dcsimg

Distribution

provided by Animal Diversity Web

The big free tailed bat has been found as far north as southwestern British Colombia and as far east as South Carolina. Nyctinomops macrotis ranges from southwestern North America, through northern and central Mexico, throughout South America. It has also been found on Cuba, Jamaica, and Hispanola.

(Parish, D.A., 1999; Nowak, 1999)

Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native ); neotropical (Native )

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Benefits

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Big free tailed bats probably help control populations of pest insects.

Positive Impacts: ecotourism ; produces fertilizer; controls pest population

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Benefits

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Negative Impacts: causes or carries domestic animal disease ; household pest

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Conservation Status

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Nyctinomops macrotis is not endangered, but is not common either.

Temperate North American bats are now threatened by a fungal disease called “white-nose syndrome.” This disease has devastated eastern North American bat populations at hibernation sites since 2007. The fungus, Geomyces destructans, grows best in cold, humid conditions that are typical of many bat hibernacula. The fungus grows on, and in some cases invades, the bodies of hibernating bats and seems to result in disturbance from hibernation, causing a debilitating loss of important metabolic resources and mass deaths. Mortality rates at some hibernation sites have been as high as 90%. While there are currently no reports of Nyctinomops macrotis mortalities as a result of white-nose syndrome, the disease continues to expand its range in North America.

US Federal List: no special status

CITES: no special status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Behavior

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Untitled

provided by Animal Diversity Web

The species Nyctinomops macrotis was recently transferred to the genus Nyctinomops from Tadarida.

In the civil war guano was collected and used as a base compound to make gunpowder by the Confederate army.

( http://www.ukans.edu/~mammals/nyctic-macr.html; Nowak,1999)

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Trophic Strategy

provided by Animal Diversity Web

The big free tailed bat feeds primarily on large moths, though it has been known to hunt ground dwelling insects including crickets, stinkbugs, and flying ants. They can be heard when hunting emitting a piercing chatter (audible to humans at a range over 20 kHz)

( http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/nyctmacr.htm;

Parish, D.A. and Jones C., 1999; Best, T.L.,Harvey M.J., Altenbach J.S., and Sanchez-Brown, T., http://talpz.unm.edu/batcall/accounts/accountsbase/nyma.html)

Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore )

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Habitat

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Nyctinomops macrotis mainly inhabits rugged and rocky terrain. They are a migratory species that travels seasonally from Mexico to the southwestern United States (Texas, Arizona, California, Nevada, Colorado) . They prefer rocky cliffs in weathered rock fissures and crevices. They have also been discovered roosting in buildings and in terrestrial plants including ponderosa pines, douglas firs, and desert shrubs.

A nursery colony in the Chisos mountains in Brewster County, Big Bend National Park has become quite famous.

( http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/nyctmacr.htm)

(Nowak, 1999)

Range elevation: 0 to 1800 m.

Habitat Regions: temperate ; tropical ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes: desert or dune ; chaparral ; forest ; scrub forest

Aquatic Biomes: coastal

Other Habitat Features: suburban

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Morphology

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Adult males of this species range in head-body length from 145-160 mm, females are smaller (120-139 mm, approx. avg. 132).

The coat of Nyctinomops macrotis is very velvety, glossy, seemingly almost greasy to the touch. The coat is bi-colored, dorsally dark red to dark brown and ventrally substantially lighter.

The wings are long and narrow, and the membrane of the wing is thin and leathery. The tail extends freely somewhere between 40 to 52 mm behind the small tail membrane. The face of Nyctinomops macrotis is black; the ears lay forward and are joined at their bases on top of the head; the muzzle is fairly thin; and the upper lip is very furrowed. The legs of Nyctinomops macrotis are short and very strong.

The dentition of Nyctinomops macrotis is: 1/2 1/1 1/2 3/3

( http://www.ukans.edu/~mammals/nyctic-macr.html;

http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/nyctmacr.htm; Nowak, 1999)

Range mass: 22.0 to 30.0 g.

Average mass: 24 g.

Range length: 120 to 160 mm.

Range wingspan: 417 to 436 mm.

Average wingspan: 427 mm.

