Opuntia macrocentra ist eine Pflanzenart in der Gattung der Opuntien (Opuntia) aus der Familie der Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae). Das Artepitheton macrocentra bedeutet ‚mit großen Mittelstacheln‘. Englische Trivialnamen sind „Black-Spined Prickly Pear“, „Blunt-Spined Prickly Pear“, „Long-Spined Prickly Pear“, „Purple Prickly Pear“ und „Reddish Purple Prickly Pear“.
Opuntia macrocentra wächst buschig und erreicht Wuchshöhen von 60 bis 90 Zentimeter. Die länglichen manchmal breiteren Triebabschnitte sind oft bläulich oder violett, manchmal ohne Rückgrat aber in der Regel tragen sie Dornen an den oberen Areolen welche nicht abfallende Glochiden aufweisen. Die ein bis zwei, selten drei schwarzbraunen bis weißen, aufrecht stehenden Dornen sind 4 bis 7 Zentimeter lang. Die einzelnen Glieder sind bis zu 14 Zentimeter hoch, 10 Zentimeter breit und etwa 1 Zentimeter dick. Die gelben Blüten sind rötlich getönt und werden bis zu 7,5 Zentimeter im Durchmesser groß. Die fleischigen Früchte sind bis zu 6 Zentimeter lang und sind purpurfarben. Die Samen sind 4 bis 4,5 Millimeter breit.
Opuntia macrocentra ist in den US-amerikanischen Bundesstaaten Arizona und Texas sowie im mexikanischen Bundesstaat Chihuahua in Höhenlagen von 1200 bis 1500 Metern verbreitet.
Die Erstbeschreibung wurde 1856 von George Engelmann veröffentlicht.[1]
In der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN wird die Art als „Least Concern (LC)“, d. h. als nicht gefährdet geführt. Die Entwicklung der Populationen wird als stabil angesehen.[2]
Opuntia macrocentra ist eine Pflanzenart in der Gattung der Opuntien (Opuntia) aus der Familie der Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae). Das Artepitheton macrocentra bedeutet ‚mit großen Mittelstacheln‘. Englische Trivialnamen sind „Black-Spined Prickly Pear“, „Blunt-Spined Prickly Pear“, „Long-Spined Prickly Pear“, „Purple Prickly Pear“ und „Reddish Purple Prickly Pear“.
Opuntia macrocentra, the long-spined purplish prickly pear or purple pricklypear, is a cactus found in the lower Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico. A member of the prickly pear genus, this species of Opuntia is most notable as one of a few cacti that produce a purple pigmentation in the stem. Other common names for this plant include black-spined pricklypear, long-spine prickly pear, purple pricklypear, and redeye prickly pear.[2]
Opuntia macrocentra is an upright spreading shrub consisting of several joined segments called pads. This cactus produces large colorful yellow and red flowers and dark red edible fruits.
Native populations of Opuntia macrocentra are found in Arizona, New Mexico, Southwestern Texas, and Northwestern Mexico.[2]
This cactus is a slow growing perennial that inhabits a wide range of soil substrates and habitat types. It can be found below the elevation of 5000 ft in areas of sandy desert flats, rocky hills, or valley grasslands.[2]
Opuntia macrocentra is an upright spreading shrub, usually growing from 30–60 centimetres (1–2 ft) tall. Individuals occasionally reach 1 metre (1 yard) in height. The stem is blue-gray, blue-green, or purplish in color. The purple pad color is the most intense at the edges of the pad or around the areoles. The purple color comes from the production of a betalain (betacyanin) pigment that becomes more evident as the plant is stressed by drought or cold.[3][4]
The cactus consists of smooth obovate to orbicular shaped pads that are connected to each other by the bottom edge or pad margin. Each pad is from 10–20 centimetres (4–8 in) in width and 10–20 centimetres (4–8 in) in length, but is usually wider than it is long.[3][4] The areoles, highly reduced branch structures from which spines and glochids grow, are dark in color and can be found arranged in diagonal rows on the midstem segment.[2]
Spines are produced on the upper half or the upper edge only of the pad. Each aerole will have from 1-3 central spines coming from it with the longest being 5–10 centimetres (2–4 in) in length. The largest spine will be pointed in a markedly upward direction. Spines are sometimes seen with a white or yellow tip. Flowers are produced on the upper edge of the pads.[2][4]
Flowers of Opuntia macrocentra are large sturdy flowers of bright colors. They consist of yellow petals with red lower portions forming a bright red center. The visible internal reproductive structures are pale yellow to cream in color. This cactus produces flowers in spring, usually March through June.[4] The flowers open in the midmorning, close at night and do not reopen.[5]
If the flower is pollinated, the cactus will produce small oval shaped fruits ranging in color from bright red to dull purple when ripe.[2] The fruit produced is succulent and approximately half the size of the flower, from 2.5 to 4.0 centimetres (1 to 1+5⁄8 in) in length.[2] Each fruit has between 12-16 areoles. The rind of the fruit is purple and the inner pulp and juices are light purple to clear in color. The fruit contains flattened, tan seeds that are less than approximately 4 millimetres (5⁄32 in) in length with a broad notch on one side and prominent ridge.[3][4]
Because of its striking stem and flower color the Opuntia macrocentra cactus is cultivated as an ornamental plant for drought tolerant and native plant gardens, and as a potted plant.[6]
Like many other cacti in the genus Opuntia, the fruit produced by Opuntia macrocentra is edible.
