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Pika Tibet ( 布列塔尼语 )

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Pika Tibet (Ochotona thibetana) a zo ur bronneg geotdebrer hag a vev en India, Tibet, Bhoutan, Sina ha Myanmar.

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Pica tibetana ( 加泰罗尼亚语;瓦伦西亚语 )

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Ochotona thibetana és una espècie de pica de la família dels ocotònids que viu a la Xina, a l'Índia i, possiblement també, a Bhutan.

Referències

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Pica tibetana: Brief Summary ( 加泰罗尼亚语;瓦伦西亚语 )

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Ochotona thibetana és una espècie de pica de la família dels ocotònids que viu a la Xina, a l'Índia i, possiblement també, a Bhutan.

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Moupin-Pfeifhase ( 德语 )

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Der Moupin-Pfeifhase, Tibetische Pfeifhase oder Tibet-Pfeifhase (Ochotona thibetana) ist eine Säugetierart aus der Familie der Pfeifhasen (Ochotonidae) innerhalb der Hasenartigen (Lagomorpha). Ihr Verbreitungsgebiet befindet sich im Bereich des tibetischen Hochlandes und des Himalaya in Teilen der Volksrepublik China, Indien, Bhutan und dem äußersten Norden von Myanmar.

Merkmale

Der Moupin-Pfeifhase ist ein vergleichsweise kleiner Pfeifhase mit einer Körperlänge von 14 bis 18 Zentimetern bei einem Gewicht von 72 bis 136 Gramm, damit ist er etwas größer als Ochotona cansus.[1] Er hat im Sommer ein sandbraunes, dunkel rot- bis teebraunes oder dunkelbraunes Fell, wobei die Färbungen regional variieren können. Am Hals befindet sich ein deutlicher sandbrauner Kragen, der sich in der Mitte der Bauchseite fortsetzt. Die Bauchseite ist ansonsten mattgrau, matt graugelb, ockerfarben oder weiß. Die Ohren sind dunkelbraun mit einem schmalen, weißen Rand. Im Winter ist die Rückenfärbung mattbraun bis sandfarben. Die Ohren erreichen eine Länge von 17 bis 23 Millimeter, die Hinterfüße sind 24 bis 32 Millimeter lang und an der Unterseite leicht behaart.[1][2]

Der Schädel ist in Relation zur Körpergröße vergleichsweise groß. Im Vergleich zu Ochotona cansus ist er etwas größer mit weiterem Jochbogen. Die Schneidezahn- und Gaumenfenster gehen bei dieser Art ineinander über und bilden ein gemeinsames Fenster. Die Paukenblase ist groß ausgebildet. Im Profil ist der Schädel birnenförmig und etwas breiter als der von Ochotona cansus.[1]

Verbreitung

 src=
Verbreitungsgebiet des Moupin-Pfeifhasen

Der Moupin-Pfeifhase lebt im Bereich des tibetischen Hochlandes und des Himalaya in Teilen der Volksrepublik China, Indien, Bhutan und dem äußersten Norden von Myanmar. In China ist das Verbreitungsgebiet auf die Provinzen Qinghai, Yunnan, Sichuan, Gansu sowie das südliche Tibet begrenzt, in Indien kommt die Art nur mit der Untertart O. c. sikimaria im Bundesstaat Sikkim vor.[3]

Die Höhenverbreitung der Tiere liegt normalerweise zwischen 2400 und 4100 Metern, die Art wurde jedoch auch bereits in Höhen von 1800 Metern dokumentiert.[3]

Lebensweise

Der Lebensraum des Moupin-Pfeifhasen besteht vor allem aus Rhododendron- und Bambus-Wäldern in moderaten Höhen bis zu Wäldern der Hochlagen sowie steinigen Flächen unter Baumbeständen.[1][2] Dabei leben die Tiere in einfachen, selbst gegrabenen Bauten. Sie sind tag- und teilweise auch nachtaktiv und ernähren sich generalistisch von Pflanzenteilen, die sie wie andere Pfeifhasen zu Heuhaufen schichten.[1]

Die Fortpflanzungszeit reicht vom April bis zum Juli.[3] Die Weibchen bringen in dieser Zeit mehrere Würfe mit jeweils 1 bis 5 Jungtieren zur Welt.[1][2]

Systematik

Der Moupin-Pfeifhase wird als eigenständige Art den Pfeifhasen (Gattung Ochotona) und der Untergattung Ochotona zugeordnet.[4] Historisch wurden mit dem Gansu-Pfeifhasen (Ochotona cansus), Ochotona forresti, Ochotona huangensis und dem Nubra-Pfeifhasen (Ochotona nubrica) mehrere später als eigenständige Arten anerkannte Taxa Ochotona thibetana zugeordnet.[4]