Sexual Dimorphism: male larger

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Reproduction

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Once impregnated the females and males tend to part ways. Females separate themselves from the males, and each of the sexes form cave colonies amongst themselves

( http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/nyctmacr.htm; Parish, D.A. and Jones C., 1999;
Nowak, 1999; Klingel, J., 2000 http://www.fw.vt.edu/fishex/nmex_main/species/050037.htm)

The mating season for Nyctinomops macrotis lasts for only a few weeks in the mid to late winter. The female gives birth to a single young sometime in early to mid summer, in mid to late June..

( http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/nyctmacr.htm;
Parish, D.A. and Jones C., 1999; Nowak, 1999; Klingel, J., 2000 http://www.fw.vt.edu/fishex/nmex_main/species/050037.htm)

Breeding season: Late winter / early spring

Range number of offspring: 1 to 1.

Range gestation period: 2 to 3 months.

Average gestation period: 3 months.

Range weaning age: 2 to 3 months.

Average weaning age: 3 months.

Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 3 to 4 months.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 4 months.

Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 3 to 4 months.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 4 months.

Key Reproductive Features: gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization (Internal ); viviparous

The care of the infant is the responsiblity of the females. After conception, the females rely partly on stored body fat and their colony to provide for the unborn infant. After birth, the lactating female provides for her offspring until it is able to function as an adult, which takes somewhere in the range of 2 to 3 months. The development of the offspring is quite rapid; a young bat is very close to full grown and able to fly by October, at an age of 3 to 4 months.

( http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/nyctmacr.htm; Parish, D.A. and Jones C., 1999;
Nowak, 1999; Klingel, J., 2000 http://www.fw.vt.edu/fishex/nmex_main/species/050037.htm)

Parental Investment: altricial ; female parental care

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Lawrence, J. 2002. "Nyctinomops macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Nyctinomops_macrotis.html
author
James Lawrence, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
editor
Kate Teeter, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Ratpenat cuallarg gros americà ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia CA

Ratpenat cuallarg gros americà: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia CA

Große Freischwanzfledermaus ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Die Große Freischwanzfledermaus (Nyctinomops macrotis, Syn.: Tadarida molossa) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Bulldoggfledermäuse, welche in Nord- und Südamerika beheimatet ist. Der Name setzt sich aus dem Griechischen Nyctinomops (bedeutet so viel wie „Tier, das nachts frisst“) und macros (=„groß“) und otos (=„Ohr“) zusammen.

Beschreibung

Die Große Freischwanzfledermaus ist die größte Vertreterin der Gattung Nyctinomops. Das Fell ist glänzend und von einer rötlich-braunen bis schwarzen Farbe. Die Haare sind zweifarbig mit einer hellen, fast weißen Basis und einer dunklen Spitze. Die Ohren sind groß und reichen nach vorne gelegt fast bis zur Schnauze. Sie sind wie bei anderen Vertretern dieser Gattung auf dem Kopf miteinander verbunden. Die Oberlippe ist mit Falten durchzogen. Die Nasenlöcher zeigen zur Seite, liegen weit auseinander und sind durch eine Furche voneinander getrennt. Die Flügel sind lang und schmal, was diese Art zu einem schnellen (>40 km/h), jedoch weniger wendigen Flieger macht.

Männchen sind mit einer Gesamtlänge von 14,5 bis 16 cm größer als Weibchen, die eine Gesamtlänge von 12 bis 13,9 cm erreichen. Bei beiden Geschlechtern beträgt die Flügelspannweite 42 bis 44 cm. Bei der Großen Freischwanzfledermaus sind die Unterarme 58 bis 63 mm lang, der Schwanz 40 bis 57 mm lang, die Hinterfüße 7 bis 11 mm lang und die Ohren 25 bis 32 mm lang. Etwa 25 mm des Schwanzes liegen außerhalb der Schwanzflughaut.[1]

Lebensweise

Nyctinomops macrotis ist wie die meisten Fledermäuse nachtaktiv und ernährt sich von Insekten. Zu den bevorzugten Beutetieren zählen Falter, Grillen, Heuschrecken, fliegende Ameisen, Baumwanzen und Zwergzikaden.

