Weeping Bottlebrush

Inflorescència

Callistemon viminalis és una espècie de planta de la família de les Mirtàcies que es distribueix per Nova Gal·les del Sud i Queensland a Austràlia. És un arbre perenne que es troba a sòls fèrtils ben drenats, al llarg de cursos d'aigua. És una espècie de la que s'usa la fusta per a fer estris.

Referències

Enllaços externs

• New South Wales Flora Online: Callistemon viminalis per R. D. Spencer & P. F. Lumley, Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
• «Callistemon viminalis». Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.

Melaleuca viminalis, commonly known as weeping bottlebrush or creek bottlebrush, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae, and is endemic to New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia. (Some Australian state herbaria continue to use the name Callistemon viminalis.^[2]) It is a multi-trunked, large shrub or tree with hard bark, often pendulous foliage and large numbers of bright red bottlebrush flowers in spring and summer. It is possibly the most commonly cultivated melaleuca in gardens and its cultivars are often grown in many countries.

Description

Melaleuca viminalis is a large shrub or small tree growing to 10 m (30 ft) tall with hard, fibrous, furrowed bark, a number of trunks and usually pendulous branches. Its leaves are arranged alternately and are 25–138 mm (1–5 in) long, 3–27 mm (0.1–1 in) wide, more or less flat, very narrow elliptical to narrow egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base and the other end tapering to a sharp point. The leaves have a mid-vein, 9-27 lateral veins and large number of conspicuous oil glands.^{[3][4][5][6][7]}

The flowers are bright red and are arranged in spikes on and around the ends of branches which continue to grow after flowering. The spikes are 35–50 mm (1–2 in) in diameter and 40–100 mm (2–4 in) long with 15 to 50 individual flowers. The petals are 3.4–5.9 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long and fall off as the flower ages and the stamens are arranged in five bundles around the flower. The bundles are sometimes obscure but each contains 9 to 14 stamens. Flowering occurs from September to December and often sporadically throughout the year. Flowering is followed by fruit which are woody capsules, 3.8–4.8 mm (0.1–0.2 in) long and 5–6 mm (0.20–0.24 in) in diameter.^{[3][4][5][6][7]}

Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1788 by Joseph Gaertner, who gave it the name Metrosideros viminalis in De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum.^[8][9] In 1984, Norman Brice Byrnes transferred the species to Melaleuca as M. viminalis in the journal Austrobaileya.^[1][10]

In 2009, Lyndley Craven described Melaleuca viminalis subsp. rhodendron in the journal Novon, and the name, and that of the autonym are accepted by Plants of the World Online:

• Melaleuca viminalis subsp. rhododendron Craven,^[11] a single-stemmed tree growing to 35 metres (100 ft) high, that flowers mostly in September and October, and occurs only in the Injune district in Queensland.^[3][12]
• Melaleuca viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Byrnes subsp. viminalis,^[13] is a multi-trunked shrub or small tree growing to 15 metres (50 ft) high and which often flowers throughout the year;^[3][12]

The specific epithet (viminalis) means "having long, slender branches".^[3]

The Australian Plant Census regards Metrosideros viminalis, Melaleuca viminalis, Melaleuca viminalis subsp. viminalis and Callistemon viminalis subsp. viminalis as synonyms of Callistemon viminalis.^[14]

Distribution and habitat

This melaleuca occurs along the eastern part of Queensland from the Cape York Peninsula south to Moree and Grafton in New South Wales. There are also disjunct populations in the far north and south-west of Western Australia. It mostly grows in and along watercourses, mainly in sandstone or granite country.^[3][4][15]

Ecology

Melaleuca viminalis provides food for nectivores. Its adaptations to survive strong currents during flood events allow it to slow the flow of floodwater and reduce erosion, thereby improving the water quality in streams and rivers. The matted roots of this species also strengthen the soil of riverbanks, further reducing the potential for erosion.^[16]

Use in horticulture

A widely grown garden plant and street tree, usually known as Callistemon viminalis, Melaleuca viminalis is a hardy species in most soils when grown in full sun. It is useful as a screening plant and is suitable for planting as a street tree.^[17] It needs regular watering but can survive drought as a mature plant although it is not frost hardy and will succumb to salt spray.^[6][7]

Many cultivars of this species have been developed as cultivars of Callistemon.^[7] They include:

• C. viminalis 'Captain Cook';
• C. viminalis 'Rose Opal';
• C. viminalis 'Dawson River Weeper';
• C. viminalis 'Hannah Ray';
• C. viminalis 'Prolific';
• C. viminalis 'Hen Camp Creek';
• C. viminalis 'Wild River'.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Callistemon viminalis.

Callistemon viminalis, también conocido como calistemon llorón, es un árbol pequeño o arbusto grande en la familia Myrtaceae.

Inflorescencia

Distribución

Es nativo de los estados de Nueva Gales del Sur y Queensland en Australia donde con frecuencia se encuentra a lo largo de cursos de agua.

Descripción

El calistemon llorón crece hasta los 8 metros de altura y tiene ramas sobresalientes, sus hojas miden entre 3 y 7 cm de largo y 3 a 7 mm de ancho. Las espigas florales rosas fibrosas, las cuales miden entre 4 a 10 cm de largo y alrededor de 3 a 6 cm de diámetro, aparecen entre la primavera y el verano.

Taxonomía

Callistemon viminalis fue descrita por (Gaertn.) G.Don y publicado en Loudon's Hortus Britannicus. A catalogue . . . 197. 1830.^[1]​

Etimología

Callistemon: nombre genérico que proviene del griego, y significa de "estambres hermosos", aludiendo a lo espectacular de sus inflorescencias.