Insgesamt werden mit der Nominatform je nach Quelle drei bis fünf Unterarten unterschieden. Dabei handelt es sich neben der Nominatform O. t. thibetana um O. t. nangqenica und O. c. sikimaria[5] sowie teilweise zusätzlich um O. t. osgoodi und O. t. sacraria.[4][3] O. t. osgoodi wurde sowohl als eigene Art beschrieben wie auch Ochotona pusilla als Unterart zugeordnet,[4] aktuell wird der jedoch als Synonym des Forrest-Pfeifhasen (Ochotona forresti) betrachtet.[6] Die isoliert lebenden Bestände von Ochotona sikimaria, früher auch Ochotona cansus zugeordnet, wurden 2016 nach molekularbiologischen Untersuchungen zur eigenen Art erhoben. Sie weist deutliche genetische Unterschiede zum Moupin-Pfeifhasen, dem Gansu-Pfeifhasen und dem Schwarzlippigen Pfeifhase (O. curzoniae) auf.[7]

Gefährdung und Schutz

Die Art wird von der International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) aufgrund ihres großen Verbreitungsgebietes als nicht gefährdet (least concern) eingestuft.[3] Der Moupin-Pfeifhase gilt im größten Teil seines Verbreitungsgebietes als häufig und in Teilen des Verbreitungsgebietes, speziell in der Provinz Gansu, wird er als Schädling betrachtet und bekämpft. Als mögliche Bedrohung für die Bestände der Art wird vor allem die Entwaldung großer Gebiete in China angenommen.[3]

Belege

  1. a b c d e f Moupin pika. In: Andrew T. Smith, Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, 2008; S. 286–287. ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2.
  2. a b c Joseph A. Chapman, John E. C. Flux (Hrsg.): Rabbits, Hares and Pikas. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. (PDF-Datei; 10,74 MB) International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), Gland 1990; S. 52–53. ISBN 2-8317-0019-1.
  3. a b c d e f Ochotona thibetana in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2012.2. Eingestellt von: Andrew T. Smith, A.F. Boyer, 2008. Abgerufen am 2. Januar 2012.
  4. a b c d Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (Hrsg.): Ochotona (Ochotona) thibetana in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed).
  5. A.A. Lissovsky: Moupin Pika - Ochotona thibetana. In: Don E. Wilson, T.E. Lacher, Jr., Russell A. Mittermeier (Herausgeber): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Lagomorphs and Rodents 1. (HMW, Band 6), Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2016; S. 47. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4
  6. A.A. Lissovsky: Forrest's Pika - Ochotona forresti. In: Don E. Wilson, T.E. Lacher, Jr., Russell A. Mittermeier (Herausgeber): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Lagomorphs and Rodents 1. (HMW, Band 6), Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2016; S. 58. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4
  7. Nishma Dahal, Andrey A. Lissovsky, Zhenzhen Lin, Katherine Solari, Elizabeth A. Hadly, Xiangjiang Zhan, Uma Ramakrishnan: Genetics, morphology and ecology reveal a cryptic pika lineage in the Sikkim Himalaya. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 15. September 2016. DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.09.015.

Literatur

Weblinks

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Moupin-Pfeifhase: Brief Summary ( 德语 )

由wikipedia DE提供

Der Moupin-Pfeifhase, Tibetische Pfeifhase oder Tibet-Pfeifhase (Ochotona thibetana) ist eine Säugetierart aus der Familie der Pfeifhasen (Ochotonidae) innerhalb der Hasenartigen (Lagomorpha). Ihr Verbreitungsgebiet befindet sich im Bereich des tibetischen Hochlandes und des Himalaya in Teilen der Volksrepublik China, Indien, Bhutan und dem äußersten Norden von Myanmar.

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Pika ta' Moupin ( 马耳他语 )

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Il-Pika ta' Moupin (Ochotona thibetana) hija speċi ta' mammiferu plaċentat tal-familja Ochotonidae fl-ordni Lagomorpha.

Din l-ispeċi tagħmel parti mill-grupp tal-piki ta' l-isteppa li hu magħmul minn 9 speċi u miġburin fis-sottoġeneru Ochotona.

Il-Pika ta' Moupin hija speċi ta' pika li tħaffer il-bejta taħt l-art u tħobb ambjent ta' foresta tal-bambu jew forest alpina minn għoli moderat ta' madwar 1,800m u aktar. Din l-ispeċi f'mod globali qiegħda klassifikata mil-"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species" bħala speċi bil-popolazjoniji stabili u mifruxa, b'hekk din qiegħda mniżżla fi stat ta' "L-inqas ħsieb" ("Least Concern"), eċċezzjoni hija is-sottospeċi "O. thibetana sikimaria" li qiegħda fi stat ta' "periklu ta' estinzjoni" ("Endangered").

Distribuzzjoni

Din hija speċi taċ-Ċina u l-Indja u jista jkun li tinsab fil-Butan ukoll.

Klassifikazzjoni

Referenzi

  • Hoffmann, Robert S., Andrew T. Smith (November 16, 2005). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds) Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 191-192. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  • Lagomorph Specialist Group (1996).Ochotona thibetana. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
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Pika ta' Moupin: Brief Summary ( 马耳他语 )

由wikipedia emerging languages提供

Il-Pika ta' Moupin (Ochotona thibetana) hija speċi ta' mammiferu plaċentat tal-familja Ochotonidae fl-ordni Lagomorpha.

