<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<taxon-page>
  <id type="integer">448839</id>
  <canonical-form>Loligo pealeii</canonical-form>
  <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
  <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Loligo pealeii&lt;/i&gt; Lesueur, 1821</scientific-name>
  <common-names>
    <item>
      <language_label></language_label>
      <string>longfin inshore squid</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>da</language_label>
      <string>Langfinnet loligo</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>de</language_label>
      <string>Kalmar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>de</language_label>
      <string>Langflossen-Schelfkalmar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>de</language_label>
      <string>Langflossenkalmar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>de</language_label>
      <string>Tintenfisch</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Calamar de Boston</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Calamar p&#225;lido</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>calamari</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>calmar totam</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Common squid</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Inshore squid</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Kalmari-laji</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Langfinnet loligo</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Langflossen-Schelfkalmar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Langvinpijlinktvis</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>longfin inshore squid</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>longfin inshore squid (German: Schlie&#223;augenkalmare)</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Lula p&#225;lida</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Nordamerikanischer kalmar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>en</language_label>
      <string>Woods Hole Squid</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>es</language_label>
      <string>calamar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>es</language_label>
      <string>Calamar de Boston</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>es</language_label>
      <string>Calamar p&#225;lido</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fi</language_label>
      <string>Kalmari-laji</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fr</language_label>
      <string>calmar</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fr</language_label>
      <string>calmar totam</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>fr</language_label>
      <string>encornet</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>it</language_label>
      <string>Calamaro</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>nl</language_label>
      <string>Langvinpijlinktvis</string>
    </item>
    <item>
      <language_label>pt</language_label>
      <string>Lula p&#225;lida</string>
    </item>
  </common-names>
  <taxa>
    <refs type="array">
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Morris, R., D. Abbott, E. Haderlie. 1980. Intertidal Invertebrates of California. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">5545</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">5545</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Cadrin, S. &quot;Longfish Inshore Squid&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.nefsc.nmfs.gov/sos/spsyn/iv/lfsquid/ .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9438</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9438</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ellis, R. 1998. The Search for the Giant Squid. New York: The Lyons Press.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9439</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9439</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Feldman, G. &quot;Squid: Variations on a theme&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN_PLANET/HTML/squid_variations_on_a_theme.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9440</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9440</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Hickman, Jr., C., L. Roberts, A. Larson. 2001. Integrated Principles of Zoology, 11th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9441</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9441</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Lackner, C. &quot;Squids&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://www.lams.losalamos.k12.nm.us/heacock/HeacockSci/squid.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9442</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9442</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Marine Biological Laboratory, March 12, 2000. &quot;Scientists study nerve cells of squid to learn more about a crucial cellular machine&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/03/000302070536.htm .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9443</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9443</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Marine Biological Laboratory, &quot;Loligo pealei: the Long-finned Squid&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.mbl.edu/publications/Loligo/squid/index.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9444</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9444</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Vecchione, M. 1996. &quot;Loligo Lamarck 1798&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://phylogeny.arizona.edu/tree/eukaryotes/animals/mollusca/cephalopoda/coleoidea/decapodiformes/loliginidae/loligo/loligo.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9445</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9445</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Wood, J. 2001. &quot;The Cephalopod Page&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.dal.ca/~ceph/TCP/index.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9446</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9446</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>von der Linden, B., P. Farrand, G. Myers. October 30, 1998. &quot;Use and Exploitation of Marine Invertebrates&quot; (On-line). Accessed November 2, 2000 at http://it.stlawu.edu/~bbaldwin/trio/ .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9447</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9447</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">325718</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
    </refs>
    <refs type="array">
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Morris, R., D. Abbott, E. Haderlie. 1980. Intertidal Invertebrates of California. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">5545</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">5545</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Cadrin, S. &quot;Longfish Inshore Squid&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.nefsc.nmfs.gov/sos/spsyn/iv/lfsquid/ .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9438</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9438</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ellis, R. 1998. The Search for the Giant Squid. New York: The Lyons Press.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9439</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9439</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Feldman, G. &quot;Squid: Variations on a theme&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN_PLANET/HTML/squid_variations_on_a_theme.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9440</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9440</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Hickman, Jr., C., L. Roberts, A. Larson. 2001. Integrated Principles of Zoology, 11th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9441</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9441</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Lackner, C. &quot;Squids&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://www.lams.losalamos.k12.nm.us/heacock/HeacockSci/squid.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9442</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9442</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Marine Biological Laboratory, March 12, 2000. &quot;Scientists study nerve cells of squid to learn more about a crucial cellular machine&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/03/000302070536.htm .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9443</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9443</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Marine Biological Laboratory, &quot;Loligo pealei: the Long-finned Squid&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.mbl.edu/publications/Loligo/squid/index.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9444</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9444</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Vecchione, M. 1996. &quot;Loligo Lamarck 1798&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://phylogeny.arizona.edu/tree/eukaryotes/animals/mollusca/cephalopoda/coleoidea/decapodiformes/loliginidae/loligo/loligo.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9445</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9445</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Wood, J. 2001. &quot;The Cephalopod Page&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.dal.ca/~ceph/TCP/index.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9446</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9446</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>von der Linden, B., P. Farrand, G. Myers. October 30, 1998. &quot;Use and Exploitation of Marine Invertebrates&quot; (On-line). Accessed November 2, 2000 at http://it.stlawu.edu/~bbaldwin/trio/ .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9447</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9447</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1075571</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