Die Große Freischwanzfledermaus nutzt verschiedenartige Echoortungsrufe zur Orientierung und zum Finden von Beute. In offenem Gelände produzieren sie kurze Rufe mit einer geringen Bandbreite und einer konstanten Frequenz. Nähern sie sich einem Beutetier, so sinkt die Frequenz des Rufs, wobei eine zweite frequenz-modulierte und breitbandige Komponente hinzukommt. In komplexen Umgebungen, wie z. B. in Wäldern, nutzt die Art Rufe mit verschiedenen, überlappenden Obertönen. Die Echoortungsrufe liegen generell meistens unter 20 kHz und sind somit für das menschliche Ohr als laute Klicks hörbar.

Man findet die Art vor allem in rauen, felsigen Gebieten. Tagsüber verstecken sich die Tiere meist in Felsspalten, jedoch auch in Gebäuden, Höhlen und hohlen Bäumen, wo sie Gruppen von bis zu 150 Individuen bilden.

Jedes Weibchen bringt im späten Frühling oder im Frühsommer jeweils ein einziges Jungtier zur Welt. Die Weibchen bilden nach der Geburt sogenannte Mutterkolonien, in denen sie ihre Jungen von den Männchen getrennt aufziehen. Zwischen August und September werden die Jungen selbständig.

Verbreitung und Lebensraum

Die Große Freischwanzfledermaus ist im Süden der Vereinigten Staaten, in Mexiko, auf Kuba, Haiti und Jamaika, sowie von Kolumbien bis Argentinien verbreitet. In Zentralamerika (Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica und Panama) ist die Art nicht nachgewiesen. Sie wird von der IUCN dank der weiten Verbreitung als ungefährdet eingestuft.[2]

Literatur

Quellen

  1. Naughton, Donna (Hrsg.): The Natural History of Canadian Mammals. University of Toronto Press, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4426-4483-0, S. 311–312 (englisch, Nyctinomops macrotis).
  2. Nyctinomops macrotis in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN.

Weblinks

 src=
– Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Große Freischwanzfledermaus: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Die Große Freischwanzfledermaus (Nyctinomops macrotis, Syn.: Tadarida molossa) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Bulldoggfledermäuse, welche in Nord- und Südamerika beheimatet ist. Der Name setzt sich aus dem Griechischen Nyctinomops (bedeutet so viel wie „Tier, das nachts frisst“) und macros (=„groß“) und otos (=„Ohr“) zusammen.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Stq )

provided by wikipedia emerging languages
Nyctinomops Nyctinomops macrotis
Nyctinomops macrotis Systematik Unneroardenge: Fläddermuuse (Microchiroptera) Familie: Molossidae Unnerfamilie: Molossinae Sleek: Nyctinomops Oard: Nyctinomops macrotis Beskrieuwen fon (Gray, 1840)

Nyctinomops macrotis is ne Oard fon Fläddermuus. In n Truchsleek wächt ne kubaniske Nyctinomops macrotis 20,6 Gramm (Unnersoacht wuuden 9 Dierte). Ätter Unnersäikengen in Arizona lieuwet disse Oard in ferscheedene Loundskuppe, toun Biespiel in ne Loundskup mäd Plonten as Pinus ponderosa (Dät is ne Oard fon Fjuurenboom), Näddelboome uut dän Sleek Pseudotsunga (ap Dütsk: Douglasie), man ook in Wüüsten-Gestrup un in Loundskuppe as Steenbierge mäd Kleeuwe, uum tou släipen: Fläddermuuse hongje sik jädden toun släipen in ne Fäls-Kleeuwe un släipe deer mäd dän Kop ätter unnern.