Din l-ispeċi tagħmel parti mill-grupp tal-piki ta' l-isteppa li hu magħmul minn 9 speċi u miġburin fis-sottoġeneru Ochotona.

Il-Pika ta' Moupin hija speċi ta' pika li tħaffer il-bejta taħt l-art u tħobb ambjent ta' foresta tal-bambu jew forest alpina minn għoli moderat ta' madwar 1,800m u aktar. Din l-ispeċi f'mod globali qiegħda klassifikata mil-"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species" bħala speċi bil-popolazjoniji stabili u mifruxa, b'hekk din qiegħda mniżżla fi stat ta' "L-inqas ħsieb" ("Least Concern"), eċċezzjoni hija is-sottospeċi "O. thibetana sikimaria" li qiegħda fi stat ta' "periklu ta' estinzjoni" ("Endangered").

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மலை பாறைமுயல் ( 泰米尔语 )

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மலை பாறைமுயல் (மற்ற பெயர்கள்: மணிப்புரி பைக்கா) பாறை முயல் இனத்தைச் சேர்ந்த ஒரு பாலூட்டி ஆகும். இவை சீனா, இந்தியா போன்ற நாடுகளில் காணப்படுகின்றன.

மேற்கோள்கள்

  1. "Ochotona thibetana". பன்னாட்டு இயற்கைப் பாதுகாப்புச் சங்கத்தின் செம்பட்டியல் பதிப்பு 2008. பன்னாட்டு இயற்கைப் பாதுகாப்புச் சங்கம் (2008). Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern.
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மலை பாறைமுயல்: Brief Summary ( 泰米尔语 )

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மலை பாறைமுயல் (மற்ற பெயர்கள்: மணிப்புரி பைக்கா) பாறை முயல் இனத்தைச் சேர்ந்த ஒரு பாலூட்டி ஆகும். இவை சீனா, இந்தியா போன்ற நாடுகளில் காணப்படுகின்றன.

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விக்கிபீடியா ஆசிரியர்கள் மற்றும் ஆசிரியர்கள்

Moupin pika ( 英语 )

由wikipedia EN提供

The Moupin pika (Ochotona thibetana), also known as Ribetischer Pika, Moupin-Pika, Pika del Tibet,[4] and Manipuri pika,[5] is a species of mammal in the pika family, Ochotonidae. It has many subspecies, some of which may be distinct species. Its summer pelage is dark russet-brown with some light spots on the dorsal side, and ochraceous buff tinged on the belly. In winter it is lighter, with buff to dull brown dorsal pelage. A generalist herbivore, it is found in the mountains of the eastern Tibetan Plateau in China (Gansu, southern Qinghai, Yunnan, and Sichuan), Bhutan, India (Sikkim), and northern Myanmar. Both the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Endangered Species and the Red List of China's Vertebrates classify it as a species of least concern; although one subspecies may be endangered.

Taxonomy

The Moupin pika was first described in 1871 by the French mammalogist and ornithologist Alphonse Milne-Edwards. There are five recognized subspecies according to the Mammals Species of the World:[3]

  • O. t. nangquenica Zheng et al., 1980
  • O. t. osgoodi Anthony, 1922
  • O. t. sacraria Thomas, 1923
  • O. t. sikimaria Thomas, 1922* Recently declared a separate species
  • O. t. thibetana Milne-Edwards, 1871

The Gansu pika (Ochotona cansus) was previously treated as a subspecies of the Moupin pika,[3] but is now considered a separate species based on its skull characteristics—shorter skull and a narrower interorbital region and zygomatic arch—and because intermediate forms do not occur in the extensive zones of sympatry. The Forrest's pika (Ochotona forresti) was also a former subspecies,[3] but it was listed as separate species by Feng and Zheng in 1985.[6]

In 1951, Ellerman and Morrison-Scott listed the O. t. osgoodi as a subspecies of the steppe pika (Ochotona pusilla) but in 1978, Corbet, and in 1982, Weston,[3] based on morphometric analysis, included it in the Moupin pika. O. t. sikimaria was assigned to the Gansu pika by Feng and Kao in 1974, and by Feng and Zheng in 1985 because Thomas compared the subspecies to O. c. sorella in his original description. However, based on holotype analysis, O. t. sikimaria was found to have a longer skull and a wider interorbital region and zygomatic arch than the Gansu pika.[6] The subspecies O. n. lama, O. n. aliensis, and O. n. lhasaensis were formerly assigned to the Moupin pika, but they are now considered to belong to the Nubra pika (Ochotona nubrica).[1]

O. t. sikimaria may be a treated as a separate species due to its widely separate geography than that of the other Moupin pika. It can be distinguished from other subgroups based on a different protrusion of the skull and variations in its genetic data.[7][8] O. t. sacraria and O.t. xunhuaensis may also represent separate species, as they appear genetically very distinct from the other Moupin pika.[1]

