Comments
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A number of species have been named for what are probably hybrids between Quercus dentata and other species. These species are morphologically intermediate between their putative parental species and include the following: Quercus fangshanensis Liou (Contr. Inst. Bot. Natl. Acad. Peiping 4: 7. 1936), which is probable a hybrid with Quercus aliena var. pekingensis and has been found in Hebei, Henan, and Shanxi; Quercus stewardii Rehder (J. Arnold Arbor. 6: 207. 1925) and Q. fenchengensis H. W. Jen & L. M. Wang (in H. W. Jen & al., Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 196. 1984), which are probable hybrids with Quercus aliena var. acutiserrata and have been found in Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi, and Zhejiang; Quercus mongolicodentata Nakai (Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 40: 164. 1926) and Quercus hopeiensis Liou (Contr. Inst. Bot. Natl. Acad. Peiping 4: 8. 1936), which are probable hybrids with Quercus mongolica and have been found in Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Liaoning, Shandong, and Shanxi, as well as in Korea.
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Description
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Trees to 25 m tall, deciduous. Branchlets strong, sulcate, densely yellowish gray stellate tomentose. Petiole 2-5 mm, densely brown tomentose; leaf blade obovate to narrowly so, 10-30 × 6-30 cm, abaxially densely grayish brown stellate tomentose, adaxially dark green and pubescent but glabrescent, base rounded, margin with a few undulate to rough serrations on each side, apex with short, blunt tip; secondary veins 4-10 on each side of midvein; tertiary veins abaxially prominent. Female inflorescences axillary on apical part of young shoot, 1-3 cm. Cupule cupular, 1.2-2 × 2-5 cm including bracts, enclosing 1/2-2/3 of nut; bracts reddish brown, narrowly lanceolate, ca. 1 cm, inflexed or erect, leathery, abaxially with brown filiform hairs, adaxially glabrous. Nut ovoid to broadly so, 1.5-2.3 × 1.2-1.5 cm, glabrous; scar ca. 1 cm in diam., slightly raised; stylopodium ca. 2 mm in diam. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Oct.
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Distribution
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Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea]
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Habitat
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Mixed mesophytic forests; below 100-2700 m.
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Synonym
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Quercus obovata Bunge.
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Quercus dentata
provided by wikipedia EN
Quercus dentata, also called Japanese emperor oak or daimyo oak (Japanese: 柏, kashiwa; traditional Chinese: 柞櫟; simplified Chinese: 柞栎; pinyin: zuòlì; Korean: 떡갈나무, tteokgalnamu) is a species of oak native to East Asia (Japan, Korea and China). The name of the tree is often translated as "sweet oak" in English to distinguish it from Western varieties.[2] It is placed in section Quercus.[3]
Description
Quercus dentata is a deciduous tree growing up to 20–25 metres (66–82 feet) tall, with a trunk up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in diameter. Its foliage is remarkable for its size, among the largest of all oaks, consisting of a short hairy petiole, 1–1.5 centimetres (3⁄8–5⁄8 inch) long, and a blade 10–40 cm (4–15+1⁄2 in) long and 15–30 cm (6–12 in) broad, with a shallowly lobed margin; the form is reminiscent of an enormous pedunculate oak leaf. The leaves are often retained dead on the tree into winter. Both sides of the leaf are initially downy with the upper surface becoming smooth.[2]
The flowers are produced in May; the male flowers are pendulous catkins. The female flowers are sessile, growing near the tips of new shoots, producing acorns 1.2–2.3 cm long and 1.2–1.5 cm broad, in broad, bushy-scaled cups; the acorns mature in September to October.[2]
Cultivation outside East Asia
Quercus dentata was introduced to the British Isles in 1830, where it is occasionally grown in botanical gardens. It is usually smaller in cultivation than in the wild, growing to a small angular tree or large irregular shrub. Notable specimens include one at Osterley Park, 14 m (46 ft) tall and 1.5 m girth, and the largest, 18 m (59 ft) tall, at Avondale Forest Park, County Wicklow, Ireland.[4][5][6]
Culinary uses
In Korean cuisine, its acorns (in Hangul: 도토리, dotori) have been used since the Three Kingdoms. A notable food is dotorimuk.
In Japanese cuisine, its leaves are used as a wrapping for kashiwa mochi.[7]
References
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^ "Quercus dentata Thunb.". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – via The Plant List. Note that this website has been superseded by World Flora Online
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^ a b c Huang, Chengjiu; Zhang, Yongtian; Bartholomew, Bruce. "Quercus dentata". Flora of China. Vol. 4. Retrieved March 3, 2016 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
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^ Denk, Thomas; Grimm, Guido W.; Manos, Paul S.; Deng, Min & Hipp, Andrew L. (2017-11-02). "Appendix 2.1: An updated infrageneric classification of the oaks" (xls). figshare. Retrieved 2023-02-17.
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^ Mitchell, A. F. (1974). "Field Guide to Trees in Britain and Europe." Collins.
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^ Phillips, R. (1978). "Trees in Britain, Europe and North America." Ward Lock.
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^ Lancaster, R. (1981). 'Hillier's Manual of Trees & Shrubs," 5th ed. Hillier and Sons.
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^ Quercus dentata, with photos (pdf file; in Japanese)
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Quercus dentata: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Quercus dentata, also called Japanese emperor oak or daimyo oak (Japanese: 柏, kashiwa; traditional Chinese: 柞櫟; simplified Chinese: 柞栎; pinyin: zuòlì; Korean: 떡갈나무, tteokgalnamu) is a species of oak native to East Asia (Japan, Korea and China). The name of the tree is often translated as "sweet oak" in English to distinguish it from Western varieties. It is placed in section Quercus.
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