dcsimg

Lifespan, longevity, and ageing

provided by AnAge articles
Maximum longevity: 26.6 years (captivity) Observations: One captive specimen lived for 26.6 years (Richard Weigl 2005).
license
cc-by-3.0
copyright
Joao Pedro de Magalhaes
editor
de Magalhaes, J. P.
partner site
AnAge articles

Conservation Status

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Brazilian porcupines are considered of least concern. It is suspected (though not confirmed) that a large population of porcupines is distributed over a wide range that includes many protected areas. Brazilian porcupines also exhibit a tolerance to habitat modification by humans and have not been declining at a rate necessary to qualify for higher risk listing.

CITES: no special status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Behavior

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Brazilian porcupines communicate in a variety of ways including acoustic, chemical, and visual forms. When relaxed and at ease, the quills of Brazilian porcupines rest flat against the skin. If threatened, irritated, or faced by an unknown individual, Brazilian porcupines will stand its quills up perpendicular to its body. The speed of piloerection can indicate the intensity of the perceived threat or annoyance. To appear even larger and more dangerous in the face of a threat, prehensile-tailed porcupines will turn themselves sideways to the direction of the threat. The last defensive display before attacking, is to turn towards the threat with its head lowered, exhibiting the head and neck spines, then lunging forward.

Long moans, yelps, grunts, clicks, mews, hisses and squeaks are the main auditory communications of Brazilian porcupines. Extended moans may be utilized to communicate over long distances to other individuals and yelps are used usually when entering into or withdrawing from close interactions with other porcupines. Clicks or grunts are used just prior to an attack or to indicate a threat. Tooth chattering, posturing, and quill rattling is used to ward off potential threats. Quill rattling also occurs after grooming or when porcupines are startled, which brings on some debate about this behavior’s specific meaning.

Chemical communication includes sniffing and scent marking done by both sexes. Scent marking is done by “anal rubbing”, where prehensile-tailed porcupines use a large, naked glandular patch surrounding the anogenital region to mark a substrate. Males are more likely to rub than females and also mark their mates and offspring by spraying urine. Females are not known to mark with urine. All prehensile-tailed porcupines produce a pungent waxy substance from sebaceous glands along their flanks and lower backs that leave a distinct odor in areas frequented by the porcupines. This indicates that there may be some territory distinction amongst individuals, but more information needs to be gathered in order to be certain.

Communication Channels: visual ; acoustic ; chemical

Other Communication Modes: scent marks

Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Benefits

provided by Animal Diversity Web

In addition to some agricultural damage, Brazilian porcupines act as a reservoir for Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease in humans. However, the porcupines themselves are not infectious to humans.

Negative Impacts: injures humans (carries human disease); crop pest

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Benefits

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Besides functioning as an occasional food source, prehensile-tailed porcupines are not of great economical importance to humans.

Positive Impacts: food

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Associations

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Brazilian porcupines are primary consumers of plant life in their geographic range. There is some evidence that their foraging aids in the dispersal of some tree seeds. In turn, Brazilian porcupines are preyed upon by a select number of animals. Since the true bugs (Eratyrus mucronatus) feed on their blood, Brazilian porcupines are a reservoir for parasitic euglenoid trypanosomes (Trypanosoma cruzi).

Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds

Commensal/Parasitic Species:

  • Eratyrus mucronatus
  • Trypanosoma cruzi
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Trophic Strategy

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Brazilian porcupines are obligate herbivores who forage primarily among trees. In its natural habitat, Brazilian porcupines feed on the bark and cambium layer of some trees, buds, fruits, roots, stems, leaves, blossoms, unripened seeds, and agricultural crops like corn and bananas. Brazilian porcupines use their long claws to peel bark from trees and to open fruits. A favorite food source is the seeds of queen or cocos palms (Syagrus romanzoffiana). In captivity, the diet of Brazilian porcupine diets are supplemented with corn, rat pellets, apples, dried grain, kale, oranges, sweet potato and Monkey Chow.

Plant Foods: leaves; roots and tubers; wood, bark, or stems; seeds, grains, and nuts; fruit; flowers

Primary Diet: herbivore (Frugivore , Granivore )

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Distribution

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Arboreal Brazilian porcupines (Coendou prehensilis) are neotropical organisms found from northern Columbia eastward through northern South America and southward through most of the forested cis-Andean lowlands. The extremes of this range include eastern Bolivia, northern Argentina, and eastern Paraguay.

Biogeographic Regions: neotropical (Native )

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Habitat

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Brazilian porcupines occupy a diverse selection of environments, but are not found at elevations exceeding 1,500 meters. Though they mostly occupy old growth forests where trees for foraging and dwelling are abundant, they also inhabit humid mountainous highlands, riverine llanos (vast tropical grasslands), and even a few croplands.

Range elevation: 1,500 (high) m.

Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes: savanna or grassland ; forest ; rainforest

Other Habitat Features: agricultural

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Life Expectancy

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Brazilian porcupines have been known to live up to 27 years in captivity. Life expectancy in the wild is likely less and limited by tooth wear caused by diet.

Range lifespan
Status: captivity:
27 (high) years.

Average lifespan
Status: captivity:
17.3 years.

Average lifespan
Status: wild:
17.0 years.

Average lifespan
Status: captivity:
9.0 years.

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Morphology

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Brazilian porcupines are considered large with a long, muscular, prehensile tail; well adapted to live and move in trees. Adult body sizes ranges from 300 to 600 millimeters in length with the tail measuring an additional 330 to 485 millimeters. Full grown adult males and females may weigh up to 4.55 and 5 kilograms, respectively. The young average 500 millimeters in length from nose to tail tip and 415 grams at birth with no significant difference between males and females. The young have a dense covering of reddish brown guard hairs (each about 35 millimeters in length) on their heads and bodies that will later harden to quills. Adult Brazilian porcupines have skin varying in hue from yellow-orange rust to brownish-black and is covered with long quills on the dorsal side. The yellow-orange hue is due to a pungent waxy substance exuded from the sebaceous glands of both males and females. The semi-hollow quills are tricolored with white tips terminating in a barbed end. This makes the 60 to 100 millimeter quills effective at penetrating the flesh of predators and difficult to remove. The prehensile tails are unspined and used for stabilization and grasping while climbing as well as a means of hanging. In addition to being very muscular, this prehensile tail has a callus pad near the ventral tip to aid in grasping branches and vines. Another characteristic that has developed as a result of arboreal life is the specialized foot with its long-clawed digits, which are ideal for moving and foraging among trees. Brazilian porcupines have small ears, long whiskers, wide nasal openings and specialized procumbent upper incisors. The eyes are encircled by a thin band of bare skin in the coat of spines that extends all the way to the nose.