In 1938, Allen synonymized the Qinling pika (Ochotona syrinx) with O.t. huangensis. This assignment was followed by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott in 1951, by Gureev in 1964, and by Weston in 1982. In 1938 Allen, in 1951 Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, and in 1982 Weston synonymized O.t. sacraria with O.t. thibetana, but in 1974, Feng and Kao, and in 1985, Feng and Zheng listed it as a subspecies of the Moupin pika.[6]

Description

A fairly small pika,[6] the Moupin pika measures 14 to 18 cm (5.5 to 7.1 in) in length, and weighs 71 to 136 g (2.5 to 4.8 oz). The skull is 3.6 to 4.2 cm (1.4 to 1.7 in) in length, and is larger than that of the Gansu pika. The frontal bone is flat and low, and has no alveolus above it. The auditory bullae are small, and the posterior processes of the cheek bone are almost parallel. The anterior palatine foramen (funnel-shaped opening in the bony plate of the skull, located in the roof of the mouth, immediately behind the incisor teeth where blood vessels and nerves pass) and the palatal foramen are combined.[9] In summer, the dorsal pelage is dark russet-brown overall in color with some light spots and the ventral pelage is ochraceous buff-tinged; however, O.t. xunhuaensis has grayish ventral pelage, and a russet throat collar.[6] It has a buff coloured collar along the middle line of the belly.[9] The winter dorsal pelage is buff to dull brown.[6] It has dark brown ears, measuring 1.7 to 2.3 cm (0.67 to 0.91 in) in length, and having white, narrow borders along its edges. The sole of the feet are furred. The hindfeet are 2.4 to 3.2 cm (0.94 to 1.26 in) long.[9]

Distribution and habitat

The species' range includes the mountains of the eastern Tibetan Plateau in Gansu, southern Qinghai, Yunnan, and Sichuan in China; in Bhutan; in Sikkim in India; and in northern Myanmar.[1][9][10] The nominate subspecies O.t. thibetana occurs in southern Qinghai, western Sichuan, southeastern Tibet, and northwestern Yunnan; O.t. nangquenica occurs in Tibet; O.t. sacraria occurs in western Sichuan;[9] O.t. osgoodi occurs in northeastern Myanmar; O.t. sikimaria occurs in Sikkim; and O.t. xunhuaensis occurs in eastern Qinghai.[1]

It is found in rocky regions under canopies of Rhododendron and bamboo forests at lower elevations, and in subalpine forests in the higher parts of its distribution. While recorded at altitudes as low as 1,800 meters (5,900 ft) above sea level, it favors elevations of 2,400 to 4,100 m (7,900 to 13,500 ft).[1] It has an area of occupancy of 11 to 500 km2 (4.2 to 193.1 sq mi), with an extant of occurrence of 5,001 to 20,000 km2 (1,931 to 7,722 sq mi).[5]

Behavior and ecology

The Moupin pika is a diurnal species,[5] but it can be active at night.[9] It is colonial, terrestrial[5] pika that is known to dig burrows. It is a generalist herbivore,[9] and creates haypiles for food storage.[1] The breeding season starts in at least April and continues till July. The female produces litters of one to five young.[1] According to tests, the Moupin pika has been found to contain astroviruses.[11]

Status and conservation

Since 1996, the Moupin pika has been rated as a species of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species. This is because it is a widespread species and its population is not known to be suffering a serious decline. Although its current population trend is unclear, it is common throughout its distribution.[1] It experiences a threat from habitat destruction due to small-scale deforestration of bamboo and Rhododendron woodlands, and grazing by livestock.[5] Due to destruction of habitat, the Sikkim pika may be endangered, but the other forms do not appear to be threatened according to IUCN.[12] The Red List of China's Vertebrates also lists the Moupin pika as a species of least concern. It occurs in the protected areas of the Changshanerhai, Jiuzhaigou, Nujiang, Wanglang, Wawushan, Wolong, and Zhumulangmafeng Nature Reserves. However, deforestation may pose a threat throughout its range in southern China.[1] It occurs extremely rarely in northeastern India.[13] It has also been stated that almost all of its habitat in India has been destroyed, locally making it "critically endangered."[14] It is targeted as a pest in southern Gansu.[1]

