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African Amaranth

Amaranthus muricatus (Moquin-Tandon) Hieronymus

Comments

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The vernacular name "African amaranth" is sometimes used for this species; it is a misnomer; the species is native to South America and naturalized in Africa.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
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Flora of North America Vol. 4: 414, 430, 431 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Plants annual or short-lived perennial, glabrous or slightly pubescent near tips. Stems ascending or prostrate, much-branched from stout rootstock, 0.1-0.4 m. Leaves: petiole to 1/2 as long as blade; blade linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1.5-8 × 0.2-0.5(-1) mm, base tapering, margins entire, plane to undulate, apex obtuse and often emarginate. Inflorescences terminal, compact pyramidal panicles and axillary glomerules, erect or reflexed, green, leafless at least distally. Bracts of pistillate flowers linear, 0.7-1.2 mm, 1/2-2/3 as long as tepals. Pistillate flowers: tepals 5, narrowly oblanceolate, not clawed, equal, 1.5-2 mm, apex obtuse or subacute; style branches erect; stigmas 3. Staminate flowers intermixed with pistillate or at tips of inflorescences; tepals 5; stamens 5. Utricles compressed, subglobose, 1.7-2 mm, ± equaling or slightly exceeding tepals, muricate, indehiscent. Seeds black, lenticular, 1-1.2 mm diam., semiglossy.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 4: 414, 430, 431 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Distribution

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introduced; Ala.; s South America (Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay); introduced in s Europe, s Africa, Australia, and other regions.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 4: 414, 430, 431 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flowering/Fruiting

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Flowering summer-fall.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 4: 414, 430, 431 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Habitat

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Waste places, on ballast; 0m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 4: 414, 430, 431 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Euxolus muricatus Moquin-Tandon in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(2): 276. 1849
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 4: 414, 430, 431 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Amaranthus muricatus (Moq.) Gillies; (Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13 2 : 276, as synonym. 1849) Hicken, Apunt. Hist. Nat. 2: 92.
1910.
Euxolus muricatus Moq. in DC. Prodr. 13 2 : 276. 1849.
Stems slender, erect or ascending, flexuous, 3-7 dm. high, sulcate-striate, glabrous, much branched; petioles 5-15 mm. long; leaf-blades linear to oblong-linear, 2-8 cm. long, rounded at the apex, apiculate, attenuate at the base and decurrent, deep-green, glabrous; flowers monoecious, in dense, often interrupted, erect or drooping, paniculate spikes, these 1.5-6 cm. long; bracts broadly ovate, obtuse or acutish, shorter than the flowers; sepals 5, narrowly. oblong, obtuse or acutish, 1-nerved, mucronate, 1.75 mm. long; stamens 3; style-branches 3, short; utricle subglobose, about equaling the sepals, indehiscent, strongly rugosetuberculate; seed obovoid, 1.5 mm. long, dark reddish-brown or black, dull.
Typ:^ locality: Near Mendoza, Argentina.
Distribution: Argentina; adventive about Mobile, Alabama; adventive, also, in France and Spain.
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bibliographic citation
Paul Carpenter Standley. 1917. (CHENOPODIALES); AMARANTHACEAE. North American flora. vol 21(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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Amaranthus muricatus

provided by wikipedia EN

Amaranthus muricatus, the so-called African amaranth, is a species in the genus Amaranthus native to South America; Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay. It is an invasive species in Africa, Europe and Australia, and to a lesser degree in North America and Asia.[2] It is a decumbent perennial that does well in arid climates.[3]

A. muricatus may grow to about 60 cm tall. Its glabrous leaves are linear to lanceolate, about 2-5 cm long, with long petioles.[4] Small flowers are produced on compact, pyramidal panicles.[5] These flowers, which appear in summer and fall, produce wrinkled achenes, about 2 mm long, containing semiglossy, black, lenticular seeds that are typically 1-1.2 mm in diameter.[6][7]