Prehensile-tailed porcupines differ from North American porcupines in many respects. In addition to having smaller young that require an extended developmental period, Brazilian porcupines lack a distinct mantle of longer quills covering the nape, shoulders and upper backs of the adults. Also differing are the characteristics that mark them as arboreal porcupines, such as its prehensile tail and lack of emergent fur. North American porcupines are adapted to terrestrial as well as arboreal life and has an entirely fur covered body. Size is the most distinguishing feature however, with Brazilian porcupines rarely exceeding 5 kilograms in mass and 600 millimeters in length. In contrast, North American porcupines commonly range from 10 to 12 kilograms and 600 to 900 millimeters respectively.

Brazilian porcupines can be distinguished from bicolor-spined porcupines by their predominantly inflated frontal sinuses. The two Neotropical porcupines are fairly similar in size and color.

Range mass: 2 to 5 kg.

Range length: 300 to 600 mm.

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry

Sexual Dimorphism: female larger

Average basal metabolic rate: 5.123 W.

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Associations

provided by Animal Diversity Web

With a covering of barbed quills that are effective at penetrating the flesh of predators, there are relatively few animals that prey on Brazilian porcupines. However, in the rural areas, people eat prehensile-tailed porcupines. During the summer months, free-ranging and feral dogs occasionally catch and consume prehensile-tailed porcupines. Their dark coloring and nocturnal and arboreal lifestyle also limits most predation by concealment. Though kissing bugs or assassin beetles do not kill Brazilian porcupines, they feed on their blood.

Known Predators:

  • humans (Homo sapiens)
  • domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris)
  • kissing bugs (Eratyrus mucronatus)

Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Reproduction

provided by Animal Diversity Web

Little is documented on the mating system of Brazilian porcupines both in the wild and in captivity. In captive settings, there have been observed occurrences of males spraying females and their young to mark them; once usually during a suspected courtship period, and again once the young are born. After the young are born, the male may continue to mark both the adult female and the young. Females were never observed spaying males or young. Though there are times when the males and females are together, they seem to sleep and forage separately.

Mating System: monogamous

Though there is no breeding season, females observed in captivity have fertile postpartum estrus. They are able to copulate and conceive just 3 to 18 days after birthing a litter. This is a common trait among other hystricognath rodents without a breeding season. After a gestation period ranging from 195 to 210 days, one young is born on the ground. The precocial young of Brazilian porcupines are born with their eyes open, tail strongly prehensile, and claws well-developed. Despite being able to move and climb, the young does not wander far from where it is born for the first 2 to 3 weeks of life, besides climbing trees when disturbed. In addition to being born with a dense coat of guard hairs, natal quills up to 15 millimeters in length protect the young and will reach adult length after about 10 weeks. Weaning occurs between 10 and 15 weeks. It is not known when males reach maturity, but females reach their sexual maturity at 19 months of age. The limits of the reproductive lifespan of Brazilian porcupines are unknown, but those in captivity have been documented to produce young for more than 10 years.

Breeding interval: Brazilian porcupines do not have a breeding season and can breed as early as 3 days after giving birth.

Breeding season: Brazilian porcupines can breed year round.

Range number of offspring: 1 (high) .

Range gestation period: 195 to 210 days.

Range weaning age: 10 to 15 weeks.

Average time to independence: 15 weeks.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 19 months.

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; year-round breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization ; viviparous ; post-partum estrous

Average birth mass: 408 g.

Average number of offspring: 1.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male)
Sex: male:
578 days.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female)
Sex: female:
578 days.

Though Brazilian porcupine young are highly developed at birth, there is a substantially prolonged maternal dependence. Females may lactate for 70 days or more during three main stages of infant development. From birth to 4 weeks, the young is completely dependent on the mother for nutrition. The mother nurses every 4 to 6 hours for 1 to 3 minutes at a time, at the mother's discretion. From 4 to 15 weeks, the young are slowly introduced to outside food sources. The young suckles from its mother in addition to foraging for solids. Complete nutritional independence occurs at 15 or more weeks, when the young becomes completely self-sufficient, foraging for food. Excluding suckling, there is little maternal care. Neither males nor females in wild or captive environments were observed defending or removing their young from potential dangers. Young are often left to fend for themselves by climbing trees to escape danger. In captivity, juveniles occasionally engage in play with the father, but little to no paternal care is evident in the wild. Despite limited interaction and care, neither adult shows aggression towards the young. After adult females give birth to a new litter, they will even remain tolerable of the offspring from their previous litter.

Parental Investment: precocial ; female parental care ; pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female); post-independence association with parents

license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
The Regents of the University of Michigan and its licensors
bibliographic citation
Andres, S. 2013. "Coendou prehensilis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Coendou_prehensilis.html
author
Sarah Andres, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Christopher Yahnke, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Alecia Stewart-Malone, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point
editor
Laura Podzikowski, Special Projects
original
visit source
partner site
Animal Diversity Web

Coendou prehensilis ( Asturian )

provided by wikipedia AST

El puercuspín arborícola (Coendou prehensilis) ye una especie de royedor histricomorfo de la familia Erethizontidae. Habiten nos montes dende Méxicu hasta Uruguái y noroeste d'Arxentina. Ye una de los diez especies de puercuspinos de les Amériques, distribuyíos en cinco xéneros.

Carauterístiques

El llargor del so cuerpu llega hasta 55 cm de llargor, la de la so cola ye de 33 a 48 cm y el so pesu llega hasta 4 kg. La parte dorsal ta cubierta d'escayos o escayos fuertes y xuntes. Munches d'elles son tricolor con bandes cuasi d'igual anchu, blancu y mariellu maciu na base y na punta, negres o castañal escura nel centru.

Los escayos de la cabeza, pates y cola son curties, les del llombu son llargues y grueses. La cabeza ye redonda; la ñariz y los llabios, grandes, bulbosos, nidios y rosados; les oreyes son pequeñes. Les vibrises son bien llargues, llegando hasta los costazos. La cola escarez d'escayos y ye fuerte y prensil, cola parte cimera afecha pa garrase a les cañes. Los pies tienen almadines anches espandíes n'oposición a cuatro garres, fuertes y doblaes escontra adientro.

