Although this species has not been evaluated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), landing totals over the last 20 years have exhibited significant decreases in abundance. One of the primary conservation efforts for this species is the Interstate Fishery Management Plan for Atlantic Striped Bass, developed by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission under the authority of the Striped Bass Conservation Act. Under the conservation and management directives of this plan, striped bass populations have made the biggest comeback of any finfish species on record, with estimates as high as 1 to 1.5 million in the Connecticut River every spring. Despite their rebound, striped bass face a number of challenges. For example, mycobacteriosis, a bacterial infection that results in skin lesions, stunted growth, inflammation, tissue destruction, and formation of scare tissue in organs, poses a significant threat to the overall health of this species. Unfortunately, little is known of this disease, and research is currently underway to investigate this pathogen and its impact on the species as a whole.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
State of Michigan List: no special status
With the exception of humans, seals, and sharks, adult striped bass have few natural predators. Juveniles, however, are preyed upon by many larger fish, such as Atlantic tomcod, Atlantic cod, bluefish, silver hake, and larger striped bass have been known consume juveniles as well.
Known Predators:
Striped bass have a laterally compressed body, large terminal mouth, separate dorsal fins and six to nine continuous lateral stripes on both sides of its body. The third anal spine is longer and thinner than the second anal spine. Adult striped bass typically weigh 3.6 to 6.8 kg, however, bass exceeding 22 kg are recorded on an annual basis. Adults range in length from 46 to 140 cm. Striped bass tend to be light green, olive, steel blue, black or brown on their dorsum, with a white or silver iridescent venter. Individuals greater than 25 years of age have been recorded, and sexual maturity is attained between the ages of 2 and 4 for males, and between the ages of 5 and 8 for females.
Range mass: 4 to 23 kg.
Range length: 46 to 140 cm.
Other Physical Features: ectothermic ; heterothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Most striped bass live between 10 and 12 years; however, individuals older than 30 years have been recorded in the wild.
Range lifespan
Status: wild: 10 to 30 years.
Typical lifespan
Status: wild: 10 to 12 years.
Striped bass thrive in large bodies of deep, clear water. Ideal temperatures range from 18.3 to 21.1 °C, and evidence suggests a lower temperature limit of 9.0 °C. Mature fish can be found living inshore, in estuaries, and in freshwater habitats, depending on season and location, and most individuals are found more within five miles from the coast. Juvenile fish are normally found in rivers, which provide critical habitat for spawning.
Habitat Regions: saltwater or marine ; freshwater
Aquatic Biomes: lakes and ponds; rivers and streams; coastal ; brackish water
Other Habitat Features: estuarine
Striped bass can be found on the Atlantic coast of the United States, from northern Florida to the St. Lawrence estuary in southeastern Canada. This species has been introduced to many inland lakes and reservoirs in the Midwest, as well as, the Pacific coast of the United States.
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native )
The dietary habits of striped bass change throughout their life. As larvae, striped bass feed on zooplankton, and as juveniles they mostly feed on insect larvae, small crustaceans, mayflies, and larval fish. Adult striped bass are piscivorous, feeding on bay anchovy, Atlantic silversides and yellow perch; however, a vast majority of their diet consists of Atlantic menhaden. Striped bass do most of their feeding at night in benthic habitats, but chase prey to the water's surface when necessary, typically during fall when trying to build winter fat reserves.
Animal Foods: fish; insects; mollusks; aquatic crustaceans; other marine invertebrates; zooplankton
Primary Diet: carnivore (Piscivore )
Striped bass are important predators on Atlantic menhaden and help maintain prey populations at sustainable levels. Major parasites of striped bass include copepods (e.g., Ergasilus labracid), tapeworms, cestode worms (e.g., Proteocephalid larvae), protists (e.g., Colponema, Trichodina, and Glossatella), myxozoans (e.g., Myxosoma morone), roundworms (e.g., Philometra rubra), and spiny-headed worms (e.g., Pomphorhynchus rocci larvae). For a complete account of parasites specific to this species, please reference Paperna and Zwerner (1976).
Ecosystem Impact: keystone species
Commensal/Parasitic Species:
Striped bass are one of the most highly sought after sport fish along the Atlantic coast of the United States. Many fishermen take note of the migratory patterns of these fish and use this knowledge to catch them during different parts of the year, especially spring, when the fish are on their way to their natal spawning grounds. In addition to recreational fishing, a major commercial fishery for striped bass exists off the coast of Virginia and Maryland, which has accounted for nearly 56% of total catch since the year 2000. In 1974, commercial landings totaled 6,000 megatons. Due to severe population declines, these numbers have decreased dramatically, and in 2004, commercial landings totaled 3,290 mega tons.
Positive Impacts: food
Striped bass introduced into the California Delta prey upon salmon and delta smelt and are now considered an invasive species. Salmon and delta smelt are important prey for a number of piscivorous fish species, which have experienced significant declines since the introduction of striped bass.
