Leptodactylus elenae Heyer 1978

The two sexes of adult Leptodactylus elenae differ in size. Males are relatively moderate in size in relation to the females. The heads are longer than they are wide, and the hinds legs are both of moderate length (Heyer and Thompson 2000). The male vocal sacs are characteristically darkly pigmented and are modestly expanded laterally. The forearms of are not hypertrophied, and the thumbs and chest both lack asperities on the thumb and chest. Two pairs of dorasolateral folds are observed in Leptodactylus. One pair runs from the upper posterior edge of the tympanum to the upper groin region. The second pair may be observed extending from the top of the tympanum level, posterior to the parotoid gland, to the groin along the flanks. Rounded or slightly swollen toe tips are characteristic, along with fringes or lateral fleshy ridges that are generally lacking on the toes. Toe webbing between toes I,II, and III and basal lateral ridges may be observed in certain individuals. Weak longitudinal folds are rarely associated with the usually smooth upper shank. The outer tarsus generally displays one to many white tubercles, but is smooth in some individuals. Many white, fleshy tubercles are also located on the soles of the feet. A distinct (77%) or indistinct (23%) light stripe is located on the upper lip, while a dark suborbital bar is never present. An interorbital bar is observed, but irregularly shaped. The dorsum's color ranges from unchanging tan/brown to a parallel series of small, darker spots. The pattern of spots may be coalesced longitudinally in some individuals or to one of two small chevrons in the mid-scapular and mid-sacral regions. The posterior of the dorsolateral folds usually stands out by a distinct light pin-stripe. A noticeably darker stripe usually boarders the upper pair of dorsolaterl folds from below. There are no middorsal stripes observed in this species. The stomach displays a few indistinct dark spots, mottling on the lateralmost extent and is mostly immaculate. Distinct, light, horizontal stripes may be detected on the lower aspects on the posterior thighs. Irregular shaped crossbands are also seen on the dorsal surface of the shank. The larvae of this species have not been described.The text above is based on the species description by Heyer and Heyer (2002) .Heyer (1978) named the species for his daughter Elena.

Leptodactylus elenae is wide ranging and may be most often found in the semi-dry Chaco, cerrado, caatinga and mostly arid forest regions from the eastern slopes of Bolivia to Mato Grosso, Brazil and south through Paraguay to north-central Argentina. This frog has been documented in the forests (Mercolli et al. 1995), as well as in open habitats (De La Riva 1993; Harvey 1998; Heyer and Maxson 1982; Kohler 2000).

The species call advertisement consists of one note per call, at a rate of 64 to 120 per minute. The range of the call duration lasts from .02-.03 seconds. The calls either display no pulses or very weak pulses in mid-call.the frequency of the calls have been modulated. The first 1/3 to 1/2 of the call rises very slowly, but ultimately reaching a plateau at the end. The loudest intensity point of the call is at about 3/4 to 4/5 of the call duration, at which point it decreases rapidly. At the beginning of the call, the dominant frequency ranges from 700 to 870 Hz, and 1370 to 1500 Hz at the end of the call (Heyer and Heyer 2002).

2meses após plantio

Diagnosis Adults have the toes free of webbing or lateral fringes, one or two pairs of distinct dorsolateal folds, a light stripe on the lower portion of the posterior face of the thigh, and the sole of the foot covered with obvious light tubercles. Usually has tubercles on the posterior tarsus.

Chacoan regions of Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay and central Brazil.

Herbácea

5 meses

princípio amargo, óleo essencial, mucilagem, sais minerais, tanino, vitanina B1(1)

