Carex salina var. salina

Carex lanceata Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. 29: 249. 1836
Carex cuspidata Wahl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Nya Handl. 24: 164. 1803. (Type from northern Norway.)
Not C. cuspidala Host, 1801. "Carex salina Wahl." Schkuhr, Riedgr. Nachtr. 29. pi. Cccc, f. 185. 1806. (Plant from Norway.) Carex salina var. cuspidata Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 246. 1812. (Based on C. cuspidala Wahl.) Neskiza salina Raf. Good Book 27. 1840. (Based on Carex salina Wahl.) Carex epigeios Fries, Bot. Notiser 1843: 105. 1843. (Type from Scandinavia.)
Carex discolor F. Nyl. Spic. Fl. Fenn. 3 : 12. 1846. (Type from Scandinavia, excluding synonymy.) Carex salina var. minor Boott, 111. Carex 160. pi. 528. 1867. (Only so far as based on C. lanceata
Dewey.) Carex salina var. borealis Almq.; Hartm. Skand. Fl. ed. 11. 465. 1879. (Type from Scandinavia.) Carex affinis F. Nyl.; Nym. Consp. Fl. Europ. Suppl. 2: 323, as synonym. 1890. (Type from
White Sea, Northern Russia.) Not C. affinis R. Br. 1823. Carex salina subsp. cuspidata var. borealis Almq. Bot. Notiser 1891: 126. 1891. (Based on C
salina var. borealis Almq.) Carex salina subsp. cuspidata var. borealis f. discolor Almq. Acta Soc. Faun. Fl. Fenn. 5 : 281. 1895.
(Based on C. discolor F. Nyl.) Carex Lyngbyei X rigida Ostenf. Fl. Arct. 76./ 51. 1902. (Type from Greenland.) Carex salina var. discolor "Almq." Kiikenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4 20 : 362. 1909. (Based on
C. discolor F. Nyl.) Carex salina var. lanceata Kiikenth. in Engler, Pflanzenreich 4 2 °: 362. 1909. (Based on C. lanceata
Drejer.)
Forming beds, the culms one to very few together, from long, creeping, horizontal, slender, blackish rootstocks, the culms 1-3 dm. high, erect, stiff, rather slender, obtusely triangular, smooth, exceeding leaves, dull-reddish-purple at base, aphyllopodic, the basal sheaths breaking and slightly filamentose; leaves with well-developed blades 2-4 to a fertile culm, on lower half, the blades flat, or the margins slightly revolute towards tip, firm, thickish, dull-green, the upper 5-20 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, the lower much reduced, smooth except towards apex, the sheaths thin and whitish or slightly yellowish-tinged ventrally, the ligule wider than long, purple-dotted, retuse at apex; upper 1 or 2 spikes staminate, linear, 1-2 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, the terminal slender-peduncled, the lateral sessile, the scales oblong-obovate, reddish-brown with sharp midvein usually excurrent as a sl-ort awn; pistillate spikes 2 or 3, the upper sometimes staminate at apex, erect-appressed, approximate, the lower short-peduncled, the upper sessile or nearly so (the peduncles nearly smooth), linear-cylindric, 1-3 cm. long, 3-4.5 mm. wide, closely flowered, the perigynia 10-30, erect-appressed in few to several rows; bracts sheathless, the lower 1 or 2 leaf-like, not spathaceous or subspathaceous, exceeding culm, the upper reduced; scales ovate, longer than and about as wide as and concealing perigynia, more or less emarginate above, firm, thickish, convex, amplectant, reddish-brown with 3-nerved greenish-white center excurrent as a greenish-white, rough, short but prominent cusp; perigynia oval-obovoid, 3-3.5 mm. long, 1.5-2 mm. wide, plano-convex, scarcely inflated, 2 -ribbed (the marginal), otherwise nerveless or nearly so, puncticulate, not granular, glaucousgreen, subcoriaceous, rounded and substipitate at base, abruptly apiculate, the beak 0.2 mm. long, whitish, entire; achenes lenticular, loosely enveloped, filling three fourths of perigynium, deeply constricted in middle, dark-brown, shining, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, short-stipitate, very shortly apiculate, jointed with the rather short style; stigmas 2, slender, long.
Type locality: Cumberland River, Hudson Bay.
Distribution: Tidal flats, Hudson Bay and Labrador to Quebec; Alaska; also in northern Europe; erroneously reported from California. (Specimens examined from Quebec, Labrador, Hudson Bay.)