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Smith, A.T.; Liu, S. (2016). "Ochotona thibetana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41271A45185018. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T41271A45185018.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ David, A. (1871). Rapport adressé a mm. les professeurs-administrateurs du Muséum d'histoire naturelle. Nouvelles archives du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Paris (Bulletin) 7: 93. The full text
  3. ^ a b c d e f Hoffman, R.S.; Smith, A.T. (2005). "Order Lagomorpha". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  4. ^ Wrobel 2007, p. 355.
  5. ^ a b c d e Molur, S., Srinivasulu, C., Srinivasulu, B., Walker, S., Nameer, P. O., & Ravikumar, L. (2005). Status of south Asian non-volant small mammals: conservation assessment and management plan (CAMP) workshop report (PDF). Zoo Outreach Organisation/CBSG-South Asia, Coimbatore, India. pp. 170
  6. ^ a b c d e f Chapman & Flux 1990, p. 52.
  7. ^ Dahal, N.; Lissovsky, A. A.; Lin, Z.; Solari, K.; Hadly, E. A.; Zhan, X.; Ramakrishnan, U. (2017). "Genetics, morphology and ecology reveal a cryptic pika lineage in the Sikkim Himalaya". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 106: 55–60. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.09.015. PMID 27640954.
  8. ^ N. B. Nair (25 September 2016). "Young biologist discovers a new species of Asian Pika in Sikkim". Indian Science Journal.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Smith, Andrew T.; Xie, Yan; Hoffmann, Robert S.; Lunde, Darrin; MacKinnon, John; Wilson, Don E.; Wozencraft, W. Chris (2010). A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press. p. 286. ISBN 978-1400834112.
  10. ^ MacDonald, David (September 10, 2009). The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 267.
  11. ^ Hu, Ben; Chmura, Aleksei A.; Li, Jialu; Zhu, Guangjian; Desmond, James S.; Zhang, Yunzhi; Zhang, Wei; Epstein, Jonathan H.; Daszak, Peter (2014). "Detection of diverse novel astroviruses from small mammals in China". Journal of General Virology. 95 (11): 2442–2449. doi:10.1099/vir.0.067686-0. PMID 25034867.
  12. ^ Boudet, C.H. (April 2010). "Moupin Pika, Forest Pika". Mammals' Planet. Archived from the original on October 12, 2017. Retrieved October 11, 2017.
  13. ^ Choudhury, A. (2006). "The status of endangered species in northeast India". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 103: 157–167.
  14. ^ Alves, Ferrand & Hackländer 2007, p. 99.

Bibliography

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Moupin pika: Brief Summary ( 英语 )

由wikipedia EN提供

The Moupin pika (Ochotona thibetana), also known as Ribetischer Pika, Moupin-Pika, Pika del Tibet, and Manipuri pika, is a species of mammal in the pika family, Ochotonidae. It has many subspecies, some of which may be distinct species. Its summer pelage is dark russet-brown with some light spots on the dorsal side, and ochraceous buff tinged on the belly. In winter it is lighter, with buff to dull brown dorsal pelage. A generalist herbivore, it is found in the mountains of the eastern Tibetan Plateau in China (Gansu, southern Qinghai, Yunnan, and Sichuan), Bhutan, India (Sikkim), and northern Myanmar. Both the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Endangered Species and the Red List of China's Vertebrates classify it as a species of least concern; although one subspecies may be endangered.

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Ochotona thibetana ( 西班牙语;卡斯蒂利亚语 )

由wikipedia ES提供

La pica tibetana (Ochotona thibetana) es una especie de mamífero de la familia Ochotonidae.

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra en la China, India y posiblemente en Bután.

Referencias

  1. David, A. (1871). Rapport d'adressé a mm. les professeurs-asministrateurs du Muséum d'histoire naturelle. Nouvelles archives du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Paris (Bulletin) 7: 93. The full text

IUCN 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

  • HOFFMAN, R. S., ANDREW, T. S. (2005). in WILSON, D. E., REEDER, D. M. (eds). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3ª ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 2.142 pp. 2 vol.
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Ochotona thibetana: Brief Summary ( 西班牙语;卡斯蒂利亚语 )

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La pica tibetana (Ochotona thibetana) es una especie de mamífero de la familia Ochotonidae.

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Ochotona thibetana ( 巴斯克语 )

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Ochotona thibetana Ochotona generoko animalia da. Lagomorpharen barruko Ochotonidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Milne-Edwards (1871) 7 Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 93. or..

Kanpo estekak

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Ochotona thibetana: Brief Summary ( 巴斯克语 )

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Ochotona thibetana Ochotona generoko animalia da. Lagomorpharen barruko Ochotonidae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Ochotona thibetana ( 法语 )

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Ochotona thibetana aussi appelé pika de Moupin est une espèce de la famille des Ochotonidae. Comme tous les pikas, c'est un petit mammifère lagomorphe.

Liste des sous-espèces

Selon Mammal Species of the World (version 3, 2005) (3 juil. 2010)[1] :

  • sous-espèce Ochotona thibetana nangqenica
  • sous-espèce Ochotona thibetana osgoodi
  • sous-espèce Ochotona thibetana sacraria
  • sous-espèce Ochotona thibetana sikimaria
  • sous-espèce Ochotona thibetana thibetana

Notes et références

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Ochotona thibetana: Brief Summary ( 法语 )

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Ochotona thibetana aussi appelé pika de Moupin est une espèce de la famille des Ochotonidae. Comme tous les pikas, c'est un petit mammifère lagomorphe.