Striped bass eggs hatch 29 to 80 hours after fertilization. Newly hatched larvae remain suspended in the water column and tend to suffocate if they spend and extended period of time in oxygen poor water. Larvae measure about 3.1 mm long. As larvae, nourishment comes from the large yolk mass the females released with her eggs, and after two to four days their mouth forms. Once larvae begin feeding, primary prey consists of microscopic organisms that occupy the same area of water column. Juveniles are highly sensitive to their environment and can be greatly affected by changes in temperature or salinity. About 1 week after hatching, juveniles begin feeding on small crustaceans, such as copepods. Once they reach about 2 inches in length, juveniles begin feeding primarily on mysid shrimp and amphipods. During their first year of life, striped bass reach anywhere from 10 to 12 inches in length. Males reach sexual maturity by 3 years of age, and females reach sexual maturity within 4 to 6 years of age. Striped bass can live for up to 20 years in the wild.
Development - Life Cycle: indeterminate growth
Sensory perception in striped bass occurs via the lateral line, a keen sense of smell and marginal vision. The lateral line gives them the ability to detect sound waves, as well as information related velocity and pressure. It also allows them to sense vibrations which is useful in predation and predator avoidance. Striped bass possess an acute sense of smell, which helps guide them to natal spawning grounds as well as detect potential prey. While striped bass have marginal vision, the number of rods and cones in their retinas allow for vision similar to that in humans. Rods allow them to see in low light conditions whereas cones make color vision possible. Vision is primarily used during close encounters with prey.
Communication Channels: visual
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; vibrations ; chemical
Morone saxatilis is polyandrous. A group of 7 to 8 males surround a single larger female, and once surrounded, males bump the female to the waters surface. This act is often referred to as “rock fights,” due to the splashing that occurs on the surface of the water. Once at the surface, males continue bumping the female until she releases her eggs into the water. Once the eggs are discharged into the water, males release their sperm.
Mating System: polyandrous
Striped bass begin spawning when temperatures warm to about 18 degrees C. They tend to spawn in rivers and in brackish estuaries. Major spawning locations include the Hudson River, the Chesapeake Bay and the Roanoke River-Albermarle Sound watershed. Once fertilized, embryos drift in the current for 1.5 to 3 days. Female can release between 500,000 and 3 million eggs during a single spawning event; however, less than one percent of embryos survive for more than a couple of months after hatching. Male striped bass typically reach sexual maturity at 2 to 3 years of age, and females reach sexual maturity at 5 to 6 years of age.
Breeding interval: Striped bass spawn once a year.
Breeding season: Striped bass spawn once a year, from April to mid-June.
Range number of offspring: 500,000 to 3,000,000.
Range gestation period: 1.5 to 3 days.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 5 to 6 years.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 2 to 3 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization (External ); broadcast (group) spawning; oviparous
Striped bass are broadcast spawners and embryos developed while suspended in the water column. As a result, parental care is nonexistent in this species.
Parental Investment: no parental involvement
Zolaqlı lavrak və ya Zolaqlı xanı (lat. Morone saxatilis) — xanıkimilər dəstəsinə, Lavrakkimilər fəsiləsinə daxil olan növ. Atlantik okeanının Şimali Amerika sahillərində, Müqəddəs Lavrentiya çayı mənsəbindən Luizinannaya qədər olan ərazidə yayılmışdır. Xəzər dənizində yaşayan balıqların siyahısında adı çəkilir.
Zolaqlı lavrak gümüşü rəngli uzadılmış bədən quruluşuna sahibdir. Maksimal uzunluğu 200 sm-dir. İndiyənə kimi qeydə alınan ən böuük nümunə 57 kq-dır. Yetkin fərdlərin böyük əksəriyyəti 120 sm olur. Belə ehtimal edilir ki, bu balıqların ömür müddəri 30 ildir. Miqrasitya edən balıq növüdür. Kürüləməni şirin sularda gerçəkləşdirir[1].
Zolaqlı lavrak və ya Zolaqlı xanı (lat. Morone saxatilis) — xanıkimilər dəstəsinə, Lavrakkimilər fəsiləsinə daxil olan növ. Atlantik okeanının Şimali Amerika sahillərində, Müqəddəs Lavrentiya çayı mənsəbindən Luizinannaya qədər olan ərazidə yayılmışdır. Xəzər dənizində yaşayan balıqların siyahısında adı çəkilir.
Zolaqlı lavrak gümüşü rəngli uzadılmış bədən quruluşuna sahibdir. Maksimal uzunluğu 200 sm-dir. İndiyənə kimi qeydə alınan ən böuük nümunə 57 kq-dır. Yetkin fərdlərin böyük əksəriyyəti 120 sm olur. Belə ehtimal edilir ki, bu balıqların ömür müddəri 30 ildir. Miqrasitya edən balıq növüdür. Kürüləməni şirin sularda gerçəkləşdirir.