Synonyme

Disse Oard wäd ook mäd uur wietenskuppelke Noomen beteekend:

  • ...aequatoralis J. A. ALLEN, 1914
  • ...affinis J. A. ALLEN, 1900
  • ...auritus WAGNER, 1843
  • ...depressus WARD, 1891
  • ...megalotis DOBSON, 1876
  • ...molossa HERSHKOVITZ, 1949 (nit bloot as "Nyctinomops molossa", man 1959 fon HALL un KELSON ook as Oard uut dän Sleek Tadarida, also "Tadarida molossa"
  • ...nevadensis H. ALLEN, 1894

Wällen

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors

Nyctinomops macrotis: Brief Summary ( Stq )

provided by wikipedia emerging languages

Nyctinomops macrotis is ne Oard fon Fläddermuus. In n Truchsleek wächt ne kubaniske Nyctinomops macrotis 20,6 Gramm (Unnersoacht wuuden 9 Dierte). Ätter Unnersäikengen in Arizona lieuwet disse Oard in ferscheedene Loundskuppe, toun Biespiel in ne Loundskup mäd Plonten as Pinus ponderosa (Dät is ne Oard fon Fjuurenboom), Näddelboome uut dän Sleek Pseudotsunga (ap Dütsk: Douglasie), man ook in Wüüsten-Gestrup un in Loundskuppe as Steenbierge mäd Kleeuwe, uum tou släipen: Fläddermuuse hongje sik jädden toun släipen in ne Fäls-Kleeuwe un släipe deer mäd dän Kop ätter unnern.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors

Big free-tailed bat

provided by wikipedia EN

The big free-tailed bat (Nyctinomops macrotis) is a bat species found in the Americas.

Taxonomy

It was described as a new species in 1839 by British zoologist John Edward Gray. Gray placed it in the now-defunct genus Nyctinomus, with a binomial of Nyctinomus macrotis. The holotype had been collected in Cuba by William Sharp Macleay.[2]

Description

It is the largest member of Nyctinomops,[3] with an average forearm length of 60 mm (2.4 in).[4] Individuals weigh approximately 20.6 g (0.73 oz). It has a wingspan of 417–436 mm (16.4–17.2 in). Its fur is glossy and variable in color, ranging from pale, reddish brown to dark brown or blackish.[4] Its dental formula is 1.1.2.32.1.2.3 for a total of 30 teeth.[3]

Biology and ecology

Based on its wing morphology, it likely has a rapid flight. Its flight speed could exceed 40 km/h (25 mph).[4]

Range and habitat

Its range includes many countries in North, Central, and South America, including: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Suriname, the United States, and Venezuela. It is possibly also found in Uruguay.[1] The individuals documented in Canada and the U.S. states of Iowa and Kansas are considered vagrants or extralimital records. However, the species occurs as a non-vagrant in the U.S. states of Texas, California, Nevada, and Utah.[4] It has been documented at a range of elevations from sea level to 2,600 m (8,500 ft) above sea level.[1]

Conservation

As of 2015, it is evaluated as a least-concern species by the IUCN, which is its lowest conservation priority.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Barquez, R.; Diaz, M. & Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2016) [errata version of 2015 assessment]. "Nyctinomops macrotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T14996A97207443. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T14996A22010988.en. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
  2. ^ Gray, John Edward (1839). "I.—Descriptions of some Mammalia discovered in Cuba by W. S. MacLeay, Esq. With some account of their Habits, extracted from Mr. Mac Leay's notes". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 4 (21): 1–7. doi:10.1080/00222934009512443.
  3. ^ a b Gardner, A. L. (2008). Mammals of South America, Volume 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats. Vol. 1. University of Chicago Press. pp. 433–434. ISBN 978-0226282428.
  4. ^ a b c d Milner, Janie; Jones, Clyde; Jones, J. Knox (1990). "Nyctinomops macrotis". Mammalian Species (351): 1–4. doi:10.2307/3504187. JSTOR 3504187.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Big free-tailed bat: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The big free-tailed bat (Nyctinomops macrotis) is a bat species found in the Americas.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

El murciélago cola de ratón grande (Nyctinomops macrotis),[2]​ también denominado murciélago coludo o de cola suelta grande y moloso de labios arrugados grande,[3]​ es una especie de murciélago que se encuentra tanto en Norteamérica como en Sudamérica y América central.

