 13.56571Code: Bot_587/2012_DSC2154 Habitat: At the side of a group of Pinus nigra trees, south oriented mountain slope, fairly sunny and relatively warm place, calcareous ground, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 600 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: Dead stump of a cut down deciduous tree (possibly Ostrya carpinifolia) mostly still in bark and partly covered with mosses, also heavily infected with Trametes versicolor (as effuse-reflexed to pileate form), however fungus spread also to pieces of fallen off bark, herbaceous plant roots and old leaf petioles (as a resupinated form).Place: Bovec basin, at the foot of Mt. ukla, Ravni Laz place, above the dirt road to Plajerjeva skala, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Subglobose to ovate and significantly larger spores (see spore measurements chart), smaller diameter pseudocystidia, conical and longer than 1 mm aculei (see Ref.:(2)) distinguish this observation from more frequent Steccherinum ochraceum well. All forms from pure resupinated to distinctly pileate present. Caps of pileate form zonate, up to 14 mm wide and 12 mm off the substrate, often confluent up to 2 mm thick, context thin, upper side beige-pink with some brown strips and green (algae?), with thin whitish margin. Hymenium aculei up to 1.5 mm long, mostly conical, ocher-pink (oac764); hymenium in resupinated form with white edge. Smell indistinctive on soil and rottenness. SP whitish. Spores smooth, subglobose to ovate, dimensions: 4.4 (SD = 0.3) x 3.7 (SD = 0.2) micr., Q = 1.21 (SD = 0.07), n = 30. Ref.:(1) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 327.(2) A.Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceae s.i., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp 624. (3)
aphyllopower.blogspot.com/2008/06/steccherinum-bourdotii-..., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), pp628. (3) J.Breitenbach, F.Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.1. Verlag Mykologia (1984).
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Titusville, Florida, United States
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SU007939. Clattinger Farm Reserve. Wiltshire.
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Pycnoporellus fulgens (Fr.) Donk 1971, syn.: Hydnum fulgens Fr., Polyporus fibrillosus KarstDE: Leuchtende Weichporling, Leuchtende Orangeporling, Oranger Nadelholz-Porling Slo.: bliskov gostoluknjiarDat.: Sept. 25. 2014Lat.: 46.36077 Long.: 13.71082Habitat: a small opening (under power lines) in mixed wood; Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica dominant trees; old overgrown river deposits, flat terrain, calcareous ground, an open place but not much sun because of a high mountain southeast of the place, high air humidity; moderately humid ground, exposed to direct rain, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevation 550 m (1.800 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead, fallen Picea abies log, partly still in bark, lying on ground.Place: Lower Trenta valley, left bank of river Soa, slightly upstream of farmhouse 'Otokar', Trenta 4, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This find was initially determined (with reservations, spore dimensions and substrate definitely did not fit) as Abortiporus biennis. Based on discussion on MO (Ref.: 1) the determination was corrected to Pycnoporellus fulgens. The new determination solves the problems with spore dimensions and substratum.Pycnoporellus fulgens is a rare continental species in Europe apparently restricted to the natural area of Picea abies and distinctly restricted to old forests with high continuity (Ref.: 2). It is more frequent in North America and Canada. It appears that during last decades it shifts its main distribution area from northern regions to southern. Also it seems that its occurrence is increasing, at least in Switzerland (Ref.: 4. and 5.). Growing in a group of about ten pilei; pilei applanate to slightly effused-reflexed, broadly attached; semicircular to slightly dimidiate, soft, but solid and pliant, with softer, wet surface; pilei dimensions: up to 10 cm wide, projecting up to 6 cm off the substratum and up to 1.8 cm thick; distinct lateral stipe absent; pore layer up to 6 mm thick; pore surface slowly discolors to pale brown-red when handled; 5% KOH reaction on trama and pileus surface instant, strong, dark purple red; on pore layer brick red; smell none, taste at the beginning mildly mushroomy later somewhat unpleasant; SP whitish-yellowish, oac909. Several Fomitopsis pinicola pilei were also present on the same log, which is characteristic too for Pycnoporellus fulgens (Ref.: 4).Protected according to Uredba o zavarovanih prostoiveih vrstah gliv, Uradni list RS, t. 58/2011 (Regulation of protected wild fungi, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, no. 58/2011), (2011). on red list Ref.:(1) Id'ed by Susanne Sourell (suse) on Mushroom Observer. See MO observation #185610.(2) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, part 2., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1993), p 593. (3) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceae s.l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 478. (4) B. Senn-Irlet, Der Leuchtende Weichporling - eine Piltzart auf dem Vormarsch, Wald und Holz, 11/05, WSL, Switzerland, p 34.(5) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 573.
