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Redwood Lily

Lilium rubescens S. Watson

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Lilium rubescens occurs from Santa Cruz County north through the Coast Ranges to Del Norte County, and is declining in the southern part of its range due to urbanization and over-collecting. This is the only species in the genus in which the chromosome complement is known to consist of one pair of long metacentric chromosomes and eleven pairs of acrocentric chromosomes; all others possess two long metacentric pairs and ten shorter acrocentric pairs (M. W. Skinner 1988). Various bee species visit the flowers during the day to collect nectar and pollen and may be the most significant pollinators. Pale swallowtails (Papilio eurymedon Lucas, family Papilionidae) also visit this lily.

The Karok used Lilium rubescens decoratively in bouquets (D. E. Moerman 1986).

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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 174, 176, 178, 183, 184, 185, 195 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Bulbs ± ovoid, 3.9–9.4 × 2.5–7.1 cm, 1.1–2.6 times taller than long; scales unsegmented, longest 4–8.9 cm; stem roots absent. Stems to 2 m, often glaucous. Buds rounded in cross section. Leaves in 3–5 (–more) whorls or partial whorls, 3–15 leaves per whorl, usually ± ascending, sometimes horizontal and drooping at tips, 3.2–12.3 × 1–2.8 cm, 2–6.4 times longer than wide; blade oblanceolate, sometimes obovate, rarely elliptic, margins usually undulate, apex acute, often widely so, or obtuse; veins and margins ± smooth abaxially. Inflorescences racemose, often with flowers in loosely defined whorls, 1–40-flowered. Flowers ascending to erect, fragrant; perianth funnelform; sepals and petals recurved 1/2–2/3 along length from base, white, aging pink-purple, with fine magenta spots concentrated proximally or less often generally distributed, often reddish or purplish abaxially, not distinctly clawed; sepals not ridged abaxially, 4.3–6.6 × 0.6–1.4 cm; petals noticeably wider than sepals, oblanceolate and often very wide proximally, 4.2–6.4 × 0.9–1.9 cm, apex widely acute, obtuse, or rounded; stamens included; filaments barely spreading, diverging 3°–12° from axis; anthers pale yellow, 0.4–0.8 cm; pollen yellow; pistil 2.7–3.8 cm; ovary 1.2–1.8 cm; style pale green; pedicel 1.4–9.5 cm. Capsules usually with 6 longitudinal ridges, 2–3.7 × 1.7–2.7 cm, 1.1–1.7 times longer than wide. Seeds 67–189. 2n = 24.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 174, 176, 178, 183, 184, 185, 195 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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Distribution

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Calif.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 174, 176, 178, 183, 184, 185, 195 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flowering/Fruiting

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Flowering summer (late May--early Aug).
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 174, 176, 178, 183, 184, 185, 195 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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Habitat

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Dry soils in chaparral, gaps in redwood [Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endlicher] or mixed evergreen forests; 0--1500m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 174, 176, 178, 183, 184, 185, 195 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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Synonym

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Lilium washingtonianum Kellogg var. purpureum W. Bull ex Baker
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 174, 176, 178, 183, 184, 185, 195 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Lilium rubescens ( German )

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Lilium rubescens (engl. Redwood lily, Chaparral lily) ist eine Art aus der Gattung der Lilien (Lilium) in der amerikanischen Sektion.

Beschreibung

Lilium rubescens erreicht eine Wuchshöhe von 60 cm bis 200 cm. Die Zwiebeln sind oval und bis zu 9,4 cm lang, sie sind mit breiten, weißen, lanzettförmigen Schuppen überzogen und bilden Rhizome aus. Der Stängel ist hart und gerade mit einem bläulichen Schimmer. Die Laubblätter breit und lanzettförmig, zwischen 3,4 cm und 12,3 cm lang und zwischen 1 cm und 2,8 cm breit. Sie sind in drei bis fünf Wirteln aus drei bis fünfzehn Blättern angeordnet, die sich nach oben hin verkleinern.

Die Pflanze blüht von Ende Mai bis Anfang August mit 1 bis 40 in einer offenen Dolde aufrecht stehender Blüten, die stark duften. Die zwittrigen Blüten sind dreizählig. Die sechs gleichgestalteten Blütenhüllblätter (Tepalen) sind an den Spitzen rückwärtsgerollt und formen zur Basis hin eine Röhre. Sie sind 4,3 bis 6,6 cm lang und zwischen 0,6 cm und 1,4 cm breit. Die Grundfarbe der Blüten ist wachs-weiß, das mit der Zeit über rosa nach rot hin nachdunkelt. Die Antheren sind gelb, die Pollen sind orange.

Die Samen reifen in 2 cm bis 3,6 cm langen, zwischen 1,7 und 2,7 cm breiten Samenkapseln, die von sechs Längsrillen durchzogen sind, heran. Der Samen keimt verzögert-hypogäisch.