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      </ref>
    </refs>
    <refs type="array">
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Morris, R., D. Abbott, E. Haderlie. 1980. Intertidal Invertebrates of California. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">5545</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">5545</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Cadrin, S. &quot;Longfish Inshore Squid&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.nefsc.nmfs.gov/sos/spsyn/iv/lfsquid/ .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9438</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9438</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Ellis, R. 1998. The Search for the Giant Squid. New York: The Lyons Press.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9439</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9439</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Feldman, G. &quot;Squid: Variations on a theme&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/OCEAN_PLANET/HTML/squid_variations_on_a_theme.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9440</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9440</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Hickman, Jr., C., L. Roberts, A. Larson. 2001. Integrated Principles of Zoology, 11th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies.</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9441</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9441</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Lackner, C. &quot;Squids&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://www.lams.losalamos.k12.nm.us/heacock/HeacockSci/squid.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9442</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9442</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Marine Biological Laboratory, March 12, 2000. &quot;Scientists study nerve cells of squid to learn more about a crucial cellular machine&quot; (On-line). Accessed October 25, 2000 at http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/03/000302070536.htm .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9443</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9443</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Marine Biological Laboratory, &quot;Loligo pealei: the Long-finned Squid&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.mbl.edu/publications/Loligo/squid/index.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9444</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9444</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Vecchione, M. 1996. &quot;Loligo Lamarck 1798&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://phylogeny.arizona.edu/tree/eukaryotes/animals/mollusca/cephalopoda/coleoidea/decapodiformes/loliginidae/loligo/loligo.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9445</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9445</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>Wood, J. 2001. &quot;The Cephalopod Page&quot; (On-line). Accessed April 3, 2001 at http://www.dal.ca/~ceph/TCP/index.html .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9446</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9446</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
      </ref>
      <ref>
        <full-reference>von der Linden, B., P. Farrand, G. Myers. October 30, 1998. &quot;Use and Exploitation of Marine Invertebrates&quot; (On-line). Accessed November 2, 2000 at http://it.stlawu.edu/~bbaldwin/trio/ .</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">9447</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">9447</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">1139409</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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    <nil-classes type="array"/>
    <nil-classes type="array"/>
    <nil-classes type="array"/>
    <nil-classes type="array"/>
    <nil-classes type="array"/>
    <nil-classes type="array"/>
    <refs type="array">
      <ref>
        <full-reference>WoRMS (2009). &lt;i&gt;Loligo pealeii&lt;/i&gt; Lesueur, 1821. Accessed through:  World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=157025 on 2010-01-08</full-reference>
        <id type="integer">1379215</id>
        <published type="integer">1</published>
        <ref-id type="NilClass">1379215</ref-id>
        <taxon-id type="NilClass">3887957</taxon-id>
        <user-submitted type="boolean">false</user-submitted>
        <visibility-id type="integer">1</visibility-id>
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    </refs>
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    <nil-classes type="array"/>
  </taxa>
  <overview>
    <nil-classes type="array"/>
  </overview>
  <table-of-contents>
    <item>
      <id>3</id>
      <label>Description</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>267</id>
      <label>Morphology</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>232</id>
      <label>Reproduction and Life History</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>70</id>
      <label>Behavior</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>4</id>
      <label>Ecology and Distribution</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>20</id>
      <label>Distribution</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>41</id>
      <label>Habitat</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>297</id>
      <label>Trophic Strategy</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>8</id>
      <label>Conservation</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>286</id>
      <label>Conservation Status</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>6</id>
      <label>Relevance</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>251</id>
      <label>Uses</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>300</id>
      <label>Wikipedia</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>9</id>
      <label>Biodiversity Heritage Library</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>7</id>
      <label>References and More Information</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>17</id>
      <label>Literature References</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>226</id>
      <label>Specialist Projects</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>298</id>
      <label>Biomedical Terms</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>227</id>
      <label>Search the Web</label>
    </item>
    <item>
      <id>13</id>
      <label>Common Names</label>
    </item>
  </table-of-contents>
  <ancestors>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">1</id>
      <canonical-form>Animalia</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Animalia</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">2195</id>
      <canonical-form>Mollusca</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Mollusca</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">2312</id>
      <canonical-form>Cephalopoda</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Cephalopoda</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">2336</id>
      <canonical-form>Teuthida</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Teuthida</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">2351</id>
      <canonical-form>Loliginidae</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Loliginidae</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">38585</id>
      <canonical-form>Loligo</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>Loligo</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
    <taxon-page>
      <id type="integer">448839</id>
      <canonical-form>Loligo pealeii</canonical-form>
      <iucn-conservation-status>NOT EVALUATED</iucn-conservation-status>
      <scientific-name>&lt;i&gt;Loligo pealeii&lt;/i&gt; Lesueur, 1821</scientific-name>
    </taxon-page>
  </ancestors>
  <children>
  </children>
  <curators>
    <user>
      <credentials>Portland State University, MA Education