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Ochotona thibetana ( 意大利语 )

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Il pica di Moupin o pica tibetano (Ochotona thibetana Milne-Edwards, 1871) è un mammifero lagomorfo della famiglia degli Ocotonidi.

Non va confuso con l'affine Ochotona curzoniae, a volte chiamato anch'esso "pica tibetano" e diffuso in un areale leggermente più settentrionale.

Con numerose sottospecie (Ochotona thubetana nagqenica, Ochotona thibetana osgoodi, Ochotona thibetana sacraria, Ochotona thibetana thibetana, Ochotona thibetana sikimaria, quest'ultima in pericolo di estinzione), la specie abita il Tibet meridionale e parte della catena himalayana al confine con l'India centro-settentrionale: si pensa abiti anche il Bhutan, ma non esistono prove concrete che supportino questa supposizione.

Il suo habitat naturale è costituito dalle aree prative o leggermente alberate (a volte anche dai boschi di bambù) ad altitudini superiori ai 1800 m.

Si tratta di animali essenzialmente diurni e solitari: i contatti fra vari esemplari si limitano ai caratteristici fischi, lunghi e laceranti, che questi animali emettono per avvisare eventuali intrusi di aver oltrepassato il confine di un territorio non loro, o per avvisare altri animali di un pericolo imminente. Durante il periodo riproduttivo, si formano coppie che raramente interagiscono fra loro al di fuori del tempo necessario all'accoppiamento, dopodiché il maschio e la femmina si disinteressano quasi completamente l'uno dell'altra. Le stesse interazioni fra i partner sono assai rudi e simili a lotte.

Per sopravvivere durante l'inverno, nei periodi caldi questi animali ammassano quante più piante erbacee possibili, facendole seccare e stipandole nelle proprie tane, dove verranno consumate durante il periodo invernale: questi animali, infatti, non sono soliti andare in letargo, pur riducendo sensibilmente i propri ritmi metabolici durante i periodi freddi per evitare di terminare anzitempo la propria scorta di cibo. Qualora questo succeda, ed è cosa piuttosto frequente poiché alle soglie della stagione fredda diventano frequenti i casi di furto di erbe fra i vari esemplari, l'animale è costretto ad affrontare pericolose sortite dalla propria tana alla ricerca di cibo: spesso, per evitare di essere visto dai predatori, esso scava dei tunnel al di sotto del manto nevoso.

Bibliografia

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Ochotona thibetana: Brief Summary ( 意大利语 )

由wikipedia IT提供

Il pica di Moupin o pica tibetano (Ochotona thibetana Milne-Edwards, 1871) è un mammifero lagomorfo della famiglia degli Ocotonidi.

Non va confuso con l'affine Ochotona curzoniae, a volte chiamato anch'esso "pica tibetano" e diffuso in un areale leggermente più settentrionale.

Con numerose sottospecie (Ochotona thubetana nagqenica, Ochotona thibetana osgoodi, Ochotona thibetana sacraria, Ochotona thibetana thibetana, Ochotona thibetana sikimaria, quest'ultima in pericolo di estinzione), la specie abita il Tibet meridionale e parte della catena himalayana al confine con l'India centro-settentrionale: si pensa abiti anche il Bhutan, ma non esistono prove concrete che supportino questa supposizione.

Il suo habitat naturale è costituito dalle aree prative o leggermente alberate (a volte anche dai boschi di bambù) ad altitudini superiori ai 1800 m.

Si tratta di animali essenzialmente diurni e solitari: i contatti fra vari esemplari si limitano ai caratteristici fischi, lunghi e laceranti, che questi animali emettono per avvisare eventuali intrusi di aver oltrepassato il confine di un territorio non loro, o per avvisare altri animali di un pericolo imminente. Durante il periodo riproduttivo, si formano coppie che raramente interagiscono fra loro al di fuori del tempo necessario all'accoppiamento, dopodiché il maschio e la femmina si disinteressano quasi completamente l'uno dell'altra. Le stesse interazioni fra i partner sono assai rudi e simili a lotte.

Per sopravvivere durante l'inverno, nei periodi caldi questi animali ammassano quante più piante erbacee possibili, facendole seccare e stipandole nelle proprie tane, dove verranno consumate durante il periodo invernale: questi animali, infatti, non sono soliti andare in letargo, pur riducendo sensibilmente i propri ritmi metabolici durante i periodi freddi per evitare di terminare anzitempo la propria scorta di cibo. Qualora questo succeda, ed è cosa piuttosto frequente poiché alle soglie della stagione fredda diventano frequenti i casi di furto di erbe fra i vari esemplari, l'animale è costretto ad affrontare pericolose sortite dalla propria tana alla ricerca di cibo: spesso, per evitare di essere visto dai predatori, esso scava dei tunnel al di sotto del manto nevoso.

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Tibetaanse fluithaas ( 荷兰语;弗莱芒语 )

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De Tibetaanse fluithaas (Ochotona thibetana) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de fluithazen (Ochotonidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Milne-Edwards in 1871.