References

  1. ^ Bol. Acad. Nac. Ci. Republ. Argent. 4: 421 (1881)
  2. ^ a b "Amaranthus muricatus (Gillies ex Moq.) Hieron". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 18 September 2020.
  3. ^ Escudero, N.L.; Albarracín, G.; Fernández, S.; De Arellano, L.M.; Mucciarelli, S. (1999). "Nutrient and antinutrient composition of Amaranthus muricatus" (PDF). Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 54 (4): 327–336. doi:10.1023/A:1008149721435. PMID 10798343. S2CID 18987386. Retrieved 18 September 2020.
  4. ^ Mifsud, Stephen (2002-08-23). "Amaranthus muricatus (African Amaranth): MaltaWildPlants.com - the online Flora of the Maltese Islands". www.maltawildplants.com. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
  5. ^ "Amaranthus muricatus in Global Plants on JSTOR". plants.jstor.org. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
  6. ^ "Amaranthys muricatus: Rough-fruited Amaranth". National Biodiversity Network Atlas. Retrieved April 29, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ "Amaranthus muricatus (Gillies ex Moq.) Hieron". floraofgibraltar.myspecies.info. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
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Amaranthus muricatus: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Amaranthus muricatus, the so-called African amaranth, is a species in the genus Amaranthus native to South America; Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay. It is an invasive species in Africa, Europe and Australia, and to a lesser degree in North America and Asia. It is a decumbent perennial that does well in arid climates.

A. muricatus may grow to about 60 cm tall. Its glabrous leaves are linear to lanceolate, about 2-5 cm long, with long petioles. Small flowers are produced on compact, pyramidal panicles. These flowers, which appear in summer and fall, produce wrinkled achenes, about 2 mm long, containing semiglossy, black, lenticular seeds that are typically 1-1.2 mm in diameter.

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Amaranthus muricatus ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Amaranthus muricatus, es una especie herbácea cosmopolita perteneciente a la familia Amaranthaceae.

Descripción

Es una hierba perenne, rizomatosa, que crece postrada sobre el suelo, con tallos blanquecinos. Forma una panícula de flores terminales, pentámeras o tetrámeras, raramente trímeras. Frutos fuertemente rugosos en la madurez. Originaria de América del Sur.[1]

Hábitat y distribución

Es nativa de América del Sur e introducida en la región del mediterráneo occidental. En España se encuentra en la mitad este peninsular, donde es relativamente frecuente como ruderal en lugares ácidos y básicos. Escasa en el centro y norte. [2]

Taxonomía

Amaranthus muricatus fue descrita por (Moq.) Hieron. y publicado en Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Córdoba, Argentina (2): 421. 1882.[3]

Etimología

amaranthus: nombre genérico que procede del griego amaranthos, que significa "flor que no se marchita".

muricatus: epíteto que procede del latín murex, que es el nombre de un molusco con concha pinchuda, aludiendo a los frutos rugosos.[4]

Sinonimia

Nombres comunes

  • Catalán: amarant muricat.[5]
  • Castellano: yerba meona, meonita.

Referencias

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Amaranthus muricatus: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Amaranthus muricatus, es una especie herbácea cosmopolita perteneciente a la familia Amaranthaceae.

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Amaranthus muricatus ( Portuguese )

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Amaranthus muricatus é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Amaranthaceae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é (Moq.) Hieron., tendo sido publicada em Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Córdoba, Argentina 4(2): 421. 1882.

Portugal

Trata-se de uma espécie presente no território português, nomeadamente em Portugal Continental e no Arquipélago da Madeira.

Em termos de naturalidade é introduzida nas duas regiões atrás referidas.

Protecção

Não se encontra protegida por legislação portuguesa ou da Comunidade Europeia.

Referências

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Amaranthus muricatus: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

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Amaranthus muricatus é uma espécie de planta com flor pertencente à família Amaranthaceae.

A autoridade científica da espécie é (Moq.) Hieron., tendo sido publicada em Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Córdoba, Argentina 4(2): 421. 1882.

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Amaranthus muricatus ( Ukrainian )

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Опис

Багаторічна, трав'яниста, кореневищна рослина з білуватими стеблами. Стебла 15-55 см, голі. Листові пластини 2–8 х 0,3–2,5 см, лінійні або ланцетні. Суцвіття — пазушна і кінцева волоть. Сім'янки (1,7-) 2 мм, грубі. Насіння 1-1,5 мм, чорного кольору. Цвіте з червня по жовтень.

Середовище проживання

Батьківщина: Південна Америка: Аргентина; Парагвай; Уругвай; Болівія. Інвазивний вид, натуралізований у США, Австралії, Африці та Середземномор'ї: Балеарські острови, Канарські острови, Мадейра, Франція, Греція, Іспанія, Гібралтар, Італія, Португалія, Марокко, Мальта.

Примітки

Посилання


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Amaranthus muricatus ( Vietnamese )

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Amaranthus muricatus là loài thực vật có hoa thuộc họ Dền. Loài này được (Gillies ex Moq.) Hieron. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1881.[1]

Tham khảo

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Amaranthus muricatus. Truy cập ngày 23 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết về phân họ Dền này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Amaranthus muricatus: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Amaranthus muricatus là loài thực vật có hoa thuộc họ Dền. Loài này được (Gillies ex Moq.) Hieron. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1881.

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