Historia natural

Ye de vezos nocherniegos, vive nes cañes de los árboles de les que cuasi nunca baxa, solitariu o en pareya. De día duerme ente los árboles buecos. Prefier los niveles altos y medios de los monte con lianas. Nun salta, y pa cruciar un espaciu ente dos árboles, tien de baxar hasta'l suelu. Aliméntase de fueyes, frutos y cañes verdes y pequeñes.

La xestación dura 203 díes, dempués de lo cual naz xeneralmente una sola cría cubierta de pelos coloraos y pequeños escayos que s'endurecer darréu dempués del partu. El treslleche asocede escontra les 10 selmanes. La maduror sexual algamar en 19 meses.

Nun ye agresivu pero defender con fuercia si ye fadiáu o atacáu.

Referencies

  1. Maninho-Filho, j., Queirolo, D. & Emmons, J.. «Coendou prehensilis» (inglés). Llista Roxa d'especies amenazaes de la UICN 2019.

Enllaces esternos

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia AST

Coendou prehensilis: Brief Summary ( Asturian )

provided by wikipedia AST
Coendou prehensilis

El puercuspín arborícola (Coendou prehensilis) ye una especie de royedor histricomorfo de la familia Erethizontidae. Habiten nos montes dende Méxicu hasta Uruguái y noroeste d'Arxentina. Ye una de los diez especies de puercuspinos de les Amériques, distribuyíos en cinco xéneros.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia AST

Hoc'h-dreinek Brazil ( Breton )

provided by wikipedia BR


Hoc'h-dreinek Brazil (Coendou prehensilis) a zo ur bronneg krigner hag a vev e Suamerika.

Doareoù pennañ

Etre 30 ha 60 cm eo hirder e gorf. Liv e gein (goloet gant pikoù berr) a cheñch gant pep loen, eus melen da zu. Gris eo e gof.

Hir eo e lost (etre 30 ha 50 cm) ha hegrog, da lavaret eo e c'hell kregiñ e brank ar gwez gantañ.

Engehentañ

War-dro 200 devezh e pad an dougen ha ganet e vez ur c'holen bewech, 400 gramm e bouez. Goude bloaz e tizh ment an oad gour.

Emzalc'h

Oberiant eo diouzh an noz ha diskuizhañ kludet er gwez diouzh an deiz. Bevañ a ra er c'hoadegi dreist-holl daoust ma c'hell bezañ spurmantet o kantreal en tachadoù gounezet gant an dud.

Pa vez paket pe pa'n devez aon ec'h a en e rodelloù.

En em vagañ a ra diwar plant : gwrizioù, delioù, frouezh... Dibluskañ a ra rusk ar gwez evit tizhout lodenn denerañ ar c'hoad.

Darempred gant an dud

Hoc'h-dreinek Brazil a c'hell kas freuz ha reuz er plantadegoù (bananez, goiavez, maiz...) pa glask boued.

Debret e vez gant annezidi Suamerika.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia BR

Hoc'h-dreinek Brazil: Brief Summary ( Breton )

provided by wikipedia BR


Hoc'h-dreinek Brazil (Coendou prehensilis) a zo ur bronneg krigner hag a vev e Suamerika.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia BR

Coendú ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA

El coendú (Coendou prehensilis) és una espècie de rosegador histricomorf de la família dels porcs espins del Nou Món. Habiten els boscos des de Mèxic fins a l'Uruguai. Conté deu espècies de porc espins del Nou Món, distribuïdes en cinc gèneres. Tenen una llargada corporal d'aproximadament 65 cm.

Referències

 src= A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Coendú Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
  1. Entrada «Coendou prehensilis» de la Paleobiology Database (en anglès).
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia CA

Coendú: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

provided by wikipedia CA

El coendú (Coendou prehensilis) és una espècie de rosegador histricomorf de la família dels porcs espins del Nou Món. Habiten els boscos des de Mèxic fins a l'Uruguai. Conté deu espècies de porc espins del Nou Món, distribuïdes en cinc gèneres. Tenen una llargada corporal d'aproximadament 65 cm.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autors i editors de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia CA

Cuandu ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Der Cuandu (Coendou prehensilis) ist ein Nagetier aus der Familie der Baumstachler (Erethizontidae). Er gehört zur Gattung Greifstachler (Coendou) und wird auch als Eigentlicher Greifstachler bezeichnet.

Beschreibung

Der Cuandu hat eine Körperlänge von etwa 65 cm und besitzt einen etwa 45 cm langen Greifschwanz, den er von unten her um den Ast windet. Der ganze Körper ist gelblich bis gelbbraun gefärbt und mit Stacheln überzogen, sie fehlen aber im Gesicht. Die Oberseite der Schwanzspitze ist kahl, mit quergestellten Hornschuppen bekleidet und sehr feinfühlig.

Verbreitung

Die Art lebt in den Wäldern des nördlichen Südamerika östlich der Anden. Das Verbreitungsgebiet schließt im Norden auch die Insel Trinidad ein. Im Süden umfasst es größere Teile von Bolivien und Paraguay, zwei kleinere Gebiete in Argentinien und die nördliche Hälfte des brasilianischen Bundesstaates Rio Grande do Sul.[1]

Lebensweise

Der Cuandu verbringt den Tag im dichten Laub der Baumkronen, in hohlen Bäumen, Baumstümpfen oder Erdhöhlen. Er ist vorwiegend nachts aktiv und dank seines Schwanzes ein sehr geschickter Kletterer. Als Nahrung dienen Blätter, Blüten und Knospen. In Mais- und Getreidefeldern oder Bananenplantagen, die er zuweilen aufsucht, gilt er als Schädling.

Die Tiere leben in kleinen Gruppen. Ihre Stacheln sitzen sehr locker, fallen leicht aus und sind eine wirksame Waffe gegen Feinde. Dennoch fand bereits der Naturforscher Félix de Azara die Stacheln mehrmals im Kot des Jaguars.

Das relativ große Neugeborene trägt ein langhaariges, rötliches Fell, das mit kurzen, zunächst noch weichen und biegsamen Stacheln untermischt ist. Die Stacheln werden aber sehr bald hart und steif.

Dem Menschen gegenüber können Cuandus sehr zahm werden. Mitunter sind sie gegeneinander ziemlich aggressiv, indem sie sich beißen oder mit ihren Stacheln stechen. In Zoologischen Gärten erreichten sie ein Alter von fast neun Jahren.