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Booraan, Western Australia, Australia
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Chicken of the Woods (Polyporus sulphureus)
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Castel Fusano, Lazio, Italy
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Vsterbottens Ln, Sverige
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Irpex lacteus (Fr.; Fr.) Fr. Elench. Fung. p145, 1828, syn.: Sistotrema lacteum Fr.Milk-white toothed polypore, DE: Milchweisser EggenpilzSlo.: belkasti rapovecDat.: Feb. 23. 2014Lat.: 46.35947 Long.: 13.70424Code: Bot_784/2014_DSC0038File names: from Irpex-lacteus_raw_1.xxx to Irpex-lacteus_raw_8.xxx.andDat.: Feb. 27. 2014Lat.: 46.35947 Long.: 13.70424Code: Bot_786/2014_DSC0132File names: from Irpex-lacteus_raw_10.xxx to Irpex-lacteus_raw_11.xxx.Habitat: alpine valley, an opening in mixed forest with predominantly Fagus sylvatica followed by Picea abies; modestly inclined southeast oriented mountain slope, overgrown calcareous ground composed of scree, rocks and boulders; mostly in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 560 m (1.950 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: cut down trunk of Fagus sylvatica lying on ground, in its late initial phase of integration; the trunk was massively infected also with Trametes hirsutum.Place: Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soa and Trenta, right bank of river Soa, near 'Na melu' place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: fruit body mostly resupinated but also effused-reflexed; very large, about 1.5 m x 20 cm, about 2-3 mm thick, context thinner than pore layer; small 'pilei' up to 8(12) mm off the substrate; hymenophore with initially distinctly irregular angular, almost labyrinthine pores soon becomes irpiciform to hydnoid (compare Figs. 8. and 10.); smell indistinctive, taste initially indistinctive, after some time slightly unpleasant; 5% KOH reaction on context and pore layer mild, color changed to somewhat darker ocher-beige; SP abundant, white-yellowish with a slight green tint, oac014. No hypha clamps have been observed. All observed traits fit well to expectations for Irpex lacteus except cystidia. The fact that I haven't found conspicuously encrusted cystidia puzzles me.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 5.1 [5.9 ; 6.2] 7.1 x 2.5 [2.8 ; 2.9] 3.2 microns, Q = 1.9 [2.1 ; 2.2] 2.4; N = 47; C = 95%; Me = 6.1 x 2.8 microns; Qe = 2.2. Basidia dimensions approximately 20 x 4.5 microns.Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water (spores) and NEA 40x/0.65, magnification 400x, in water, congo red (hymenium, cystidia). AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) Personal communication with Mr. Bojam Rot,
www.gobenabovskem.com(2) A. Bernicchia, Polyporaceaes.l., Fungi Europaei, Vol. 10., Edizioni Candusso (2005), p 296. (3) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, Fungiflora, Vol.1. (1993), p 352. (4) G. J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1, Ulmer (2000), p 329. (5) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1984), p 176. (6)
www.messiah.edu/Oakes//fungi_on_wood/poroid%20fungi/speci...
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Bjerkandera adusta (Willd.:Fr.) Karst., syn.: Boletus crispus Pers.Smoky Bracket, DE: Angebrannter RauchporlingSlo.: osmojena bjerkanderaDat.: Dec. 09. 2014Lat.: 46.35624 Long.: 13.69918Code: Bot_854/2014_DSC5245Habitat: alpine valley, river bank, locally almost flat terrain, calcareous ground, river bank vegetation mostly consisting of Salix eleagnos, Picea abies and some Fagus sylvatica; humid air and ground, partly sunny, exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 525 m (1.720 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: dead wood, a stump of cut down Salix eleagnos in its late initial phase of disintegration.Place: Lower Trenta valley, left bank of river Soa between villages Soa and Trenta, 50 m downstream of the bridge to the farmhouse 'Matev', Trenta 3, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC.Comments: There exist two species of the genus Bjerkandera growing in Europe and also in Slovenia: Bjerkandera adusta and Bjerkandera fumosa. Both have very variable and irregular habitus and can be found pileate, effuse reflexed and also totally resupinate. Bjerkandera adusta is more common and can be distinguished from Bjerkandera fumosa by its very, very small more or less angular pores (5-7/mm), darker gray pore surface with pale margin and smaller spores. But distinguishing is not always easy. Bjerkandera adusta can be found during the whole year but it sporulates only at temperatures below 10 deg C (Ref.:4). So, one can hope to get spore print only during colder seasons of my country. Generally in the literature the pilei are described as azonate or only weakly zonate, however when they are very young this apparently doesn't hold (see Fig.4).Growing in imbricate groups of several fruit bodies; pilei 1.2 - 2.8 cm across, trama pale brown, corky-fibrous (cannot be chewed over but can be nicely cut with a razor), up to 4.5 mm thick, pore layer dark-grey and distinctly darker then trama, about 1 mm thick; stipe absent; taste mild, slightly unpleasant but not bitter; smell on sour earth similar to Trametes versicolor; SP faint, whitish. Spores smooth. Dimensions: 4.1 [4.5 ; 4.7] 5.1 x 2.6 [2.9 ; 3] 3.4 microns; Q = 1.3 [1.5 ; 1.6] 1.8; N = 37; C = 95%; Me = 4.6 x 3 microns; Qe = 1.6. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil; in water, live material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 268.S (2) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 316. (3) L. Ryvarden, R.L. Gilbertson, European Polypores, part 1., Synopsis Fungorum 7., Fungiflora A/S (1993), p 168. (4) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1., Ulmer (2000), p 486. (5) A. Bernicchia, S.P.Gorjon, Cortitiaceaes.i., Fungi Europaei Vol.12., Edizioni Candusso (2010), p 139.