Collection of this cactus, and its fruit, is restricted in some areas for conservation needs.
Flower
Growth habit of Opuntia macrocentra.
.jpg)
Purple pads and yellow flowers.
Vivid coloration and multiple stamens of an Opuntia macrocentra flower.
Opuntia macrocentra, the long-spined purplish prickly pear or purple pricklypear, is a cactus found in the lower Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico. A member of the prickly pear genus, this species of Opuntia is most notable as one of a few cacti that produce a purple pigmentation in the stem. Other common names for this plant include black-spined pricklypear, long-spine prickly pear, purple pricklypear, and redeye prickly pear.
Opuntia macrocentra is an upright spreading shrub consisting of several joined segments called pads. This cactus produces large colorful yellow and red flowers and dark red edible fruits.
Opuntia macrocentra , es una especie fanerógama perteneciente a la familia Cactaceae. Es nativa de Norteamérica en México, Arizona, Nuevo México y Texas.
Opuntia macrocentra crece de forma tupida y alcanza un tamaño de 60 a 90 centímetros de altura. Las alargadas a veces más amplias secciones son a menudo azuladas o violetas, a veces sin espinas pero por lo general llevan areolas con pinchos en la parte superior que no tienen gloquidios. Las espinas son uno o dos, blancas raramente negro-marrón. Las flores son amarillas y están teñidas de rojo, y crecen hasta los 7.5 cm de diámetro. Las frutas son carnosas y miden hasta 6 cm de largo y son de color púrpura. Las semillas son de 4 a 4,5 milímetros de ancho.
Opuntia macrocentra fue descrita por George Engelmann y publicado en Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 3: 292. 1856.[1]
Opuntia: nombre genérico que proviene del griego usado por Plinio el Viejo para una planta que creció alrededor de la ciudad de Opus en Grecia.[2]
macrocentra: epíteto latino que significa "con grandes espinas".[3]
Opuntia macrocentra , es una especie fanerógama perteneciente a la familia Cactaceae. Es nativa de Norteamérica en México, Arizona, Nuevo México y Texas.
Opuntia Macrocentra
Opuntia macrocentra est une plante de la famille des Cactacées, originaire des États-Unis (Texas, Arizona) et du Mexique (Chihuahua).
C'est un cactus buissonnant à branches dressées dont les rameaux (raquettes) et sont de couleur violacée. Quelques aiguillons, très longs se dressent sur la partie supérieure de la raquette. Les fleurs sont jaunes à l'extérieur, jaunes et rouges à l'intérieur, et mesurent environ 7 cm de largeur. Elles durent deux jours. Le fruit est pourpre et mesure 6 cm[1].
Opuntia Macrocentra
Opuntia macrocentra est une plante de la famille des Cactacées, originaire des États-Unis (Texas, Arizona) et du Mexique (Chihuahua).
Purpuropuntia (Opuntia macrocentra) är en suckulent växt inom släktet opuntior (Opuntia) och familjen kaktusväxter. Arten förekommer naturligt i sydcentrala USA och till nordöstra Mexiko.
Arten anses inte vara härdig på friland i Sverige, utan att den enbart skulle kunna klara sig i ett ouppvärmt växthus. Den finns dock på friland i östra Skånes sandmarker.
Purpuropuntia (Opuntia macrocentra) är en suckulent växt inom släktet opuntior (Opuntia) och familjen kaktusväxter. Arten förekommer naturligt i sydcentrala USA och till nordöstra Mexiko.
Opuntia macrocentra là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cactaceae. Loài này được Engelm. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1856.[1]
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
Opuntia macrocentra là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cactaceae. Loài này được Engelm. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1856.
.jpg)