Distribución

Esta especie tiene una amplia distribución por todo el continente americano. Se puede encontrar en: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Canadá (Columbia Británica), Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Estados Unidos (Arizona, California, Colorado, Kansas, Minnesota, Nevada, Nuevo México, Oklahoma, Texas y Utah), Guayana Francesa, Guyana, Haití, Jamaica, México, Perú, Paraguay, República Dominicana, Surinam, Uruguay y Venezuela.[4][5][6]

Referencias

  1. Barquez, R., Arroyo-Cabrales, J. & Diaz, M. (2008). «Nyctinomops macrotis». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2008 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 23 de septiembre de 2010.
  2. Caracterización biótica de la mastofauna de Franquía
  3. Lista de los Mamíferos de la Reserva Natural Las Lancitas Archivado el 4 de septiembre de 2011 en Wayback Machine.
  4. Distribución geográfica (en inglés)
  5. Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, DeeAnn M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World (en inglés) (3ª edición). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols. (2142 pp.). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.
  6. UICN (en inglés)

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Nyctinomops macrotis: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

El murciélago cola de ratón grande (Nyctinomops macrotis),​ también denominado murciélago coludo o de cola suelta grande y moloso de labios arrugados grande,​ es una especie de murciélago que se encuentra tanto en Norteamérica como en Sudamérica y América central.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Basque )

provided by wikipedia EU

Nyctinomops macrotis Nyctinomops generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Molossinae azpifamilia eta Molossidae familian sailkatuta dago

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Gray (1840) 4 Ann. Nat. Hist. 5. or..

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EU

Nyctinomops macrotis: Brief Summary ( Basque )

provided by wikipedia EU

Nyctinomops macrotis Nyctinomops generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Molossinae azpifamilia eta Molossidae familian sailkatuta dago

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EU

Nyctinomops macrotis ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Nyctinomops macrotis, ou Grand molosse, est une espèce de chauves-souris de la famille des Molossidae.

 src=
Carte de répartition. Les étoiles aux États-Unis représentent des observations au-delà de la répartition habituelle. Les points d'interrogation en Amérique centrale indiquent la présence probable mais non confirmée.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Nyctinomops macrotis (Gray, 1840) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Molossidi diffuso nell'America settentrionale, America meridionale e nei Caraibi.[1][2]

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Pipistrello di medie dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 75 e 85 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 58 e 63 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 40 e 57 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 10 e 12 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 25 e 32 mm e un peso fino a 30 g.[3]

Aspetto

La pelliccia è corta, lucida e vellutata. Le parti dorsali variano dal bruno-rossastro al nerastro con la base dei peli bianca, mentre le parti ventrali sono più chiare. Il muso è nerastro, appuntito, rivolto all'insù e con il labbro superiore ricoperto di pliche cutanee. Le orecchie sono grandi, arrotondate ed unite alla base sulla fronte. Il trago è piccolo e squadrato, mentre l'antitrago semi-circolare. Le ali sono lunghe, strette ed attaccate posteriormente sulla tibia. La coda è lunga, tozza e si estende ben oltre l'ampio uropatagio. Il calcar è lungo.

Biologia

Comportamento

Si rifugia in gruppi fino a 130 individui tra le fessure rocciose di scarpate, in edifici e nelle cavità degli alberi. Effettua migrazioni tra il Messico e gli Stati Uniti d'America. Forma viva in estate, mentre i maschi vivono solitariamente. L'attività predatoria inizia un'ora dopo il tramonto. Il volo è alto e veloce.

Alimentazione

Si nutre di insetti, particolarmente falene e scarafaggi, catturati vicino grandi specchi d'acqua.

Riproduzione

Danno alla luce un piccolo alla volta nel mese di giugno.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è diffusa negli stati della California sud-orientale, Nuovo Messico e Arizona, Nevada sud-orientale, Colorado e Utah meridionali, Texas occidentale e meridionale; Messico eccetto la Penisola della California e la Penisola dello Yucatán, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, Guyana francese, Ecuador, Perù settentrionale ed orientale, Bolivia settentrionale e centrale Brasile, Argentina nord e centro-occidentale, Cuba, Hispaniola e Giamaica.

Vive nelle pinete di Ponderosa, boschi di abeti Douglas e arbusteti fino a 1.800 metri di altitudine.

Stato di conservazione

La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale e la popolazione presumibilmente numerosa, classifica N.macrotis come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Barquez, R., Arroyo-Cabrales, J. & Diaz, M. 2008, Nyctinomops macrotis, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Nyctinomops macrotis, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  3. ^ Reid, 2009.