</credentials>
      <id type="integer">7</id>
      <username>klans</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>BA Physics - Johns Hopkins University
MS Education - Johns Hopkins University
ME Engineering Physics - University of Virginia


</credentials>
      <id type="integer">10</id>
      <username>peter</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Ph.D., University of Bristol (1976)
D.Sc., Queen's University, Belfast (1990)
</credentials>
      <id type="integer">11</id>
      <username>paddy</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Asst. Project Manager, Antarctic Invertebrates, Smithsonian Institution
Visiting Scientist, Chemicals Affecting Insect Behavior Lab, US Agricultural Research Service, 2005-2006
Hammock, J., Vinyard, B., Dickens, J. 2007. Response to host plant odors and aggregation pheromone by larvae of the Colorado potato beetle on a servosphere.  Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 1(1):27-35
PhD, Biological Oceanography, Massachussetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceangraphic Institution, 2005</credentials>
      <id type="integer">20470</id>
      <username>jhammock</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>University of Michigan, PhD 1997
Thesis: Social behavior and vocal communication of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos)

Member of Ecological Society of America, Entomological Society of America.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">25567</id>
      <username>csparr</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials></credentials>
      <id type="integer">33422</id>
      <username>mstuder</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>EOL Species Pages Coordinator, Ph. D. in Entomology, University of Arizona 1999, Diploma in Biology, Freie Universit&#228;t Berlin 1989</credentials>
      <id type="integer">35200</id>
      <username>Katja</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>William Miller, PhD
Assistant Professor
Baker University
Dept. of Biology
PO Box 65
Baldwin city, Kansas 
66006-0065



</credentials>
      <id type="integer">35243</id>
      <username>WMiller</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials></credentials>
      <id type="integer">36197</id>
      <username>MarthaTestuser</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>faculty, Department of Biology
University of Miami
Coral Gables, Fl 33124

AAAS, ICRS, Sigma Xi

http://www.bio.miami.edu/Fac/Sealey.html</credentials>
      <id type="integer">38707</id>
      <username>ksealey</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>MICHAEL VECCHIONE

NMFS National Systematics Laboratory
National Museum of Natural History
Washington, DC  20013-7012
phone: (202)633-1751, fax: (202)357-2986
e-mail: vecchiom@si.edu 

Education:
B.S., 1972, University of Miami, Biology Major, Chemistry Minor.
Ph.D., 1979, College of William and Mary, Marine Science (Biological Oceanography).

Professional Experience:
NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Systematics Laboratory (NSL).
Positions:
Jan 98 - present, Zoologist and NSL Director.
Dec 86 - Dec 97, Zoologist.
Nov 86 - present, Adjunct Scientist, Dept. of Invert Zoology (Mollusks), Smithsonian Inst. 
May 88 - present, Adjunct Faculty, School of Marine Science/Virginia Inst. of Marine Science (VIMS), College of William and Mary. 
McNeese State University, Dept. of Biological and Environmental Science.
Positions:
Aug 83 - Dec 86, Assistant Professor and Member of Graduate Faculty.
Jan 81 - Aug 83, Adjunct Assistant Professor (Graduate Faculty Member).