El llobarro atlàntic ratllat (Morone saxatilis) és una espècie de peix pertanyent a la família dels morònids.[5]
Té lloc quan la temperatura arriba als 18 °C als rius o estuaris on es realitzarà l'aparellament (com ara, el rius Hudson[11] i Roanoke o la badia de Chesapeake). La femella pot arribar a dipositar entre 500.000 i 3 milions d'ous però menys d'1% dels embrions arribaran a sobreviure més d'un parell de mesos després de l'eclosió.[12] Els pares no protegeixen ni els ous ni les larves i els embrions van a la deriva durant 1,5-3 dies. La maduresa sexual és assolida pels mascles en arribar als 2-4 anys d'edat i per les femelles entre els 5 i els 8.[10][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]
Les larves mengen zooplàncton; els juvenils gambetes i d'altres crustacis, anèl·lids i insectes,[21][22] mentre que els adults es nodreixen d'una gran varietat de peixos[23] i invertebrats (calamars, crancs, cucs de mar i amfípodes), amb la particularitat que deixen d'alimentar-se poc abans de la fresa.[9][24][25][26][27][28]
És depredat per taurons,[29] pinnípedes, gàdids (Microgadus tomcod i Gadus morhua), el lluç platejat (Merluccius bilinearis), Morone saxatilis (el canibalisme hi és present), el tallahams (Pomatomus saltator), Cyclops bicuspidatus[30] i la llampresa de mar (Petromyzon marinus).[10][31][32]
Els seus paràsits inclouen Ergasilus labracid, Scolex pleuronectis, larves de cestodes, Colponema, Trichodina, Glossatella, Myxosoma morone, Philometra rubra i Pomphorhynchus rocci, entre d'altres.[10]
És un peix d'aigua dolça (entra als rius a la primavera per fresar), salabrosa i marina, anàdrom,[33] demersal i de clima temperat (8 °C-25 °C;[34] 51°N-24°N, 94°W-44°W), el qual viu a les aigües costaneres i les badies. N'hi ha poblacions mancades de sortida al mar.[9][35][36]
És originari de l'Atlàntic occidental: des del riu Sant Llorenç[37] (el Canadà)[38][39] fins al riu St. John's River (el nord de Florida) i el nord del golf de Mèxic,[34] i, també, des de l'oest de Florida fins a Louisiana. Ha estat introduït a altres països i territoris[40] (com ara, l'Argentina,[41] l'Equador, les illes Hawaii,[42][43] l'Iran,[44] Mèxic,[45] Rússia, Sud-àfrica, Turquia[46] i Letònia).[9][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]
És inofensiu per als humans i la seua esperança de vida és de 30 anys.[9][64][65][66]
El llobarro atlàntic ratllat (Morone saxatilis) és una espècie de peix pertanyent a la família dels morònids.
Mořčák pruhovaný (Morone saxatilis) je ryba z řádu ostnoploutvých.
Běžně má délku 120 centimetrů, ale byl zaznamenán i rekordní kus o délce dvou metrů a váze 57 kilogramů. Předpokládá se, že se jedinci mohou dožívat až 30 let.
Jejím přirozeným prostorem je atlantické pobřeží Severní Ameriky v délce zhruba od ústí Řeky svatého Vavřince až do Mexického zálivu na úrovni Louisiany. Kromě toho byla jako nepůvodní druh vysazena jednak u tichooceánského pobřeží Spojených států amerických, jednak i do přehrad.
Mořčák pruhovaný provádí anadromní migraci – žije v mořské vodě, ale na rozmnožování pluje do sladké vody.
V tomto článku byl použit překlad textu z článku Striped bass na anglické Wikipedii.
Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu mořčák pruhovaný ve Wikimedia Commons
Mořčák pruhovaný (Morone saxatilis) je ryba z řádu ostnoploutvých.
Běžně má délku 120 centimetrů, ale byl zaznamenán i rekordní kus o délce dvou metrů a váze 57 kilogramů. Předpokládá se, že se jedinci mohou dožívat až 30 let.
Jejím přirozeným prostorem je atlantické pobřeží Severní Ameriky v délce zhruba od ústí Řeky svatého Vavřince až do Mexického zálivu na úrovni Louisiany. Kromě toho byla jako nepůvodní druh vysazena jednak u tichooceánského pobřeží Spojených států amerických, jednak i do přehrad.
Mořčák pruhovaný provádí anadromní migraci – žije v mořské vodě, ale na rozmnožování pluje do sladké vody.
Morone saxatilis, gelegentlich als Felsenbarsch bezeichnet, ist ein Fisch aus der Familie der Wolfsbarsche (Moronidae). Er kommt an der nordamerikanischen Atlantikküste vom Sankt-Lorenz-Strom in Kanada bis zum St. Johns River im nördlichen Florida und an der Nordküste des Golf von Mexiko vom westlichen Florida bis Louisiana vor. Als hervorragender Speisefisch wurde er in weitere Länder eingeführt.
Morone saxatilis kann eine Maximallänge von zwei Meter und ein Maximalgewicht von 57 kg erreichen, bleibt für gewöhnlich aber bei einer Länge von 1,20 m. Er ist von silbriger Farbe mit einem dunklen, grünlichen Rücken. Charakteristisch sind die sieben bis acht, schmalen, dunklen Längsstreifen an den Körperseiten. Morone saxatilis ist raschwüchsig und kann 30 Jahre alt werden.
