Definition: Hemiboreal pine and birch-pine herb-rich open forests on fertile soils of the Southern Urals and Southern Siberia, and relict birch-poplar forests of Europe
Definition: Oak, mixed deciduous and conifer open forests of warm regions in the cool-temperate nemoral zone of Central and Southern Europe and in the supramediterranean belt of the Mediterranean, Asia Minor and Middle East
Definition: Thermophilous forest fringe and tall-herb vegetation in nutrient-poor sites in the submediterranean to subboreal zones of Europe and the Macaronesia