sementes viáveis

Adult morphology Adult males are of moderate size (38-46 mm). females (39-49), the head is not as wide as long, and the hind limbs are moderate in length. Male vocal sacs are modestly expanded laterally and are usually at least moderately darkly pigmented. Male forearms are not hypertrophied. Males lack asperities on the thumbs and chest. Two distinct pairs of dorsolateral folds (incated by dark/light outlining in indifferently preserved specimens) are present: one pair extends from behind the eye at the level above thc posterior edge of the tympanum to the upper groin, and a second pair extends from the top of the tympanum level, posterior to the parotoid gland, to the groin along the flanks. The toe tips are rounded or very slightly swollen. The toes generally lack fringes or lateral fleshy ridges; some individuals have vestigial basal lateral ridges and toe webbing between toes I, II and III. The upper shank is usually smooth, rarely with weak longitudinal folds. The outer tarsus usually has at least one or two to many white tubercles, but is smooth in some individuals. The sole of the foot has many or scattered white fleshy tubercles. The upper lip has a distinct (77%) or indistinct (23%) light stripe. No dark suborbital bar is present. An interorbital bar is irregularly shaped. The dorsum ranges from almost uniform tan/brown lo a pattern of parallel series of small darker spots. which may be coalesced longitudinally in some individuals, or to one or two small chevrons in the mid-scapular and mid-sacral regions. The dorsolateral folds are usually highlighted by a distinct light pin-stripe, more so posteriorlv than anteriorlv. The upper pair of dorsolateral folds is usually bordered below by a noticeably darker stripe, which is sometimes quite broad. The species lacks light middorsal stripes. The belly is immaculate or with a few indistinct dark spots or mottling on its lateralmost extent. The posterior thigh surfaces have distinct light horizontal stripes on their lower aspects. The dorsal surface of the shank has irregularly shaped crossbands. Larval morphology Body ovoid in dorsal view and ovoid/depressed in lateral view. Snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views. Eyes relatively small and dorsolaterally directed. Nostril small, dorsal, and ovoid, with laterally directed aperture. Spiracle sinistral, long, and narrow, with free distal edge. Centripetal wall of the spiracle tube fused to body wall, spiracular opening directed posterodorsally on the middle of the body. Vent tube long, medial, attached to the ventral fin, with medial directed opening. The lateral line system is visible, mainly the middle body line. Oral disc ventral, laterally emarginated. A single row of marginal papillae (8-10 papillae) is on either side of a wide anterior gap; ventral marginal papillae in double row. Papillae long, simple, and digitiform. Tooth row formula 2(2)/3(1); A-1 and A-2 rows subequal in length, P-1 and P-3 slightly shorter than P-2; A-2 interrupted medially by a gap approximately eight to ten labial teeth wide, P-1 interrupted medially by a gap two to three labial teeth wide; in four tadpoles, mean tooth density per millimeter in row A-2 75.7 ± 10.2 (67-90). Labial teeth dark, slightly curved toward the oral opening. Jaw sheaths heavy, darkly pigmented; upper sheath slightly M-shaped and the lower V-shaped; individual serration triangular. Caudal muscle robust, higher than dorsal fin along the anterior third of the tail. Dorsal fin low, weakly convex, originating on the posterior third of the body; ventral fin narrower than dorsal fin at the mid portion of tail. Coloration: Preserved specimens with body uniformly brown; ventrally transparent. Caudal muscle with small brown dots irregularly distributed, sometimes forming a medial line in the first half part of tail. Fins transparent, with slight reticulation formed by blood vessels and with some small brown dots on dorsal and ventral fins. In life, coloration is very similar to that of preserved tadpoles. Tadpole measurements (mm): Mean ± SD (range) of 10 specimens at Gosner (1960) developmental stage 35-36: total length 21.57 ± 1.30 (19.6-24.1); body length 8.35 ± 0.46 (7.6-9.1); tail length 13.12 ± 0.91 (11.5-14.7); maximum body height 3.80 ± 0.20 (3.5-4.1); maximum body width 4.54 ± 0.31 (4.0-5.0); eye diameter 1.00 ± 0.08 (0.95-1.14); nostril diameter 0.25 ± 0.05 (0.19-0.29); interorbital distance 2.60 ± 0.11 (2.47-2.85); internarial distance 1.34 ± 0.10 (1.24-1.52); nostril-snout distance 0.95 ± 0.10 (0.86-1.14); eyesnout distance 2.52 ± 0.18 (2.28-2.85); maximum tail height 3.75 ± 0.16 (3.52-4.09); maximum dorsal fin height 1.42 ± 0.08 (1.24-1.52); maximum ventral fin height 1.15 ± 0.10 (0.95-1.33); maximum tail muscle width 1.42 ± 0.14 (1.24-1.71); maximum tail muscle height 1.44 ± 0.08 (1.33-1.52). Body length relative to total length 38.7% ± 1.16 (37.4-40.3), eye diameter relative to body length 12.1% ± 0.75 (10.8-13.1)

Europa

LC. Least Concern.

Leptodactylus elenae is a species of frogs in the family Leptodactylidae.

It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and possibly Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, intermittent freshwater marshes, pastureland, and heavily degraded former forest.