Bibliografia

  • Alfred L. Gardner, Mammals of South America, Volume 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats, University Of Chicago Press, 2008. ISBN 9780226282404
  • Fiona A. Reid, A field guide to the Mammals of Central America and Southeast Mexico, Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 9780195343236
  • Roland W.Kays & Don E.Wilson, Mammals of North America: (Second Edition), Princeton University Press, 2009. ISBN 9780691140926

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Nyctinomops macrotis: Brief Summary ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Nyctinomops macrotis (Gray, 1840) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Molossidi diffuso nell'America settentrionale, America meridionale e nei Caraibi.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Nyctinomops macrotis is een zoogdier uit de familie van de bulvleermuizen (Molossidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Gray in 1840.

Voorkomen

De soort komt voor in Argentinië, Brazilië, Canada, Colombia, Cuba, de Dominicaanse Republiek, Ecuador, Frans-Guyana, Guyana, Haïti, Jamaica, Suriname, Mexico en de Verenigde Staten.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Nyctinomops macrotis: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Nyctinomops macrotis is een zoogdier uit de familie van de bulvleermuizen (Molossidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Gray in 1840.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Nyctinomops macrotis é uma espécie de morcego da família Molossidae. Pode ser encontrada na América do Norte, Central e do Sul.

Taxonomia

Foi descrito como uma nova espécie em 1839 pelo zoólogo britânico John Edward Gray. Gray o colocou no agora extinto gênero Nyctinomus, com um binômio de Nyctinomus macrotis. O holótipo foi coletado em Cuba por William Sharp Macleay.[1]

Descrição

É o maior integrante do gênero Nyctinomops,[2] com um comprimento médio do antebraço de 60 mm (2.4 in).[3] Pesa aproximadamente 20.6 g (0.73 oz). Tem uma envergadura de 417–436 mm (16.4–17.2 in). Seu pelo é brilhante e de cor variável, variando do marrom pálido ao marrom escuro ou enegrecido.[3] Ao todo, possui 30 dentes.[2]

Biologia e ecologia

Com base na morfologia da asa, provavelmente tem um voo rápido. Sua velocidade de vôo pode exceder 40 km/h (25 mph).[4]

Habitat

Seu alcance inclui muitos países das Américas do Sul, Central e do Norte, incluindo: Argentina, Brasil, Canadá, Colômbia, Cuba, Ecuador, Estados Unidos, Guiana Francesa, Guiana, Haiti, Jamaica, México, Suriname, República Dominicana e Venezuela. Possivelmente também é encontrado no Uruguai.[5] Os indivíduos documentados no Canadá e nos estados norte-americanos de Iowa e Kansas são considerados vagantes ou registros extralimitais. No entanto, a espécie é registrada em outros estados dos EUA, como Texas, Califórnia, Nevada e Utah.[3] Foi documentada em uma variedade de elevações, desde o nível do mar até 2,600 m (8,500 ft) acima do nível do mar.[5]

Conservação

Em 2015, foi avaliada como uma espécie pouco preocupante pela União Internacional para a Conservação da Natureza (IUCN), que é sua prioridade de conservação mais baixa. Tal avaliação foi conferida pois trata-se de espécie com grande extensão geográfica, sendo improvável que esteja experimentando um rápido declínio populacional, bem como sua população é presumivelmente grande.[5]

Referências

  1. Gray, John Edward (1839). «I.—Descriptions of some Mammalia discovered in Cuba by W. S. MacLeay, Esq. With some account of their Habits, extracted from Mr. Mac Leay's notes». Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 4 (21): 1–7. doi:10.1080/00222934009512443
  2. a b Gardner, A. L. (2008). Mammals of South America, Volume 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats. 1. [S.l.]: University of Chicago Press. pp. 433–434. ISBN 978-0226282428
  3. a b c Milner, Janie; Jones, Clyde; Jones, J. Knox (1990). «Nyctinomops macrotis». Mammalian Species (351): 1–4. JSTOR 3504187. doi:10.2307/3504187
  4. Milner, Janie; Jones, Clyde; Jones, J. Knox (26 de abril de 1990). «Nyctinomops macrotis». Mammalian Species (351). 1 páginas. doi:10.2307/3504187
  5. a b c Barquez, R.; Diaz, M.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J. (2015). «Nyctinomops macrotis». Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas. 2015: e.T14996A97207443. doi:{{citar iucn}}: erro: |doi= / |page= mismatch (ajuda)