Morone saxatilis lebt küstennah im Brackwasser von Buchten und Flussmündungen. Im Frühjahr wandert er die Flüsse hinauf, um zu laichen. Einige Populationen leben auch ständig in Süßgewässern. Die Fische sind gefräßig und nicht wählerisch. Larven ernähren sich von Zooplankton, Jungfische von kleinen Garnelen, anderen kleinen Krebstieren, Ringelwürmern und Insekten. Ausgewachsene Fische fressen Heringe, Stinte, Aale, Funduliden, Butterfische, Sandaale, Seehechte und Ährenfische, sowie Kopffüßer, Krabben, andere Krebstiere und Würmer. Kurz vor dem Laichen hören die Fische auf zu fressen. Morone saxatilis laicht in Massen über Sandbänken, wobei die Fische einander umkreisen.
Morone saxatilis, gelegentlich als Felsenbarsch bezeichnet, ist ein Fisch aus der Familie der Wolfsbarsche (Moronidae). Er kommt an der nordamerikanischen Atlantikküste vom Sankt-Lorenz-Strom in Kanada bis zum St. Johns River im nördlichen Florida und an der Nordküste des Golf von Mexiko vom westlichen Florida bis Louisiana vor. Als hervorragender Speisefisch wurde er in weitere Länder eingeführt.
Таргыл лаврак (лат. Roccus saxatilis) — деңиз алабугаларынын бир түрү.
The striped bass (Morone saxatilis), also called the Atlantic striped bass, striper, linesider, rock, or rockfish, is an anadromous perciform fish of the family Moronidae found primarily along the Atlantic coast of North America. It has also been widely introduced into inland recreational fisheries across the United States. Striped bass found in the Gulf of Mexico are a separate strain referred to as Gulf Coast striped bass.[2]
The striped bass is the state fish of Maryland, Rhode Island, and South Carolina, and the state saltwater (marine) fish of New York, New Jersey, Virginia, and New Hampshire.
The history of the striped bass fishery in North America dates back to the Colonial period. Many written accounts by some of the first European settlers describe the immense abundance of striped bass, along with alewives, traveling and spawning up most rivers in the coastal Northeast.[3]
The striped bass is a typical member of the family Moronidae in shape, having a streamlined, silvery body marked with longitudinal dark stripes running from behind the gills to the base of the tail. Common mature size is 20 to 40 pounds (9–18 kg). The largest specimen recorded was 124 pounds (56 kg), netted in 1896. Striped bass are believed to live for up to 30 years.[4] The average size in length is 20 to 35 inches (50–90 cm) and approximately 5 to 20 pounds (2–9 kg).
Striped bass are native to the Atlantic coastline of North America from the St. Lawrence River into the Gulf of Mexico to Louisiana. They are anadromous fish that migrate between fresh and salt water. Spawning takes place in fresh water.[5]
Striped bass have been introduced to the Pacific Coast of North America and into many of the large reservoir impoundments across the United States by state game and fish commissions for the purposes of recreational fishing and as a predator to control populations of gizzard shad.[6][7][8] These include: Elephant Butte Lake in New Mexico; Lake Ouachita, Lake Norman in North Carolina; Lake Norfork, Beaver Lake and Lake Hamilton in Arkansas; Lake Thunderbird in Illinois; Lake Pleasant, and Lake Havasu in Arizona; Lake Powell along the Arizona/Utah border; Castaic Lake, Pyramid Lake, Silverwood Lake, Diamond Valley Lake, and San Francisco Bay-Delta in California; Lewis Smith Lake in Alabama;[9] Lake Cumberland in Kentucky; Lake George in Florida; Lake Murray in South Carolina; Lake Lanier in Georgia; Watts Bar Lake, in Tennessee; Lake Mead, Nevada; Lake Texoma on the border of Texas and Oklahoma, Lake Tawakoni, Lake Whitney, Buffalo Springs Lake, Possum Kingdom Lake, and Lake Buchanan in Texas; Raystown Lake in Pennsylvania; Lake Wallenpaupack in Northeastern Pennsylvania; Umpqua River in Oregon and in Virginia's Smith Mountain Lake[10] and Leesville Reservoir.[11]
Striped bass have also been introduced into waters in Ecuador, Iran, Latvia, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, and Turkey, primarily for sport fishing and aquaculture.[4]
The spawning success of striped bass has been studied in the San Francisco Bay-Delta water system, with a finding that high total dissolved solids (TDS) reduce spawning. At levels as low as 200 mg/L TDS, an observable diminution of spawning productivity occurs.[12] They can be found in lakes, ponds, streams, and wetlands.