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. Vgl. Karte des Verbreitungsgebiets auf iucnredlist.org.
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Cuandu: Brief Summary ( German )

provided by wikipedia DE

Der Cuandu (Coendou prehensilis) ist ein Nagetier aus der Familie der Baumstachler (Erethizontidae). Er gehört zur Gattung Greifstachler (Coendou) und wird auch als Eigentlicher Greifstachler bezeichnet.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autoren und Herausgeber von Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia DE

Kui'i guasu ( Guarani )

provided by wikipedia emerging languages
Prehensile Tail Porcupine Curled and Relaxed (18144690005).jpg

Kui'i guasu (karaiñe'ẽ: Puercoespín, lasioñe'ẽ: Coendou prehensilis) mymba okambúva.[1]

Mandu'apy

  1. Fauna Paraguay: List of the Mammals of Paraguay. Jasykõi 2020.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors

Kui'i guasu: Brief Summary ( Guarani )

provided by wikipedia emerging languages
Prehensile Tail Porcupine Curled and Relaxed (18144690005).jpg

Kui'i guasu (karaiñe'ẽ: Puercoespín, lasioñe'ẽ: Coendou prehensilis) mymba okambúva.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors

Brazilian porcupine

provided by wikipedia EN

The Brazilian porcupine (Coendou prehensilis) is a porcupine found in Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Paraguay, Suriname, Bolivia and Trinidad, with a single record from Ecuador. It inhabits tropical forests at elevations up to 1500 m.[2]

Description

The body is covered with short, thick spines that are whitish or yellowish in color, mixed with the darker hair, while the underside is grayish. The lips and nose are fleshy. The tail is prehensile, with the tip curling upward so as to get a better grip on tree branches. This porcupine can grow to forty inches long (1 m), but half of that is tail. It weighs about nine pounds (4.1 kg). No spines are found on the tail, which is long (330–485 mm (13.0–19.1 in)). Its feet are reflective of their arboreal lifestyle, well-adapted for gripping branches, with four long-clawed toes on each.

Behavior

Skeleton

This shy, nocturnal porcupine is solitary or lives in pairs in the branches of trees. During the day it rests in a cavity in a hollow tree or in a well-shaded area of the canopy, 6 to 10 meters above the ground. It rarely descends to the ground, but it shows little fear if it happens to be caught. It is not aggressive but will defend itself ferociously if attacked. Its diet consists of leaves, fruit, small fresh twigs and shoots, seeds, roots, flowers, stems, bark and cambium layer of some trees, buds and agricultural crops like corn and bananas.[3][4] This creature can easily be tamed enough to be kept in captivity. Intra-specific interactions consist of biting and attempts to injure adversaries with their sharp quills. When excited, porcupines stamp their hind feet. Vocalizations consist of growls and cries. If caught, the porcupine rolls into a ball. The prehensile tail is used to curl around branches when climbing.

Reproduction

As a rule the female gives birth to a single young in the spring. The newborn porcupine is covered with red hairs and small spines, which harden shortly after birth.

References

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Brazilian porcupine: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The Brazilian porcupine (Coendou prehensilis) is a porcupine found in Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Paraguay, Suriname, Bolivia and Trinidad, with a single record from Ecuador. It inhabits tropical forests at elevations up to 1500 m.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Coendou prehensilis ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

El puercoespín arborícola (Coendou prehensilis) es una especie de roedor histricomorfo de la familia Erethizontidae. Habitan en los bosques desde el sur de México hasta el norte de Argentina y Uruguay. Es una de las diez especies de puercoespines de América, distribuidos en cinco géneros.

Características

La longitud de su cuerpo llega hasta 55 cm de longitud, la de su cola es de 33 a 48 cm y su peso llega hasta 4 kg. La parte dorsal está cubierta de espinas o púas fuertes y juntas. Muchas de ellas son tricolor con bandas casi de igual ancho, blanco y amarillo pálido en la base y en la punta, negras o castaño oscuro en el centro.

Las espinas de la cabeza, patas y cola son cortas, las de la espalda son largas y gruesas. La cabeza es redonda; la nariz y los labios, grandes, bulbosos, suaves y rosados; las orejas son pequeñas. Las vibrisas son muy largas, llegando hasta los hombros. La cola carece de espinas y es fuerte y prensil, con la parte superior adaptada para agarrarse a las ramas. Los pies poseen almohadillas anchas expandidas en oposición a cuatro garras, fuertes y dobladas hacia adentro.

Historia natural

Es de hábitos nocturnos, vive en las ramas de los árboles de las que casi nunca baja, solitario o en pareja. De día duerme entre los árboles huecos. Prefiere los niveles altos y medios de los bosque con lianas. No salta, y para cruzar un espacio entre dos árboles, debe descender hasta el suelo. Se alimenta de hojas, frutos y ramas verdes y pequeñas.

La gestación dura 203 días, después de lo cual nace generalmente una sola cría cubierta de pelos rojos y pequeñas espinas que se endurecen inmediatamente después del parto. El destete ocurre hacia las 10 semanas. La hembra alcanza la madurez sexual a los 19 meses.

No es agresivo pero se defiende con fuerza si es molestado o atacado.

Referencias

  1. Maninho-Filho, j. & Emmons, J. (2016). «Coendou prehensilis». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2017.3 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 28 de marzo de 2018.
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Coendou prehensilis: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

El puercoespín arborícola (Coendou prehensilis) es una especie de roedor histricomorfo de la familia Erethizontidae. Habitan en los bosques desde el sur de México hasta el norte de Argentina y Uruguay. Es una de las diez especies de puercoespines de América, distribuidos en cinco géneros.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores y editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia ES

Coendou prehensilis ( Basque )

provided by wikipedia EU

Coendou prehensilis Coendou generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Erethizontinae azpifamilia eta Erethizontidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Linnaeus (1758) Erethizontidae Syst. Nat..

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EU

Coendou prehensilis: Brief Summary ( Basque )

provided by wikipedia EU

Coendou prehensilis Coendou generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Erethizontinae azpifamilia eta Erethizontidae familian sailkatuta dago.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipediako egileak eta editoreak
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EU

Coendou prehensilis ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Le Porc-épic du Brésil ou Coendou à queue prenante (Coendou prehensilis) est un porc-épic américain semi-arboricole présent dans les forêts tropicales au Mexique et à travers une grande partie de l'Amérique du Sud. L'épithète spécifique fait référence à sa queue préhensile, longue et couverte de petites écailles, qui lui sert de cinquième membre pour s'accrocher solidement aux branches.