Bibliografia

  • SIMMONS, N. B. Order Chiroptera. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 312-529.
  • BARQUEZ, R.; ARROYO-CABRALES, J.; DIAZ, M. 2008. Nyctinomops macrotis. In: IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. . Acessado em 10 de fevereiro de 2009.
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia PT

Nyctinomops macrotis: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Nyctinomops macrotis é uma espécie de morcego da família Molossidae. Pode ser encontrada na América do Norte, Central e do Sul.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia PT

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Swedish )

provided by wikipedia SV


Nyctinomops macrotis[2][3][4][5][6] är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Gray 1840. Nyctinomops macrotis ingår i släktet Nyctinomops och familjen veckläppade fladdermöss.[7][8] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[7]

Utseende

Hannar blir med en absolut längd (inklusive svans) av 14,5 till 16 cm större än honor som blir 12 till 13,9 cm långa (med svans). Båda kön har 58 till 63 mm långa underarmar, en 40 till 57 mm lång svans, 7 till 11 mm långa bakfötter och 25 till 32 mm långa öron. Artens vingspann är 42 till 44 cm.[9]

Ungefär 25mm av svansen ligger utanför flygmembranen (delen mellan bakbenen). Beroende på utbredning varierar pälsfärgen mellan rödbrun, mörkbrun eller svartaktig. Nära roten är alla hår vita. På buken är håren kortare och därför är pälsen där ljusare. Liksom alla andra veckläppade fladdermöss har Nyctinomops macrotis flera veck i övre läppen. På hjässan är öronen sammanlänkade med varandra. Öronens tragus är förminskad. Tandformeln är I 1/2 C 1/1 P 2/2 M 3/3, alltså 30 tänder.[9]

Utbredning och habitat

Arten har tre från varandra skilda populationer i Amerika. Den första i sydvästra USA (från Utah och Colorado söderut) och Mexiko, den andra på Kuba, Jamaica och Hispaniola samt den tredje i norra Sydamerika, söderut till norra Argentina och sydöstra Brasilien. Det är omstritt om fladdermusen förekommer i Paraguay och/eller Uruguay. Nyctinomops macrotis lever i låglandet och i bergstrakter upp till 2600 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av olika slags skogar som fuktiga städsegröna skogar, halvtorra lövfällande skogar och barrskogar.[1]

Ekologi

Denna fladdermus jagar insekter och den utför ofta längre vandringar.[1] En individ iakttogs 1938 i British Columbia i Kanada.[9]

Arten jagar huvudsakligen nattfjärilar med hjälp av ekolokalisering. Andra typiska byten är gräshoppor, flygande myror och skalbaggar. Troligen plockar fladdermusen några insekter som saknar flygförmåga från klippor. Nyctinomops macrotis vilar oftast i bergssprickor och dessutom används grottor, byggnader och troligen trädens håligheter som sovplats. Troligen intar några individer ett stelt tillstånd (torpor) under vintern men de flesta exemplaren vandrar till varmare regioner. Denna fladdermus når uppskattningsvis en hastighet av 40 km/h under flyget. Arten kan hoppa för att nå sin flygposition. Nära besläktade arter behöver istället störta från en hög plats för att nå flyghastigheten.[9]

Parningen sker under vintern eller våren men den egentliga dräktigheten börjar senare så att ungen föds under sommaren. Dräktigheten varar två till tre månader och sedan föds allmänt en enda unge. Honor bildar före födelsen egna flockar som är skilda från hannarna. Ungen diar sin mor upp till tre månader och kort efteråt blir den könsmogen.[10]

Sjukdomen white nose syndrome som drabbar många andra fladdermöss i Nordamerika dokumenterades fram till 2010 inte hos Nyctinomops macrotis.[10]