Though the population of striped bass was growing and repopulating in the late 1980s and throughout the 1990s, a study executed by the Wildlife and Fisheries Program at West Virginia University found that the rapid growth of the striped bass population was exerting a tremendous pressure on its prey (river herring, shad, and blueback herring). This pressure on their food source was putting their own population at risk due to the population of prey naturally not coming back to the same spawning areas.[13]
In the United States, the striped bass was designated as a protected game fish in 2007, and executive agencies were directed to use existing legal authorities to prohibit the sale of striped bass caught in federal waters in the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico.[14] In addition, Connecticut, Maine, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina have designated striped bass as a game fish in state waters.[15]
In Canada, the province of Quebec designated the striped bass population of the Saint Lawrence as extirpated in 1996. Analysis of available data implicated overfishing and dredging in the disappearance. In 2002, a reintroduction program was successful.[16][17]
Striped bass spawn in fresh water, and although they have been successfully adapted to freshwater habitat, they naturally spend their adult lives in saltwater (i.e., they are anadromous). Five important bodies of water with breeding stocks of striped bass are: Miramichi River, Chesapeake Bay, Massachusetts Bay/Cape Cod, Hudson River, and Delaware River. Many of the rivers and tributaries that emptied into the Atlantic, had at one time, bred stock of striped bass. This occurred until the 1860s.[3] One of the largest breeding areas is the Chesapeake Bay, where populations from Chesapeake and Delaware bays have intermingled.[18] The very few successful spawning populations of freshwater striped bass include Lake Texoma, Lake Weiss (Coosa River), the Colorado River and its reservoirs downstream from and including Lake Powell, and the Arkansas River, as well as Lake Marion (South Carolina) that retained a landlocked breeding population when the dam was built; other freshwater fisheries must be restocked with hatchery-produced fish annually. Stocking of striped bass was discontinued at Lake Mead in 1973 once natural reproduction was verified.[19]
Striped bass have also been hybridized with white bass to produce hybrid striped bass also known as wiper, whiterock bass, sunshine bass, palmetto bass, and Cherokee bass. These hybrids have been stocked in many freshwater areas across the US.[20][21]
Striped bass are of significant value for sport fishing, and have been introduced to many waterways outside their natural range. A variety of angling methods are used, including trolling and surf casting with topwater lures a good pick for surf casting, as well as bait casting with live and dead bait. Striped bass take a number of live and fresh baits, including bunker, clams, eels, sandworms, herring, bloodworms, mackerel, shad, bluegill, and crayfish.
The largest striped bass ever taken by angling was an 81.88 lb (37.14 kg) specimen taken from a boat in Long Island Sound, near the Outer Southwest Reef, off the coast of Westbrook, Connecticut. The all-tackle world record fish was taken by Gregory Myerson[22] on the night of August 4, 2011. The fish took a drifted live eel bait, and fought for 20 minutes before being boated by Myerson. A second hook and leader was discovered in the fish's mouth when it was boated, indicating it had been previously hooked by another angler. The fish measured 54 in long and had a girth of 36 in. The International Game Fish Association (IFGA) declared Myerson's catch the new all-tackle world record striped bass on October 19, 2011.[23] In addition to now holding the all-tackle record, Meyerson's catch also landed him the new IGFA men's 37 kg (80 -lb) line class record for striped bass, which previously stood at 70 lb. The previous all-tackle world record fish was a 78.5 lb (35.6 kg) specimen taken in Atlantic City, New Jersey, on September 21, 1982, by Albert McReynolds, who fought the fish from the beach for 1:20 after it took his Rebel artificial lure.[24] Recreational bag limits vary by state and province.
Striped bass are anadromous, so their upriver spawning migrations led some individuals to become "landlocked" during lake dam constructions. The first area where this was documented was at the Santee-Cooper River during the construction of the two dams that impounded Lakes Moultrie and Marion, and because of this, the state game fish of South Carolina is the striped bass.[25]
Recently, biologists came to believe that striped bass stayed in rivers for long periods of time, with some not returning to sea unless temperature changes forced migration. Once fishermen and biologists caught on to rising striped bass populations, many state natural resources departments started stocking striped bass in local lakes. Striped bass still continue to exhibit upstream migrations from freshwater lakes during the spawning period. Landlocked stripers have a hard time reproducing naturally, and one of the few and most successful rivers in which they have been documented reproducing successfully is the Coosa River in Alabama and Georgia.[26]
A 70.6 lb (32.0 kg) landlocked bass was caught in February 2013 by James Bramlett on the Warrior River in Alabama, a current world record.[27] This fish had a length of 44 inches (110 cm) and a girth of 37.75 inches (95.9 cm).
A self-sustaining population of striped bass also exist in Lake Texoma, a brackish lake.[28] In Canada there are no landlocked striped bass, but a large number of bass overwinter in Grand Lake, Nova Scotia. They migrate out in early April into the Shubenacadie River to spawn. These bass also spawn in the Stewiacke River (a tributary of the Shubenacadie). The Shubenacadie River system is one of five known spawning areas in Canada for striped bass, with the others being the St. Lawerence River, Miramichi River, Saint John River, Annapolis River, and Shubenacadie/Stewiacke Rivers.[29]
The striped bass population declined to less than 5 million by 1982, but efforts by fishermen with throw back lengths for smaller striped bass and management programs to rebuild the stock proved successful, and in 2007, the nearly 56 million fish included all ages. Recreational anglers and commercial fisherman caught an unprecedented 3.8 million fish in 2006. In New Jersey, alone among states, there is no legal commercial fishery for Striped Bass, it is against the law to sell Striped Bass in wholesale markets, retail, or in restaurants. [30]The management of the species includes size limits, commercial quotas, and biological reference points for the health of the species.