Voorkomen

De soort komt voor in Bhutan, Birma en China.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
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Tibetaanse fluithaas: Brief Summary ( 荷兰语;弗莱芒语 )

由wikipedia NL提供

De Tibetaanse fluithaas (Ochotona thibetana) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de fluithazen (Ochotonidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Milne-Edwards in 1871.

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Ochotona thibetana ( 葡萄牙语 )

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A Pika-tibetana (Ochotona thibetana) é um lagomorfo encontrado na China, Índia, e possivelmente no Butão.

Referências

  • HOFFMAN, R. S., ANDREW, T. S. (2005). in WILSON, D. E., REEDER, D. M. (eds). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3ª ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 2.142 pp. 2 vol.
  • Lagomorpha Specialist Group 1996. Ochotona thibetana. IUCN 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Acessado em 23 de janeiro de 2008.
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Ochotona thibetana: Brief Summary ( 葡萄牙语 )

由wikipedia PT提供

A Pika-tibetana (Ochotona thibetana) é um lagomorfo encontrado na China, Índia, e possivelmente no Butão.

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Ochotona thibetana ( 瑞典语 )

由wikipedia SV提供


Ochotona thibetana[2][3] är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Milne-Edwards 1871. Ochotona thibetana ingår i släktet Ochotona och familjen pipharar (Ochotonidae).[4][5] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1]

Denna piphare förekommer i Tibet och i andra sydliga kinesiska provinser samt i angränsande områden av Nepal, Bhutan, Indien och Burma. Arten vistas i bergstrakter i regioner som ligger 1800 till 4100 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av skogar och buskskogar med arter av rododendronsläktet och bambu.[1]

Individerna äter olika växtdelar och skapar bon av hö. Mellan april och juli har honan en kull med en till fem ungar. Ochotona thibetana blir 14 till 18 cm lång.[1]

Underarter

Arten delas in i följande underarter:[4]

  • O. t. thibetana
  • O. t. nangqenica
  • O. t. osgoodi
  • O. t. sacraria
  • O. t. sikimaria


Källor

  1. ^ [a b c d] 2008 Ochotona thibetana Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
  2. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2, Ochotona thibetana
  3. ^ Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World
  4. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (27 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/ochotona+thibetana/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  5. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26

Externa länkar

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Ochotona thibetana: Brief Summary ( 瑞典语 )

由wikipedia SV提供


Ochotona thibetana är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Milne-Edwards 1871. Ochotona thibetana ingår i släktet Ochotona och familjen pipharar (Ochotonidae). IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.

Denna piphare förekommer i Tibet och i andra sydliga kinesiska provinser samt i angränsande områden av Nepal, Bhutan, Indien och Burma. Arten vistas i bergstrakter i regioner som ligger 1800 till 4100 meter över havet. Habitatet utgörs av skogar och buskskogar med arter av rododendronsläktet och bambu.

Individerna äter olika växtdelar och skapar bon av hö. Mellan april och juli har honan en kull med en till fem ungar. Ochotona thibetana blir 14 till 18 cm lång.

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Ochotona thibetana ( 越南语 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Ochotona thibetana là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Ochotonidae, bộ Thỏ. Loài này được Milne-Edwards mô tả năm 1871.

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo

 src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Ochotona thibetana  src= Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Ochotona thibetana
  1. ^ Smith, A.T. & Boyer, A.F. (2008). Ochotona thibetana. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2014.2. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 21 tháng 9 năm 2014.
  2. ^ David, A. (1871). Rapport d'adressé a mm. les professeurs-asministrateurs du Muséum d'histoire naturelle. Nouvelles archives du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Paris (Bulletin) 7: 93. The full text


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến động vật có vú này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Ochotona thibetana: Brief Summary ( 越南语 )

由wikipedia VI提供

Ochotona thibetana là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Ochotonidae, bộ Thỏ. Loài này được Milne-Edwards mô tả năm 1871.

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Тибетская пищуха ( 俄语 )

由wikipedia русскую Википедию提供
Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Вторичноротые
Подтип: Позвоночные
Инфратип: Челюстноротые
Надкласс: Четвероногие
Подкласс: Звери
Инфракласс: Плацентарные
Надотряд: Euarchontoglires
Грандотряд: Грызунообразные
Семейство: Пищуховые
Род: Пищухи
Вид: Тибетская пищуха
Международное научное название

Ochotona thibetana (Milne-Edwards, 1871)[1]

Синонимы
  • Lagomys thibetanus Milne-Edwards, 1871
Ареал

изображение

Охранный статус Wikispecies-logo.svg
Систематика
на Викивидах
Commons-logo.svg
Изображения
на Викискладе
ITIS 625333NCBI 130843EOL 122420

Тибе́тская пищу́ха[2] (лат. Ochotona thibetana) — вид зайцеобразных из рода пищух. Естественная среда обитания — пастбища или редколесье (реже — бамбуковые леса) на высоте более 1800 м над уровнем моря. Иногда тибетскими ошибочно называют черногубых пищух (Ochotona curzoniae).