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Ecological Services.
Positions:
pr 80 - Jan 81, Environmental Biologist.
Jun 79 - Apr 80, Fishery Biologist (part-time).

Experience at Sea:
30 offshore cruises of 1-7 weeks duration (Chief Scientist on 10); North Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, Central and North Pacific, Arctic, Antarctic.
45 coastal cruises of 1-7 days duration (Chief Scientist on 37).

Exhibits and Public Programs at the National Museum of Natural History: 
	Sant Ocean Hall, Curator/member of core team for permanent exhibition, opened Sep 08.
	Going to Sea, temp., opened Sep 08.
	Science at Sea. Joint NMFS/SI anniv. exhibit, temp., Feb-Sep 96.
	In Search of Giant Squid.  May 94-May07.

Selected Publications:
017 Vecchione, M.  1987.  Juvenile ecology.  pp. 61-84 In:  Boyle, P.  (ed.) Cephalopod Life Cycles.  Vol II.  Academic Press. London.
018 Vecchione, M.  1987.  A multispecies aggregation of cirrate octopods trawled from north of the Bahamas.  Bull. Mar. Sci. 40(1):78-84.
031 Vecchione, M. and C.F.E. Roper. 1991.  Cephalopods observed from submersibles in the western North Atlantic.  Bull. Mar. Sci. 49(1-2):433-445.
041 Vecchione, M.  1994.  Systematics and the lifestyle and performance of cephalopods.  Mar. Behav. Physiol. 25(1-3):179-191.  
050 Vecchione, M. and B.B. Collette.  1996.  Fisheries agencies and marine biodiversity.  Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden. 83(1):29-36. 
057 Vecchione, M. and R.E. Young.  1997.  Aspects of the functional morphology of cirrate octopods: locomotion and feeding.  Vie et Milieu 47(2):101-110.
068 Voss, N.A., M. Vecchione, R.B. Toll, and M.J. Sweeney.  1998. (eds.) Systematics and Biogeography of Cephalopods.  Smithson. Contr. Zool. 586. 
069 Young, R.E., M. Vecchione, and D.T. Donovan. 1998.  The evolution of coleoid cephalopods and their present biodiversity and ecology.  S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 20:393-420.
076 Vecchione, M. 2001. Cephalopods of the continental slope east of the United States. In: G. Sedberry (ed.) Island in the Stream. Oceanography and Fisheries of the Charleston Bump. American Fisheries Society Symp. 25:153-160.
080 Vecchione, M. and E.K. Shea. 2001. Phylum Mollusca: Cephalopoda. pp. 367-375 In: C.M. Young et al. (eds.) Atlas of Marine Invertebrate Larvae. Academic Press.
082 Vecchione, M., R. E. Young, A. Guerra, D. J. Lindsay, D. A. Clague, J. M. Bernhard, W. W. Sager, A. F. Gonzalez, F. J. Rocha, M. Segonzac.  2001. Worldwide observations of remarkable deep-sea squids. Science 294(5551):2505-2506.
088 Vecchione, M. and G. Pohle. 2002. Midwater cephalopods in the western North Atlantic Ocean off Nova Scotia. Bull. Mar. Sci. 71(2):883-892.
085 Vecchione, M. 2003. Cephalopoda. FAO Guide for Identification of Invertebrates of the Western Central Atlantic. 1:150-244.
092 Moore, J.A., M. Vecchione, B.B. Collette, R. Gibbons, K.E. Hartel, J.K. Galbraith, M. Turnipseed, M. Southworth, and E. Watkins. 2003.  Biodiversity of Bear Seamount, New England Seamount Chain: Results of exploratory trawling. J. Northw. Atl. Fish. Sci.31:363-372.
091 Guerra, A., A. F. Gonzalez, F. Rocha, J. Gracia and M. Vecchione. 2004. Calamares gigantes varados, victimas de exploraciones acusticas.  Investig. Ciencia Julio 2004:35-37.
096 Vecchione, M.  2004.  Cephalopoda.  In: Grzimek&#8217;s Encyclopedia of Animal Life. Vol. 2 Protostomes. pp. 475-490.
097 Holland, N.D., D.A. Clague, D.P. Gordon, A. Gebruk, D.L. Pawson and M. Vecchione. 2005. &#8216;Lophenteropneust&#8217; hypothesis refuted by collection and photos of new deep-sea hemichordates. Nature 434:374-376.
101 Jereb, P., Roper, C.F.E. &amp; Vecchione, M. 2005. Introduction. In P. Jereb &amp; C.F.E. Roper, eds. Cephalopods of the world. FAO Species Catalogue. No. 4, Vol. 1. Rome, FAO. pp. 1-49.
113 Bergstad, O.A., T. Falkenhaug, O. Asthorsson, I. Byrkjedal, A. V. Gebruk, U. Piatkowski, I.G. Priede, R. S. Santos, M. Vecchione, and P. Lorance. 2007. Towards improved understanding of the diversity and abundance patterns of the mid-ocean ridge macro- and megafauna. Deep-Sea Research. 55:1-5.
114 Felley, J.D., M. Vecchione, and R. Wilson. 2007. Habitat preferences of deep-sea demersal nekton in the Charlie-Gibbs fracture zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Deep-Sea Research. 55:153-160.
115 Unger, M.A., E. Harvey, G.G. Vadas, and M. Vecchione. 2008. Persistent pollutants in nine speceis of deep-sea cephalopods. Mar. Poll. Bull. 56:1486&#8211;1512.