The Atlantic coast-wide harvest of striped bass is managed by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (AMSFC). In October 2019, the AMSFC announced that the 2018 Benchmark Stock Assessment indicated that "the resource is overfished and experiencing overfishing."[31] Following a series of hearings during March and April 2021 to gather public input, the ASMFC Striped Bass Technical Committee will make recommendations for a new 10-year management strategy, Amendment 7 to the Interstate Management Plan for Atlantic Striped Bass, to replenish striped bass to sustainable levels throughout its traditional migratory range from North Carolina to Maine. Amendment 7 will be finalized and adopted in late 2021 and implemented in 2022.[32]
Striped bass has white meat with a mild flavor and a medium texture. It is extremely versatile in that it can be pan-seared, grilled, steamed, poached, roasted, broiled, sautéed, and deep fried (including batter-frying).[34] The flesh can also be eaten raw or pickled.[35][36]
The primary market forms for fresh bass include headed and gutted (with the head and organs removed) and filets; the primary market forms for frozen bass include headed and gutted and loins. It can also be found in steaks, chunks, or whole.[33] Fresh striped bass is available year-round,[34] and is typically sold in sizes from two to fifteen pounds, and can be sold up to fifty pounds.[36]
Striped bass has firm and flavorful flesh with a large flake.[36] The hybrid striped bass yields more meat, has a more fragile texture, and a blander flavor than wild striped bass.[37] The fish has a mild and distinctive flavor. In recipes, it can be substituted for milder fish like cod, as well as for stronger fish like bluefish. Other fish can substitute it, including weakfish, tilefish, blackfish, small bluefish, catfish, salmon, swordfish, and shark. Striped bass is easily grilled in fillets, and is therefore popular in beach communities.[33]
The striped bass (Morone saxatilis), also called the Atlantic striped bass, striper, linesider, rock, or rockfish, is an anadromous perciform fish of the family Moronidae found primarily along the Atlantic coast of North America. It has also been widely introduced into inland recreational fisheries across the United States. Striped bass found in the Gulf of Mexico are a separate strain referred to as Gulf Coast striped bass.
The striped bass is the state fish of Maryland, Rhode Island, and South Carolina, and the state saltwater (marine) fish of New York, New Jersey, Virginia, and New Hampshire.
The history of the striped bass fishery in North America dates back to the Colonial period. Many written accounts by some of the first European settlers describe the immense abundance of striped bass, along with alewives, traveling and spawning up most rivers in the coastal Northeast.
La lubina rayada atlántica (Morone saxatilis, también conocido como Striped bass, en inglés) es un pez anádromo que se encuentra a lo largo de la costa atlántica de América del Norte, desde el norte de Florida hasta el estuario del río San Lorenzo. Se introdujo con éxito en varios lagos y embalses del continente y la costa del Pacífico, donde actualmente se puede encontrar desde México hasta la Columbia Británica. Las muestras de la Costa Atlántica tienen como origen la Bahía de Chesapeake, el río Delaware y el río Hudson. Hace migraciones estacionales de la costa de Carolina del Norte hasta Nueva Escocia.
La pesca deportiva de los ejemplares migratorios se produce durante todo el año, y el pico de esta actividad se lleva a cabo durante la primavera y las migraciones de otoño. La pesca comercial se lleva a cabo estacionalmente, con anzuelos y redes.
La lubina rayada atlántica alcanza una longitud de 150 cm y un peso de 25-35 kg.[1] Su edad máxima alcanza más de 25 años y la madurez sexual se alcanza entre los dos y cuatro años de edad, para los machos, y entre cinco y ocho años para las hembras. La migración para el desove de los ejemplares se produce entre abril y junio, cuando los peces entran en hábitats de agua dulce. La temperatura del agua durante el desove puede variar de 10°C a 23°C, el ápice de la actividad de desove se observa entre 15°C y 20°C. Después del desove dejan las costas y vuelven a los estuarios. La lubina es omnívora, se alimenta de varias especies de invertebrados y peces, sobre todo de la familia Clupeidae de sábalo (Brevoortia tyrannus) y la saboga (Alosa fallax).
Datos: Q842647
Multimedia:
Especies: Morone saxatilis
La lubina rayada atlántica (Morone saxatilis, también conocido como Striped bass, en inglés) es un pez anádromo que se encuentra a lo largo de la costa atlántica de América del Norte, desde el norte de Florida hasta el estuario del río San Lorenzo. Se introdujo con éxito en varios lagos y embalses del continente y la costa del Pacífico, donde actualmente se puede encontrar desde México hasta la Columbia Británica. Las muestras de la Costa Atlántica tienen como origen la Bahía de Chesapeake, el río Delaware y el río Hudson. Hace migraciones estacionales de la costa de Carolina del Norte hasta Nueva Escocia.