Dénominations et taxinomie

Cette espèce a été décrite pour la première fois en 1758 par le naturaliste suédois Carl von Linné (1707-1778).

Description

Dessin d'un squelette sur fond de silhouette de coendou
Squelette de Coendou prehensilis

Le coendou est un genre de porc-épic qui a une queue préhensile. Il est couvert de longs piquants tricolores, jaunes, noirs et blancs. Il pèse entre 2 et 4,5 kg. La longueur de son corps est de 30 à 60 cm et sa queue ne mesure pas moins de 33 à 45 cm. L'espérance de vie de ce coendou est de 15 ans.

Habitat

Comme les autres coendous, le prehensilis vit dans la forêt. On ne l'aperçoit que très rarement en raison de la densité des feuillages de la jungle amazonienne où il vit. Le coendou vit aussi près des marais.

Comportement

De nuit, l'animal perché sur une branche enroule sa queue sur celle-ci pour se tenir
Coendou prehensilis

Le coendou a des mœurs nocturnes et dort le jour, enroulé sur lui-même dans une fourche de branches. Il se déplace lentement et posément. Il a le pied sûr et grimpe jusqu'à l'extrémité des rameaux pour y cueillir les feuilles et les bourgeons qui composent son menu. Ce rongeur est strictement végétarien et ses dents longues en forme de ciseaux à bois lui permettent de sectionner aisément les branches, qu'il dépouille ensuite de leurs feuilles. Lorsqu'il en a l'occasion, il établit son gîte dans un trou d'arbre, où la femelle met au monde son petit. Le cri caractéristique du coendou ressemble à un gémissement d'enfant. Cet animal ne manifeste aucune peur de l'homme et se comporte en captivité comme s'il se trouvait en liberté. Il se régale de bananes bien mûres.

Reproduction

La période de gestation du coendou est de 180 à 200 jours environ. Un seul petit est mis au monde, dont le poids à la naissance est de 280 à 425 g.

Notes et références

  1. a b et c Coendou prehensilis sur le site idRef, consulté le 14 janvier 2014
  2. (en) Murray Wrobel, 2007. Elsevier's dictionary of mammals: in Latin, English, German, French and Italian. Elsevier, 2007. (ISBN 0444518770), 9780444518774. 857 pageRechercher dans le document numérisé
  3. a et b Meyer C., ed. sc., 2009, Dictionnaire des Sciences Animales. consulter en ligne. Montpellier, France, Cirad.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Coendou prehensilis: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Le Porc-épic du Brésil ou Coendou à queue prenante (Coendou prehensilis) est un porc-épic américain semi-arboricole présent dans les forêts tropicales au Mexique et à travers une grande partie de l'Amérique du Sud. L'épithète spécifique fait référence à sa queue préhensile, longue et couverte de petites écailles, qui lui sert de cinquième membre pour s'accrocher solidement aux branches.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Coendou prehensilis ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Il porcospino brasiliano (Coendou prehensilis (Linnaeus, 1758)) è un roditore appartenente alla famiglia Erethizontidae, diffuso in America Meridionale.[2]

Descrizione

Il corpo è coperto con spine dorsali corte e folte, di color biancastro o giallastro, che si mescolano con i peli più scuri, mentre la parte inferiore è grigiastra. Le labbra e il naso sono grassi. La coda è prensile, con la punta che si arriccia in su per ottenere una miglior presa sui rami degli alberi. Può diventare quaranta pollici di lunghezza, ma la metà di questi è la coda. Pesa circa nove libbre. Non c'è nessuna spina sulla coda, che è lunga (330-485 millimetri) e prensile. Le sue zampe riflettono il loro stile di vita arboricolo, ben adattato per aggrapparsi ai rami, con quattro dita con lunghi artigli su ciascun piede.

Biologia

Comportamento

 src=
Scheletro

Questo porcospino timido e notturno è solitario o vive in coppia nei rami degli alberi. Durante il giorno riposa in una cavità in un albero vuoto o in un'area ben protetta dalla canopia, 6-10 metri sopra il terreno. Scende a terra raramente, ma mostra poco timore se gli capita di essere catturato. Non è aggressivo ma si difende ferocemente se attaccato. La sua dieta consiste in foglie, frutta e piccoli ramoscelli e germogli freschi. Questa creatura può facilmente essere addomesticata abbastanza per poterla tenere in cattività. La competizione intraspecifica consiste nel mordere e in tentativi per danneggiare gli avversari con le loro spine taglienti. Quando sono eccitati, gli istrici battono i loro piedi posteriori. I suoni usati per comunicare consistono in dei ringhi e delle grida. Quando viene preso, l'istrice rotola formando una palla. La coda prensile è utilizzata per aggrapparsi intorno ai rami mentre sale.

Riproduzione

In generale la femmina dà alla luce ad un singolo cucciolo in primavera. L'istrice neonato è coperto di peli rossi e di piccole spine dorsali, che si induriscono poco tempo dopo la nascita.

Distribuzione e habitat

È presente in Brasile, Argentina, Venezuela, Guiana, Bolivia e Trinidad, con una testimonianza anche dall'Ecuador.[1][2]

Abita in foreste tropicali fino a 1.500 m di altitudine.

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Marinho-Filho, J., Queirolo, D. & Emmons, J. 2008, Coendou prehensilis, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ a b (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Coendou prehensiles, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, 1547, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.

Bibliografia

  • Alberico, M., Cadena, A., Hernández-Camacho, J. and Muñoz-Saba, Y. 2000. Mamíferos (Synapsida: Theria) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 1(1): 43-75.
  • Eisenberg, J. F. and Redford, K. H. 1999. Mammals of the Neotropics: The Central Neotropics. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA.
  • (EN) Louise H. Emmons, Feer, François, Neotropical rainforest mammals: a field guide, 2ª edizione, University of Chicago Press, 02 settembre 1997, p. 307, ISBN 978-0-226-20721-6.
  • Hershkovitz, P. 1990. Mice of the Akodon boliviensis size class (Sigmodontinae, Cricetidae), with the description of two new species from Brazil. Fieldiana: Zoology 57: 1-35.
  • Zapata, G. and Castro, I. 2001. New record and range extension of Coendou prehensilis (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) from northeastern Ecuador. Revista de Biología Tropical 49: 765-772.