Selected Electronic Resources:
Cephalopod sections of Tree-of-Life (see Science 273:568-570), with R.E. Young et al. http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Cephalopoda&amp;contgroup=Mollusca
Cephalopods in Action multimedia web site, with J.D. Felley and C.F.E. Roper.  http://www.mnh.si.edu/cephs/

New Taxa Described:
2 Families
6 Genera
14 Species

</credentials>
      <id type="integer">38852</id>
      <username>vecchiom</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Emeritus Fellow, Trinity College Dublin

Holdich, Catherine, David M., Noel, Pierre Y., Reynolds, Julian D. and Haffner, Patrick (eds) (2006). Atlas of crayfish in Europe. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 187 pages. Patrimoines naturels, 64.

Hudson, Anne V. and Reynolds, Julian D. (1984). Distribution of Irish intertidal Talitridae. Bulletin of the Irish biogeographical Society, 8, 63-76.

Reynolds, Julian D. (1976). Occurrence of the fresh-water Bryozoan, Cristatella mucedo Cuvier, in British Columbia. Syesis, 9, 365-366.

Smyth, Thomas and Reynolds, Julian D.  (1995). Survival ability of statoblasts of freshwater Bryozoa found in Renvyle Lough, County Galway.  Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 95B (1), 65-68.

Wickenberg, Maria and Reynolds, Julian D. (2002). A recent Irish record of the woodlouse  Acaeroplastes melanurus (Budde-Lund, 1885) (Isopoda: Porcellionidae), considered to be extinct in the British Isles.  Bulletin of the Irish Biogeographical Society, 26, 60-63.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39544</id>
      <username>jrynolds</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Affiliated with EOL Species Pages Group</credentials>
      <id type="integer">39552</id>
      <username>lshapiro</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Credentials: B.S. - Geology, 2007; M.S. - Geology, 2009; Currently a PhD student working on these families as a part of my dissertation.  West Virginia University

Member of the Paleontological Society

Sample Publication: HOWARD, Christopher S., DUPREE, Ryan T., LYNCH, Josh M., and MULLEN, Zachary W.,2009, DEPOSITIONAL HISTORY AND CARBONATE DIAGENESIS OF AMMONOID CEPHALOPODS FROM UPPER MISSISSIPPIAN (CHESTERIAN) CONCRETIONARY SHALES, SOUTHERN OZARKS, NORTHERN ARKANSAS, Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol 41, No. 4, p. 27.</credentials>
      <id type="integer">40119</id>
      <username>choward6</username>
    </user>
    <user>
      <credentials>Curator of marine invertebrates, National Museums Northern Ireland (Ulster Museum)
Author Sponges of the British Isles - A colour guide and working document, 1992 Edition. Ackers, R.G., Moss, D. &amp; Picton, B. E. 1992. Marine Conservation Society, UK. Revised and extended, 2007, Bernard Picton, Christine Morrow &amp; Rob van Soest. PDf and website</credentials>
      <id type="integer">40160</id>
      <username>BernardPicton</username>
    </user>
  </curators>
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    <count>0</count>
  </comments>
  <images>
    <count>1</count>
  </images>
  <videos>
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