La pesca deportiva de los ejemplares migratorios se produce durante todo el año, y el pico de esta actividad se lleva a cabo durante la primavera y las migraciones de otoño. La pesca comercial se lleva a cabo estacionalmente, con anzuelos y redes.
La lubina rayada atlántica alcanza una longitud de 150 cm y un peso de 25-35 kg. Su edad máxima alcanza más de 25 años y la madurez sexual se alcanza entre los dos y cuatro años de edad, para los machos, y entre cinco y ocho años para las hembras. La migración para el desove de los ejemplares se produce entre abril y junio, cuando los peces entran en hábitats de agua dulce. La temperatura del agua durante el desove puede variar de 10°C a 23°C, el ápice de la actividad de desove se observa entre 15°C y 20°C. Después del desove dejan las costas y vuelven a los estuarios. La lubina es omnívora, se alimenta de varias especies de invertebrados y peces, sobre todo de la familia Clupeidae de sábalo (Brevoortia tyrannus) y la saboga (Alosa fallax).
Juovabassi (Morone saxatilis) on Pohjois-Amerikan itä- ja etelärannikolla elävä suurikokoinen ahvenkala, joka on suosittu urheilukalastuksen kohde.[3][4] Täysikasvuinen yksilö on keskimäärin 120 senttimetriä pitkä ja painaa jopa 45 kilogrammaa. Lajin nimi tulee kylkien tummista juovista. Juovabassia tavataan Meksikonlahden pohjoisosissa ja Atlantin länsireunalla. Se on pohjakala ja vaeltaa kesäisin jokiin kutemaan. Juovabassi on ravintoketjun huipulla ja käyttää täysikasvuisena ravinnokseen muita kaloja ja selkärangattomia.
Nuorena juovabassi on solakka ja virtaviivainen mutta muuttuu raskasrakenteisemmaksi saavutettuaan 2–4 kilogramman painon.[3] Täysikasvuisena se on keskimäärin 120 senttimetriä pitkä ja voi painaa jopa 45 kilogrammaa.[3][4] Suurin koskaan pyydetty juovabassi oli 2 metriä pitkä ja painoi 57 kilogrammaa.[4] Naaraat ovat koiraita suurempia ja painavampia kaikissa ikävaiheissa.[3] Juovabassin selän väritys vaihtelee oliivinvihreästä sinertävän teräksenharmaaseen ja jopa mustaan. Sillä on valkoinen vatsa ja hopeanhohtoiset kyljet, jotka vivahtavat joskus vihreään. Kyljissä on sivusuunnassa seitsemän tai kahdeksan tummaa juovaa, joista kala on saanut nimensä. Nuorilla yksilöillä juovat ovat katkonaiset.[3]
Juovabassilla on kaksi selkäevää, jotka erottaa toisistaan selvä rako.[3] Niistä etummaisessa on 9–11 piikkiruotoa ja takimmaisessa 10–13 pehmeää ruotoa.[4] Peräevässä on puolestaan 7–13 pehmeää ruotoa ja 3 piikkiruotoa, joista pisin on alle puolet peräevän korkeudesta. Juovabassin hampaat sijaitsevat kahdella alueella kielen takaosassa toisin kuin valkobassilla, jonka hampaat ovat keskittyneet vain yhdelle alueelle kielen tyvessä.[3]
Juovabassi elää Meksikonlahden pohjoisosissa ja sinne laskevissa joissa sekä Atlantin länsireunalla, missä sen levinneisyysalue ulottuu Saint Lawrencen joelta Kanadasta St. Johns- joelle Pohjois-Floridaan. Se on levinnyt ihmisen mukana myös Yhdysvaltojen länsirannikolle ja sisävesistöön sekä muualle maailmaan.[3][4]
Juovabassi on lauhkean vyöhykkeen pohjakala, joka elää luonnostaan merenlahdissa ja -rannoilla ja vaeltaa keväisin jokiin kutemaan.[3][4] Lajin tieteellinen nimi saxatilis viittaa sen mieltymykseen oleskella kivien läheisyydessä. Meksikonlahdella elävät kannat vaeltavat kutuvaelluksen lisäksi toisenkin kerran: ne muuttavat kesäkuukausina talvehtimispaikoiltaan pohjoiseen Uuden-Englannin ja Etelä-Kanadan rannikolle ja yhtyvät sikäläisiin kantoihin mutta hakeutuvat takaisin etelään talveksi.[3]
Atlantin rannikolla elävät juovabassit voidaan jakaa erillisiin ”rotuihin”, jotka eivät eroa kuitenkaan toisistaan niin paljon, että ne voitaisiin luokitella omiksi alalajeikseen.[3] Muutamiin tekojärviin Yhdysvalloissa on muodostunut myös makean veden kantoja, jotka eivät koskaan käy meressä.[3][4] Ne liikkuvat parvina järven keskivedessä ja hakeutuvat kesällä viileämmän ja hapekkaamman veden alueille.[3]