 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Coendou prehensilis: Brief Summary ( Italian )

provided by wikipedia IT

Il porcospino brasiliano (Coendou prehensilis (Linnaeus, 1758)) è un roditore appartenente alla famiglia Erethizontidae, diffuso in America Meridionale.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autori e redattori di Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia IT

Grijpstaartstekelvarken ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Het grijpstaartstekelvarken (Coendou prehensilis) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de stekelvarkens van de Nieuwe Wereld (Erethizontidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd in 1758 als Hystrix prehensilis gepubliceerd door Carl Linnaeus.[2]

Kenmerken

Dit grote, gespierde knaagdier heeft kromme klauwen, kale voetzolen en een bij de top onbehaarde, lange grijpstaart. De lichaamslengte bedraagt 52 cm, de staartlengte 52 cm en het gewicht 5 kg.

Leefwijze

Dit dier gaat in de schemering in de bomen op zoek naar voedsel, dat bestaat uit bladeren, boombast, vruchten en malse scheuten, maar ook klein gedierte staat op zijn menu. Overdag rust het dier in een hol, een boom of ondergronds.

Verspreiding

Deze solitaire soort komt plaatselijk algemeen voor in de tropische bossen van Trinidad, noordelijk en oostelijk Zuid-Amerika, met name oostelijk Venezuela, Guyana, centraal en oostelijk Brazilië, noordelijk Argentinië, Uruguay, oostelijk Paraguay en Bolivia.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Grijpstaartstekelvarken: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Het grijpstaartstekelvarken (Coendou prehensilis) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de stekelvarkens van de Nieuwe Wereld (Erethizontidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd in 1758 als Hystrix prehensilis gepubliceerd door Carl Linnaeus.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Koendu brazylijski ( Polish )

provided by wikipedia POL
Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Koendu brazylijski[3], dawn. koendu[4] (Coendou prehensilis) – gatunek gryzonia z rodziny ursonowatych (Erethizontidae)[3].

Nazwa zwyczajowa

We wcześniejszej polskiej literaturze zoologicznej Coendou prehensilis był oznaczany nazwą zwyczajową „koendu”[4]. W wydanej w 2015 roku przez Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk publikacji „Polskie nazewnictwo ssaków świata” gatunkowi nadano nazwę koendu brazylijski, rezerwując nazwę koendu dla rodzaju tych ursonowatych[3].

Opis

Greifstachler-drawing.jpg

Długość ciała do 40 cm, ogon ok. 60 cm.[5] Sierść ma zazwyczaj barwę od szarawej do brunatnej. Waży ok. 4 kilogramów. Całe ciało ma pokryte krótkimi, grubymi kolcami, a chwytny ogon ułatwia mu poruszanie się po gałęziach drzew.

Występowanie

Koendu zamieszkuje lasy Ameryki Środkowej i Południowej.

Spotkać go można w następujących państwach: Argentyna; Boliwia; Brazylia; Gujana Francuska; Gujana; Paragwaj; Trynidad i Tobago; Wenezuela[2] do wysokości 1500 m n.p.m.[6]

Tryb życia

Koendu jest zwierzęciem nocnym. Dzień spędza śpiąc w dziupli na wysokości 6-10 m lub w wykopanej na ziemi norze. W nocy żeruje. Żywi się pędami, owocami, liśćmi, drobnymi gałązkami, a niekiedy drobnymi bezkręgowcami. Koendu nie jest zwierzęciem agresywnym, jednak wystraszony może zaatakować. Kiedy jest zaciekawiony, staje na tylnych łapach, obserwując obiekt zainteresowania. Zaatakowany zwija się w kulkę.

Rozmnażanie

Po trwającej 70 dni ciąży samica rodzi młode, które jest dość dobrze rozwinięte.[5] Poród zazwyczaj przypada na wiosnę.

Przypisy

  1. Coendou prehensilis, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. a b Coendou prehensilis. Czerwona księga gatunków zagrożonych (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) (ang.).
  3. a b c Włodzimierz Cichocki, Agnieszka Ważna, Jan Cichocki, Ewa Rajska, Artur Jasiński, Wiesław Bogdanowicz: Polskie nazewnictwo ssaków świata. Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 2015, s. 297. ISBN 978-83-88147-15-9.
  4. a b Zygmunt Kraczkiewicz: SSAKI. Wrocław: Polskie Towarzystwo Zoologiczne - Komisja Nazewnictwa Zwierząt Kręgowych, 1968, s. 81, seria: Polskie nazewnictwo zoologiczne.
  5. a b WIEM, darmowa encyklopedia. [dostęp 22 września 2008].
  6. Wilson Don E. & Reeder DeeAnn M. (red.) Coendou prehensilis. w: Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (Wyd. 3.) [on-line]. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. (ang.) [dostęp 25 listopada 2009]
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autorzy i redaktorzy Wikipedii
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia POL

Koendu brazylijski: Brief Summary ( Polish )

provided by wikipedia POL

Koendu brazylijski, dawn. koendu (Coendou prehensilis) – gatunek gryzonia z rodziny ursonowatych (Erethizontidae).

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autorzy i redaktorzy Wikipedii
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia POL

Coendou prehensilis ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Coendou prehensilis é o nome científico de um roedor arborícola, notívago e herbívoro, encontrado em florestas tropicais desde o México até a América do Sul, conhecido vulgarmente no Brasil como ouriço-cacheiro,[1][2] porco-espinho,[3] cuandu e cuim.[4] Em Portugal, é conhecido como porco-espinho-brasileiro ou, simplesmente, porco-espinho, já que o nome ouriço-cacheiro é reservado para o Erinaceus europeus.

Etimologia

"Cuandu" procede do tupi antigo kûandu.[5]

Nomes vernáculos

Descrição

O Coendou prehensilis é um mamífero de 30 a 60 centímetros de comprimento e de 2 a 4 quilogramas de peso máximo, seu corpo é coberto por espinhos curtos e pontiagudos em cor esbranquiçada ou amarelada, misturada com o pelo mais escuro. Esse animal tem hábitos arborícolas, segurando-se com sua cauda preênsil, e transita com frequência pelas bordas das matas de galeria, onde pode entrar em contato com animais domésticos e pessoas.

