Comments
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H. M. Hall and F. E. Clements (1923) treated
Atriplex tatarica at specific level with the above distribution (as an introduced ballast plant of rare occurrence), but did not recognize the closely similar
A. laciniata, which is currently the species recognized for coastal eastern America. They evidently interpreted
A. tatarica to include
A. lampa Gillies as identified by P. C. Standley (1916).
Atriplex lampa is a shrubby species from South America and does not figure in consideration of North American taxa.
Atriplex tatarica includes a complex of forms and varieties in
Flora URSS (M. M. Iljin 1936). In
Flora Europaea (P. Aellen 1964b)
A. tatarica and
A. laciniata are separated in the key by the glomerules of
A. tatarica being borne in terminal, leafless, often long panicles, whereas those of
A. laciniata are borne axillary or in leafy clusters. The species differ otherwise in stature,
A. laciniata being a dwarf plant up to 30 cm and with small leaves,
A. tatarica being a robust annual up to 150 cm, and with large leaves. The illustration by Hall and Clements (fig. 38) shows a plant with leafy panicle.
Atriplex tatarica has been ignored by H. A. Gleason and A. Cronquist (1991) and by all other authors of floras covering the northeastern United States.
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Comments
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A polymorphic species, considered as good forage for animals. R.R. Stewart 26394 (BM) lacks female flowers and is tentatively placed here.
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Description
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Herbs, much branched, forming tangled or spreading masses. Stems with branches divaricate or ascending, terete or obtusely angled, 2-10(-15) dm, sparsely scurfy when young. Leaves alternate (or the proximalmost opposite), long petiolate becoming nearly sessile distally, blade ovate to triangular, 15-50(-60) × 10-40 mm, base subhastate or cuneate, margin deeply or shallowly sinuate-dentate with acute or obtuse teeth, apex acute or obtuse, distalmost bracteate blades becoming entire and linear or oblong-linear. Staminate flowers in glomerules borne in slender, naked or sparingly bracteate (at base), mostly interrupted simple or paniculate spikes, calyx 5-cleft. Pistillate flowers fascicled in distal axils. Fruiting bracteoles strongly 3-veined and reticulate, sessile or short stipitate, ovate-rhombic or subflabelliform, 4-8 × 3-7 mm, moderately compressed, united from narrowed base to middle, margin broad, foliaceous, coarsely dentate, indurate at maturity, faces tuberculate or smooth. Seeds brown, 1.5-2 mm; radicle inferior, ascending.
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Description
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Herbs annual, 20-80 cm tall. Stem erect or decumbent, usually much branched, bark of lower stem exfoliating; branches slender, obliquely spreading. Petiole short or to 2 cm; leaf blade linear-oblong to triangular-ovate, 2-7 × 1-4 cm, abaxially densely gray-white furfuraceous, adaxially green and not furfuraceous, base cuneate to broadly so, margin irregularly serrate, sinuately lobed, remotely toothed, or entire, apex acute or shortly acuminate, with pellucid tip. Inflorescences axillary glomerules forming panicles on upper stem and branches; rachis densely furfuraceous. Male flowers: perianth obconic, 5-parted; stamens 5; anthers oblong. Fruiting bracts connate proximally, rhombic-ovate to ovate, basal central part yellow-white with prominent veins, sometimes with a few tuberculate appendages, margins ± dentate. Utricle ovoid or subglobose, compressed; pericarp white, membranous, adnate to seed. Seed vertical, yellow-brown to red-brown, 1.5-2.5 mm in diam.; perisperm yellow-brown, solid. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.
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Description
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Annual, (10-) 30-80 cm high, erect or ascending, branched, scurfy-mealy, becoming glabrescent or glabrous later; stem indurated, angular-striate. Leaves up to 6 x 3 cm, lower, long-petiolate, triangular-deltoid to lanceolate-hastate, rounded or acuminate at apex, mostly irregularly sinuate-dentate or incised or laciniate (lobes sometimes lobulate), prominently nerved and scurfy-canescent on both sides. Flowers in clusters and solitary, the former with staminate and pistillate flowers forming mostly leafless short spikes or panicles; the latter only pistillate, scattered in the axils of middle and upper leaves. Perianth of staminate flower 5, obtuse-segmented, fruiting valves 5-8 x 2-5 mm, orbicular or oblong-rhombic, dentate or entire, with or without appendages on back. Stigmas 2, connate at base. Seeds 1.5 mm across, lenticular, black-brown.
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Distribution
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introduced; Ala., Conn., Fla., Mass., N.H., N.J., Pa.; Europe.
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Distribution
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Distribution: Mediterranean, C. Europe, Asia (C. & W.) to Pakistan Himalayas.
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Flowering/Fruiting
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Flowering late summer-fall.
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Habitat
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Atlantic and Gulf coasts, ballast and waste grounds; 0-50m.
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Habitat & Distribution
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Saline and alkaline deserts, Gobi desert, wet plains, sometimes on field margins. W Gansu, N Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang [Mongolia, N Pakistan, Russia (Siberia); N Africa, C and SW Asia, Europe; naturalized in many other regions of the world].
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Synonym
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Atriplex laciniata L., Sp.Pl. 1053, 1753 (p.p); Aellen in Tutin et al., l.c. 96; A. incisa M.Bieb., Fl.Taur-Cauc. 3:641. 1819; Teutilopsis tatarica (L.) Celak. in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. 22:169.1872.
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Atriplex tatarica
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Atriplex tatarica is a species of plant belonging to the family Amaranthaceae.[1] Its native range spans a large area of Middle and western Central Asia, Asia Minor, North Africa, and Eastern Europe.[2]
Description
Atriplex tatarica is an annual plant that has a white branched taproot. The height of A. tatarica varies and can be anywhere from 10 centimeters (3.9 inches) to 1 meter (3.3 feet) in height.[2] The pattern of leaf arrangement is alternate at all but the 2-4 lowermost nodes, which exhibit opposite leaf arrangement. Its leaves are petiolate, 2–5 centimeters (0.79–1.97 inches) long, 0.5–2 centimeters (0.20–0.79 inches) wide and are variously shaped. A. tatarica exhibits both female and male flora within a plant. Flowers are observed in clusters or solitary.[2] As with other species in the genus Atriplex, A. tatarica is described to express heterocarpy as it produces two fruit types that vary in both size and color. Variation is also seen in chromosome number based on region. In Central Europe only diploid (2n = 18) plants have been observed, whereas in Russia both diploid (2n = 18) and tetraploid (2n = 36) plants have been found.[2]
Geographical distribution
A. tatarica has a widespread native distribution covering Middle Asia, Western Mongolia and Northwestern China as far north as Mongolian Altai. It spans Asia Minor as well as North Africa and South-East Europe. It has even spread to parts of the Eastern United States with A. tatarica being observed in Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New Hampshire.[1][2]
Habitat
Inside its native distribution area of Middle and the western parts of Central Asia and Central Europe, A. tatarica is typically found in large populations in coastal solonchaks (areas with soil having high concentrations of soluble salts). It is reported as having strong tolerance to both nutrient and salinity gradients, and is also typically found in ruderal habitats. It is an early successional plant inhabiting urban areas, road margins, railways, dumps, and dung hills.[2] The plant's propagation along roadways can be attributed to its bracteole covered seeds which readily adhere to rubber tires.[2]
References
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Atriplex tatarica: Brief Summary
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Atriplex tatarica is a species of plant belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. Its native range spans a large area of Middle and western Central Asia, Asia Minor, North Africa, and Eastern Europe.
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