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c d] 2008 Nyctinomops macrotis Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
  2. ^ (1996) , database, NODC Taxonomic Code
  3. ^ Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes (2003) , Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
  4. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., Nyctinomops macrotis
  5. ^ Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World
  6. ^ Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner (1987) Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada, Resource Publication, no. 166
  7. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (17 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/nyctinomops+macrotis/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  8. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26
  9. ^ [a b c d] Naughton, Donna (2012). Nyctinomops macrotis. The Natural History of Canadian Mammals. University of Toronto Press. sid. 311-312. ISBN 978-1-4426-4483-0
  10. ^ [a b] James Lawrence (17 april 2010). ”Big free-tailed bat” (på engelska). Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Nyctinomops_macrotis/. Läst 31 december 2016.

Externa länkar

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia SV

Nyctinomops macrotis: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

provided by wikipedia SV


Nyctinomops macrotis är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Gray 1840. Nyctinomops macrotis ingår i släktet Nyctinomops och familjen veckläppade fladdermöss. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia SV

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Ukrainian )

provided by wikipedia UK

Етимологія

Назва виду походить від грец. μάκρος — «довге» і грец. ωτός — «вухо».

Середовище проживання

Країни мешкання: Аргентина, Бразилія, Канада (Британська Колумбія), Колумбія, Куба, Домініканська Республіка, Еквадор, Французька Гвіана, Гаяна, Гаїті, Ямайка, Мексика, Суринам, США (Аризона, Каліфорнія, Колорадо, Канзас, Міннесота, Невада, Нью-Мексико, Оклахома, Техас, Юта). Поширений від рівня моря до 2600 м у сухих і соснових лісах, знайдений в міських районах.

Морфологія

Морфометрія. Загальна довжина: 180 мм, хвіст: 546 мм, задні ступні: 12 мм, вуха: 28 мм, передпліччя: 58—64 мм, вага: 10—14 грам.

Опис. Nyctinomops macrotis є найбільшим представником роду. Спинне хутро блискуче, варіюється від блідого червонувато-коричневого до темно-коричневого і чорнуватого. Волоски при основі близькі до білих. Зубна формула: I 1/2, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 3/3, всього 30.

Генетика. 2n=48, FN=58 хромосом.

Стиль життя

Сідала лаштує у щілинах скель малими групами. Самиця народжує одне маля в рік і самиці утворюють малі дитсадкові групи. В основному полюють на великих лускокрилих. Вони є сильними літунами й літають на значні відстані від сідал.

Джерела

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Автори та редактори Вікіпедії
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia UK

Nyctinomops macrotis ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Nyctinomops macrotis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi thò đuôi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Gray mô tả năm 1840.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Nyctinomops macrotis”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

Tham khảo

Liên kết ngoài

 src= Phương tiện liên quan tới Nyctinomops macrotis tại Wikimedia Commons


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết dơi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Nyctinomops macrotis: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Nyctinomops macrotis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi thò đuôi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Gray mô tả năm 1840.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

큰자유꼬리박쥐 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

큰자유꼬리박쥐(Nyctinomops macrotis)는 큰귀박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다.[1] 남아메리카북아메리카 그리고 중앙아메리카에서 발견된다. 날개폭은 435mm, 평균 몸길이는 140mm이다. 바위 또는 협곡 지역의 바위틈에서 모여 생활한다. 빠르고 힘있는 비행하는 이동성 동물로 때로는 캐나다와 같은 북쪽 멀리까지 여행하는 개체도 발견된다. 사망률과 수명에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 한겨울에 번식을 하는 것으로 추정되지만, 일부 종은 좀더 따뜻한 위도에서도 번식을 한다. 6월 중순부터 7월초 사이에 한 마리의 새끼를 낳는다. 암컷들은 새끼를 돌보는 작은 무리를 형성하고, 새끼는 거의 완전히 자라기 전까지는 그 무리를 떠나지 않는다. 주로 곤충을 먹는 것으로 추정되지만, 아직 충분한 정보가 수집되지 못하고 있다. 큰자유꼬리박쥐는 저녁 늦게 둥지를 떠나 높은 고도에서 먹이를 찾는다.

각주

  1. Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. Nyctinomops macrotis. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 26 October 2008.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia 작가 및 편집자