São animais noturnos e crepusculares. À noite, saem para procurar alimento, principalmente frutos (Eisenberg e Redford, 1999), com diversas adaptações fisiológicas e metabólicas para a herbivoria. Vivem solitários ou em pares, produzindo um único filhote por ninhada. São animais que têm vida reprodutiva de até 12 anos. O porco-espinho recém-nascido é coberto com cabelos vermelhos e espinhos pequenos, que se endurecem pouco depois do nascimento.

Bibliografia

  • WOODS, C. A.; KILPATRICK, C. W. Infraorder Hystricognathi. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 2, p. 1538-1600.

Referências

  1. a b Marinho-Filho, J.; Emmons, L. (2016). «Coendou prehensilis». Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas. 2016: e.T101228458A22214580. doi:. Consultado em 19 de novembro de 2021
  2. Woods, C.A.; Kilpatrick, C.W. (2005). «Coendou prehensilis». In: Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World (em inglês) 3 ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1547. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494
  3. «Dicionário Aulete»
  4. NAVARRO, E. A. Dicionário de tupi antigo. São Paulo. Global. 2013. p. 235.
  5. NAVARRO, E. A. Dicionário de tupi antigo. São Paulo. Global. 2013. p. 235.
  6. Manso, Laura Vicuña Pereira. 2013. Dicionário da língua Kwazá. Dissertação de mestrado. Guajará-Mirim: Universidade Federal de Rondônia. (PDF).
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia PT

Coendou prehensilis: Brief Summary ( Portuguese )

provided by wikipedia PT

Coendou prehensilis é o nome científico de um roedor arborícola, notívago e herbívoro, encontrado em florestas tropicais desde o México até a América do Sul, conhecido vulgarmente no Brasil como ouriço-cacheiro, porco-espinho, cuandu e cuim. Em Portugal, é conhecido como porco-espinho-brasileiro ou, simplesmente, porco-espinho, já que o nome ouriço-cacheiro é reservado para o Erinaceus europeus.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Autores e editores de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia PT

Coendou prehensilis ( Swedish )

provided by wikipedia SV

Coendou prehensilis[2] är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Carl von Linné 1758. Coendou prehensilis ingår i släktet Coendou och familjen trädpiggsvin.[3][4] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[3] Det svenska trivialnamnet vanligt gripsvanspiggsvin eller bara gripsvanspiggsvin förekommer för arten.

Detta trädpiggsvin förekommer i nordöstra Sydamerika. Utbredningsområdets västra gräns sträcker sig från centrala Colombia över östra Peru och centrala Bolivia till norra Argentina. I öst finns arten fram till Atlanten. Den hittas även på Trinidad och Tobago. Habitatet utgörs av olika slags skogar.[1]

Individerna är aktiva på natten och äter växtdelar. De vilar i trädens håligheter eller gömda i den täta vegetationen. Honor är cirka 203 dagar dräktiga och sedan föds allmänt en unge. Det finns inga parningstider men mellan två kullar ligger en längre paus.[1]

Bildgalleri

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c d] 2008 Coendou prehensilis Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
  2. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., Coendou prehensilis
  3. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (28 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/coendou+prehensilis/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  4. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26

Externa länkar

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia SV

Coendou prehensilis: Brief Summary ( Swedish )

provided by wikipedia SV

Coendou prehensilis är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Carl von Linné 1758. Coendou prehensilis ingår i släktet Coendou och familjen trädpiggsvin. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life. Det svenska trivialnamnet vanligt gripsvanspiggsvin eller bara gripsvanspiggsvin förekommer för arten.

Detta trädpiggsvin förekommer i nordöstra Sydamerika. Utbredningsområdets västra gräns sträcker sig från centrala Colombia över östra Peru och centrala Bolivia till norra Argentina. I öst finns arten fram till Atlanten. Den hittas även på Trinidad och Tobago. Habitatet utgörs av olika slags skogar.

Individerna är aktiva på natten och äter växtdelar. De vilar i trädens håligheter eller gömda i den täta vegetationen. Honor är cirka 203 dagar dräktiga och sedan föds allmänt en unge. Det finns inga parningstider men mellan två kullar ligger en längre paus.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia författare och redaktörer
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia SV

Coendou prehensilis ( Ukrainian )

provided by wikipedia UK

Етимологія

"Coendou" — це слово корінних жителів Амазонії для позначення американських дикобразів, лат. "Prehensus" означає хапати, ловити, лат. "ilis" — означає здатність до чогось, тобто "prehensilis" — "здатність хапати", маючи на увазі хвіст, пристосований до чіпляння за гілля.

Поширення

Вид зустрічається від Колумбії та Венесуели на південь до північної Аргентини. Рідні для нього країни: Аргентина, Болівія, Бразилія, Колумбія, Французька Гвіана, Гаяна, Парагвай, Перу, Суринам, Тринідад і Тобаго, Венесуела. Мешкає у сухих та вологих первинних і вторинних лісах, але рідко може спостерігатись у неспокійних районах, у тому числі біля сільськогосподарських культур.

Зовнішня морфологія

Довжина голови й тіла: 444–560 мм, довжина задніх лап: 80–95 мм, довжина вух: 15–29 мм, вага: 3–6 кг. Дуже схожий на Coendou bicolor, але в даного виду обличчя зазвичай біле. Загальне забарвлення чорне, яке щільно переплітається з блідо-жовтим. Шипи на спині триколірні: блідо-жовті зверху й знизу в той час як центр чорний. Живіт вкритий короткими колючками і сірий. Шипів на хвості не видно й він довший ніж довжина голови й тіла; хвіст чіпкий. Подібні види: Cuendou bicolor, але він чорний і хвіст завжди більший. Sphiggurus ichillus, менший і його волосся заховане серед колючок.

Поведінка

Це нічний, самітницький, деревний гризун, що спить удень у зв'язках із в'юнких рослин або в порожнинах дерев на висоті близько 6 метрів. Харчується рослинним матеріалом, у тому числі молоде листя, стебла, плоди, квіти, коріння і кора. Також може мати доступ до плантацій гуави, кукурудзи і банана. Його площа проживання залежить від наявності продовольства, але в середньому за оцінками, досягає 15 - 20 га на одну особу.

Відтворення

Статева зрілість настає приблизно в дев'ятнадцять місяців, і ці дикобрази залишаються репродуктивно активними більше дванадцяти років. Репродуктивного сезону не існує, але репродуктивний інтервал близько 203 днів. Вагітність триває до 203 днів, після яких народжується одне дитинча, яке може лазити по деревах майже відразу. Відлучення відбувається через 10 тижнів. Розмірів дорослого молодь досягає менш ніж за рік; статева зрілість у випадку жіночої статі дається у 19-місячному віці.