Поведение

Тибетские пищухи — одиночные животные. В период размножения образуют пары, распадающиеся вскоре после спаривания. После этого партнёры становятся равнодушны друг к другу[3].

Таксономия

Известно пять подвидов тибетской пищухи:

  • Ochotona thibetana nagqenica Zheng et al., 1980;
  • Ochotona thibetana osgoodi Anthony, 1941 (обитает в Бирме);
  • Ochotona thibetana sacraria Thomas, 1923;
  • Ochotona thibetana sikimaria Thomas, 1922 (под угрозой исчезновения);
  • Ochotona thibetana thibetana (Milne-Edwards, 1871).

Ареал

Обитает в Китае в провинциях Шэньси, Юньнань, Сычуань, на западе провинции Хубей, а также в Северо-восточной Бирме и изолированный участок в княжестве Сикким (Индия) (подвид Ochotona thibetana sikimaria). Данная форма может быть обнаружена в сопредельных Бутане и Непале, но пока достоверных данных о её обитании там нет. Приводимые иногда данные об обитании тибетской пищухи в провинции Китая Шаньси[3] ошибочны, так как относятся к подвиду другого вида Ochotona cansus sorella.

Примечания

  1. David, A. (1871). Rapport d'adressé a mm. les professeurs-asministrateurs du Muséum d'histoire naturelle. Nouvelles archives du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Paris (Bulletin) 7: 93. Текст (фр.) (Проверено 2 марта 2012)
  2. Соколов В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Млекопитающие. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1984. — С. 204. — 10 000 экз.
  3. 1 2 Wilson D. E., Reeder D. M., Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. – 3rd edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, 142 p. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4. Текст статьи
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Тибетская пищуха: Brief Summary ( 俄语 )

由wikipedia русскую Википедию提供

Тибе́тская пищу́ха (лат. Ochotona thibetana) — вид зайцеобразных из рода пищух. Естественная среда обитания — пастбища или редколесье (реже — бамбуковые леса) на высоте более 1800 м над уровнем моря. Иногда тибетскими ошибочно называют черногубых пищух (Ochotona curzoniae).

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藏鼠兔 ( 汉语 )

由wikipedia 中文维基百科提供
二名法 Ochotona thibetana
(Milne-Edwards)[1]

藏鼠兔学名Ochotona thibetana)为鼠兔科鼠兔属哺乳动物,是中国的特有物种。分布于陕西青海湖北四川云南西藏等地。该物种的模式产地在四川宝兴。[1]

亚种

  • 藏鼠兔玉树亚种学名Ochotona thibetana nangqenica)。在中国大陆,分布于青海西藏等地,多栖息于高山森林以及灌丛。该物种的模式产地在青海囊谦,曲麻莱,移多,玉树。[2]
  • 藏鼠兔峨眉亚种学名Ochotona thibetana sacraria)。在中国大陆,分布于湖北四川等地。该物种的模式产地在四川峨眉山。[3]
  • 藏鼠兔指名亚种学名Ochotona thibetana thibetana)。在中国大陆,分布于四川云南西藏等地。该物种的模式产地在四川宝兴。[4]

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 中国科学院动物研究所. 藏鼠兔. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-04]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
  2. ^ 中国科学院动物研究所. 藏鼠兔玉树亚种. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-04]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
  3. ^ 中国科学院动物研究所. 藏鼠兔峨眉亚种. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-04]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
  4. ^ 中国科学院动物研究所. 藏鼠兔指名亚种. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-04-04]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05).
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维基百科作者和编辑

藏鼠兔: Brief Summary ( 汉语 )

由wikipedia 中文维基百科提供

藏鼠兔(学名:Ochotona thibetana)为鼠兔科鼠兔属哺乳动物,是中国的特有物种。分布于陕西青海湖北四川云南西藏等地。该物种的模式产地在四川宝兴。

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维基百科作者和编辑

무핑우는토끼 ( 韩语 )

由wikipedia 한국어 위키백과提供

무핑우는토끼 또는 무핑피카(Ochotona thibetana)는 우는토끼과에 속하는 포유류의 일종이다. 네팔중국, 인도의 토착종이며, 부탄에서도 서식하는 것으로 추정하고 있다. 모식지(Type locality)는 중화인민공화국 쓰촨성 야안 시 바오싱 현 무핑진(穆坪镇) 인근의 산이다.[3]

각주

  1. “Ochotona thibetana”. 《멸종 위기 종의 IUCN 적색 목록. 2008판》 (영어). 국제 자연 보전 연맹. 2008. 2009년 4월 10일에 확인함. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern.
  2. David, A. (1871). Rapport d'adressé a mm. les professeurs-asministrateurs du Muséum d'histoire naturelle. Nouvelles archives du Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Paris (Bulletin) 7: 93. The full text
  3. “보관된 사본”. 2016년 3월 5일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2014년 2월 22일에 확인함.
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