Verbreitung

Die Art ist in Kalifornien heimisch, dort kommt sie vom Santa Cruz County der Küste nach Norden entlang bis zum Del Norte County vor. Im Süden ihres Verbreitungsgebiets ist sie aber durch Verstädterung nahezu ausgestorben. Die Art wird von der „California Native Plant Society“ auf der Liste seltener Arten (Liste 4) gelistet.

Lilium rubescens braucht einen trockenen Boden, sie wächst am besten in Küstenmammutbaum-Wäldern (Sequoia sempervirens), seltener auch in anderen immergrünen Mischwäldern in Höhenlagen zwischen 0 und 1500 m NN.

Genetik

Lilium rubescens ist die einzige bekannte Lilienart, die ein langes metazentrischen Chromosom und elf kurze acrozentrische Chromosomen hat. Metazentrisch heißt, dass das Zentromer mittig liegt, bei den acrozentrischen Chromosomen liegt es am Ende. Alle anderen Lilienarten besitzen zwei lange metazentrische und zehn kurze acrozentrische Chromosomen.

Quellen

Literatur

  • Mark W. Skinner: Lilium rubescens. In: Flora of North America. Band 26. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003, ISBN 978-0-19-515208-1, S. 183 (online [abgerufen am 2. Februar 2009]).

Weblinks

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  • Markus Hohenegger: Lilium rubescens. In: The Genus Lilium. Abgerufen am 2. Februar 2010.
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Lilium rubescens: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Lilium rubescens (engl. Redwood lily, Chaparral lily) ist eine Art aus der Gattung der Lilien (Lilium) in der amerikanischen Sektion.

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Lilium rubescens

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Lilium rubescens is an uncommon species of lily known by the common names redwood lily and chaparral lily.[2] It is native to northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, where it is known from the Coast Ranges from Lane County to Santa Cruz Counties.[3]

As its names suggest, it is a member of the flora in redwood forest understory and chaparral habitat types. This is a perennial herb growing a waxy, erect stem up to two meters in height. It forms a scaly, oval-shaped bulb up to about 9 centimeters long. The oval leaves are located in several whorls about the stem, each up to 13 centimeters in length with wavy edges. The inflorescence bears up to 40 erect flowers. The fragrant flower is trumpet-shaped with 6 tepals up to 7 centimeters long and somewhat recurved or curled back. The tepals are white to pale purple or pinkish on the inside, darker on the outside, and freckled with reddish spotting. There are 6 stamens with yellowish anthers and a pistil which may be 4 centimeters in length. The flowers are probably pollinated by bees and the pale swallowtail (Papilio eurymedon).[4][5]

This plant is threatened by a number of factors, including development, logging, non-native species, road maintenance, and horticultural collecting of the bulbs and flowers.[6]

References

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wikipedia EN

Lilium rubescens: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Lilium rubescens is an uncommon species of lily known by the common names redwood lily and chaparral lily. It is native to northwestern California and southwestern Oregon, where it is known from the Coast Ranges from Lane County to Santa Cruz Counties.

As its names suggest, it is a member of the flora in redwood forest understory and chaparral habitat types. This is a perennial herb growing a waxy, erect stem up to two meters in height. It forms a scaly, oval-shaped bulb up to about 9 centimeters long. The oval leaves are located in several whorls about the stem, each up to 13 centimeters in length with wavy edges. The inflorescence bears up to 40 erect flowers. The fragrant flower is trumpet-shaped with 6 tepals up to 7 centimeters long and somewhat recurved or curled back. The tepals are white to pale purple or pinkish on the inside, darker on the outside, and freckled with reddish spotting. There are 6 stamens with yellowish anthers and a pistil which may be 4 centimeters in length. The flowers are probably pollinated by bees and the pale swallowtail (Papilio eurymedon).

This plant is threatened by a number of factors, including development, logging, non-native species, road maintenance, and horticultural collecting of the bulbs and flowers.

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Lilium rubescens ( Portuguese )

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Lilium rubescens é uma espécie de lírio. A planta é endêmica do estado da Califórnia, nos Estados Unidos.[1][2]

Bibliografia

  • Mark W. Skinner: Lilium rubescens. In: Flora of North America. 26, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003, ISBN 978-0-19-515208-1, S. 183

Referências

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Lilium rubescens: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Lilium rubescens é uma espécie de lírio. A planta é endêmica do estado da Califórnia, nos Estados Unidos.

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Lilium rubescens ( Vietnamese )

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Lilium rubescens là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Liliaceae. Loài này được S.Watson miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1879.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Lilium rubescens. Truy cập ngày 20 tháng 7 năm 2013.

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Lilium rubescens: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Lilium rubescens là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Liliaceae. Loài này được S.Watson miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1879.

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