Джерела

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Автори та редактори Вікіпедії
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia UK

Coendou prehensilis ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Coendou prehensilis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Erethizontidae, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Linnaeus mô tả năm 1758.[3]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ Marinho-Filho, J., Queirolo, D. & Emmons, J. (2008). Coendou prehensilis. 2008 Sách đỏ IUCN. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế 2008. Truy cập ngày 5 tháng 1 năm 2009.
  2. ^ 10th edition of Systema Naturae
  3. ^ a ă Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Coendou prehensilis”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết về một loài thuộc bộ Gặm nhấm này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Coendou prehensilis: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Coendou prehensilis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Erethizontidae, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Linnaeus mô tả năm 1758.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Цепкохвостый дикобраз ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Латинское название Coendou prehensilis
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Синонимы
  • Coendou platycentrotus Brandt, 1835

wikispecies:
Систематика
на Викивидах

commons:
Изображения
на Викискладе

ITIS 584694 NCBI 187985 Охранный статус
Status iucn3.1 LC ru.svg
Вызывающие наименьшие опасения
IUCN 3.1 Least Concern: 5085

Цепкохво́стый дикобра́з[1] (лат. Coendou prehensilis) — млекопитающее семейства американские дикобразы.

Описание

Длина тела составляет от 44 до 65 см, вес — от 1 до 5 кг. Иглы короткие, толстые, трёхцветные: сверху и снизу бледно-жёлтые, по центру чёрные. Окрас спины чёрный, серое брюхо покрыто колючками. Хвост цепкий, обычно лишённый игл, 33—48 см длиной.

Распространение

Вид распространён в тропических лесах от Колумбии и Венесуэлы на юг до северной Аргентины. Живёт в сухих и влажных первичных и вторичных лесах на высотах до 1 500 м над уровнем моря, редко наблюдается в культурном ландшафте.

Образ жизни

Образ жизни древесный, на землю спускается редко, для водопоя. По земле ходит легко, но медленно. Активен ночью. Днём спит на высоте 6—10 м. Животные живут в небольших группах. Их иглы легко выпадают и являются эффективным средством в борьбе против врагов. Испанский естествоиспытатель Феликс де Азара неоднократно находил их шипы в фекалиях ягуара. Пойманное животное сворачивается в шар. Питается листьями, почками, плодами. Иногда разоряет плантации гуавы, кукурузы и бананов. Используется местным населением в пищу. Продолжительность жизни в неволе составляет до 9 лет.

Размножение

Половая зрелость наступает примерно в девятнадцать месяцев, и эти дикобразы остаются репродуктивно активными больше двенадцати лет. Устойчивый сезон размножения отсутствует. Беременность длится до 203 дней, после которой на свет появляется один детёныш, который почти сразу может лазить по деревьям. Отлучение происходит через 10 недель. Размеров взрослого животного потомство достигает менее чем за год. Половая зрелость у самок наступает в 19-месячном возрасте.

Примечания

  1. Соколов В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Млекопитающие. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1984. — С. 195. — 10 000 экз.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Авторы и редакторы Википедии

Цепкохвостый дикобраз: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Цепкохво́стый дикобра́з (лат. Coendou prehensilis) — млекопитающее семейства американские дикобразы.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Авторы и редакторы Википедии

브라질호저 ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

브라질호저(Coendou prehensilis)는 아메리카호저과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다. 브라질아르헨티나, 베네수엘라, 기아나, 볼리비아 그리고 트리니다드에서 발견되며, 에콰도르에서 한 번 발견된 기록이 있다. 해발 1500m 이하의 열대 우림에서 서식한다.[2] 몸은 짧고 두꺼운 가시 돌기로 덮여 있으며, 희끄무레하고 누르스름한 색을 띠며 좀더 진한 털이 섞여 있는 반면에 하체는 회색빛을 띤다. 입술과 코는 두툼하다. 꼬리는 잡는 꼬리로 끝이 윗쪽으로 말리며 나무 가지를 더 잘 잡을 수 있다. 몸길이는 최대 1m까지 자라지만, 꼬리 길이는 몸길이의 절반 정도이다. 몸무게는 약 4kg이다. 꼬리에는 가시 돌기가 없고 330~485mm이다. 발은 각각 4개의 긴 밭톱을 갖고 있어서 나무가지를 붙잡을 수 있도록 잘 발달하여, 나무 위에서 생활을 할 수 있도록 되어 있다.[3]

각주

  1. “Coendou prehensilis”. 《멸종 위기 종의 IUCN 적색 목록. 2008판》 (영어). 국제 자연 보전 연맹. 2008. 2009년 1월 5일에 확인함.
  2. Woods, C.A.; Kilpatrick, C.W. (2005). 〈Infraorder Hystricognathi〉 [호저하목]. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. 1547쪽. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. Emmons, Louise H.; Feer, François (1997년 9월 2일). 《Neotropical rainforest mammals : a field guide》 2판. University of Chicago Press. 307쪽. ISBN 978-0-226-20721-6. OCLC 44179508.
 title=
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia 작가 및 편집자

브라질호저: Brief Summary ( Korean )

provided by wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

브라질호저(Coendou prehensilis)는 아메리카호저과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다. 브라질아르헨티나, 베네수엘라, 기아나, 볼리비아 그리고 트리니다드에서 발견되며, 에콰도르에서 한 번 발견된 기록이 있다. 해발 1500m 이하의 열대 우림에서 서식한다. 몸은 짧고 두꺼운 가시 돌기로 덮여 있으며, 희끄무레하고 누르스름한 색을 띠며 좀더 진한 털이 섞여 있는 반면에 하체는 회색빛을 띤다. 입술과 코는 두툼하다. 꼬리는 잡는 꼬리로 끝이 윗쪽으로 말리며 나무 가지를 더 잘 잡을 수 있다. 몸길이는 최대 1m까지 자라지만, 꼬리 길이는 몸길이의 절반 정도이다. 몸무게는 약 4kg이다. 꼬리에는 가시 돌기가 없고 330~485mm이다. 발은 각각 4개의 긴 밭톱을 갖고 있어서 나무가지를 붙잡을 수 있도록 잘 발달하여, 나무 위에서 생활을 할 수 있도록 되어 있다.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia 작가 및 편집자