Viminalis, epíteto que proviene del latín y significa de "tallos delgados y flexibles", característica de este arbolito que le da un porte llorón.^[2]​

Sinonimia

• Metrosideros viminalis Sol. ex Gaertn. (1788).
• Melaleuca viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Byrnes (1984).
• Melaleuca viminalis var. minor Byrnes (1984).^[3]​

Referencias

Bibliografía

1. Berendsohn, W.G., A. K. Gruber & J. A. Monterrosa Salomón. 2012. Nova Silva Cuscatlanica. Árboles nativos e introducidos de El Salvador. Parte 2: Angiospermae – Familias M a P y Pteridophyta. Englera 29(2): 1–300.
2. Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. (eds.) 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. Fl. Mesoamer. 4(1): 1–855.
3. Linares, J. L. 2003 [2005]. Listado comentado de los árboles nativos y cultivados en la república de El Salvador. Ceiba 44(2): 105–268.
4. Pool, A. 2001. Callistemon, Meleleuca, Eucalyptus. En: Stevens, W.D., C. Ulloa, A. Pool & O.M. Montiel (eds.), Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: 1565–1566, 1568–1569, 1574–1575.
5. Stevens, W. D., C. Ulloa Ulloa, A. Pool & O. M. Montiel Jarquin. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: i–xlii,.

Callistemon viminalis également connu sous le nom de Callistemon pleureur est un arbuste ou un petit arbre de la famille des Myrtaceae. Il est originaire des États de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud et du Queensland en Australie, où il pousse souvent le long des cours d'eau.

Il peut atteindre 8 mètres de hauteur et a des branches pendantes avec des feuilles de 3 à 7 cm de long et de 3 à 7 mm de large. Les fleurs d'un rouge vif font 4 à 10 cm de longueur et environ 3 à 6 cm de diamètre apparaissent entre le printemps et l'été.

Ne pas trop l'arroser.

Galerie

• Feuilles

• Fleurs

• Fruits

Notes et références

Melaleuca viminalis ((Sol. ex Gaertn.) Byrnes, 1984) è un arbusto appartenente alla famiglia delle Myrtaceae, originario dell'Australia orientale^[2].

Raggiunge un'altezza di 5/6 metri ed è molto resistente alle malattie e alla siccità. Coltivato per scopo ornamentale ha anche un limitato uso come fronda recisa per confezionare mazzi di fiori.

Deve il suo nome alle vistose infiorescenze sottili e cilindriche di colore rosso acceso.

Tassonomia

Di M. viminalis, oltre a quella nominale, è accettata una sola sottospecie^[2]:

• Melaleuca viminalis subsp. rhododendron Craven^[3]

Note

Calistemo, Escova-de-garrafa, lava-garrafas, cauda de gato ou bottlebrush (Callistemon viminalis G. Don ex Loud.; Myrtaceae) é uma árvore de porte médio (até 7 metros) originária da Oceania e Austrália. Seu ciclo de vida é perene.

Descrição

É uma árvore de folhas pequenas (aproximadamente 7 cm), em formato lanceolado, perenes e perfurmadas. Seus galhos caem com o tempo, assim como os ramos do Salgueiro-chorão. As flores são o ponto de destaque da planta. Os estames e carpelo vermelhos são mais desenvolvidos e destacam-se mais do que as pequenas pétalas brancas, assim atraindo muitos insetos polinizadores. Quando polinizada, a flor dá origem a frutos pequenos que ficam aderidos aos ramos. Seu tronco é bastante rugoso e de coloração marrom acinzentada.

Callistemon viminalis là một loài thực vật có hoa trong Họ Đào kim nương. Loài này được (Sol. ex Gaertn.) G.Don ex Loudon mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1830.^[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

Liên kết ngoài

• Phương tiện liên quan tới Callistemon viminalis tại Wikimedia Commons
• Dữ liệu liên quan tới Callistemon viminalis tại Wikispecies
• Vườn thực vật hoàng gia Kew; Đại học Harvard; Australian Plant Name Index (biên tập). “Callistemon viminalis”. International Plant Names Index. Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Bài viết phân họ thực vật Myrtoideae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.

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• Melaleuca viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) Byrnes
• Metrosideros viminalis Sol. ex Gaertn.basionym

• 1 Ботаническое описание
• 2 Распространение и экология
• 3 Примечания
• 4 Ссылки

串錢柳（Tall Bottle-brush，學名 C. viminalis G. Don），桃金娘科紅千層屬，常綠灌木或小喬木，最高能生至8米，原生於澳洲的新南威爾斯及昆士蘭，現時在全球不少城市或花園中擔當當地的顯花觀賞植物。

特徵

串錢柳的樹皮與同屬植物紅千層一樣，褐色，厚而縱裂。除主莖挺拔之外其他枝條均柔軟下垂，長線形的葉在其上互生，前端及基部銳尖。

串錢柳這名字得名於它獨特的果實。木質蒴果結成時在枝條上緊貼其上，略圓且數量繁多，好像把中國古時的銅錢串在一起的感覺，加上柔軟的枝條如揚柳一般。

每逢3月至5月間，大部分枝條上均開滿長串紅色的穗狀花序，懸滿每支，是一種奪目的觀賞植物。

• 串錢柳的木質蒴果

外部連結

• （英文）澳洲政府介紹

參考資料

• 《樹影花蹤－九龍公園樹木研習徑》，香港園藝學會 著，天地圖書 出版，2005年4月。116-117頁。ISBN 988211147-5。