Juovabassi voi elää jopa kolmekymmentävuotiaaksi.[4] Koiraista tulee sukukypsiä kahden vuoden iässä ja naaraista neljän vuoden iässä, kun ne ovat kasvaneet 45–60 senttimetrin mittaisiksi. Kutuaika alkaa, kun vesi lämpenee 13-asteiseksi, ja on kiivaimmillaan 16–19-asteisessa vedessä. Parittelua edeltävät koskipaikoissa tapahtuvat kiihkeät soidinmenot, joiden aikana yhtä isoa naarasta ajattaa yleensä useampi koiras.[3]
Nuori juovabassinaaras voi munia jopa 65 000 mätimunaa, jotka ovat vihertävänvärisiä ja kelluvat hyvin vedessä. Jouduttuaan veteen munat ajelehtivat veden virtausten mukana tavallisesti kaksi tai kolme päivää ennen kuin poikaset kuoriutuvat. Munat kuolevat, jos ne vajoavat joenpohjaan ennen poikasten kuoriutumista. Poikaset kasvavat nopeasti ja pysyttelevät aluksi syntymäjokensa alajuoksulla sijaitsevissa murtovetisissä merenlahdissa.[3]
Juovabassi on ravintoketjun huipulla oleva kaikkiruokainen opportunisti. Vastasyntyneet poikaset käyttävät ravinnokseen eläinplanktonia ja hyttysentoukkia ja täysikasvuiset yksilöt muita kaloja ja selkärangattomia.[3][4] Yleensä ne saalistavat parvissa yöaikaan, jolloin ne saattavat loiskia äänekkäästi lähellä vedenpintaa.[3]
Juovabassi on maukas ruokakala, jota jo Plymouthin siirtokunnan varhaiset asukkaat kalastivat verkoilla kesäisin.[3] Nykyään sitä kasvatetaan viljelylaitoksissa ja kalastetaan luonnosta lähinnä virkistysmielessä.[4]
Juovabassi (Morone saxatilis) on Pohjois-Amerikan itä- ja etelärannikolla elävä suurikokoinen ahvenkala, joka on suosittu urheilukalastuksen kohde. Täysikasvuinen yksilö on keskimäärin 120 senttimetriä pitkä ja painaa jopa 45 kilogrammaa. Lajin nimi tulee kylkien tummista juovista. Juovabassia tavataan Meksikonlahden pohjoisosissa ja Atlantin länsireunalla. Se on pohjakala ja vaeltaa kesäisin jokiin kutemaan. Juovabassi on ravintoketjun huipulla ja käyttää täysikasvuisena ravinnokseen muita kaloja ja selkärangattomia.
Morone saxatilis
Le bar rayé ou bar d'Amérique (Morone saxatilis) est une espèce de poissons anadromes de la famille des Moronidés. Cette espèce est représentée typiquement sur les estuaires de la côte Est nord-américaine. Les adultes migrent au printemps des eaux côtières salées vers l'eau douce pour se reproduire.
Le bar rayé possède un corps allongé et comprimé latéralement. Il est doté de deux nageoires dorsales séparées, dont la première est épineuse. Il est aussi caractérisé par une nageoire caudale fourchue et une anale pourvue de trois épines. Les nageoires pelviennes sont en position thoracique. Son dos est de couleur vert olive ou noir avec des flancs pâles ou argentés et son ventre est blanc. Il est aussi doté de sept ou huit bandes horizontales foncées sur les flancs, épousant le contour des rangées d'écailles. Sa taille moyenne adulte est située entre 60 et 100 cm.
La fraie se produit typiquement vers la mi-mai en amont du front salin. Les mâles, plus nombreux que les femelles, se rendent en premier sur les sites de fraie. Lors de la reproduction, les femelles, entourées par les mâles, libèrent les œufs qui seront fécondés par la semence des mâles. Les œufs sont semi-pélagiques et mesurent entre 1,3 mm et 3,8 mm. L'incubation dure au minimum deux jours pour une température de l'eau en surface de 18 °C.
Par la suite, l'alevin se nourrit pendant environ 5 à 7 jours de son sac vitellin.
Au Canada et plus particulièrement dans les provinces maritimes (Québec, Nouveau-Brunswick et Nouvelle-Écosse) la pêche fut interdite entre 1996 et 2012. Depuis 2013, il est désormais possible de pêcher ce poisson du 15 juin au 31 octobre et le nombre de prises maximales est de 3 par pêcheur par jour[1],[2].
Ce taxon admet de nombreux synonymes:
Morone saxatilis
Le bar rayé ou bar d'Amérique (Morone saxatilis) est une espèce de poissons anadromes de la famille des Moronidés. Cette espèce est représentée typiquement sur les estuaires de la côte Est nord-américaine. Les adultes migrent au printemps des eaux côtières salées vers l'eau douce pour se reproduire.
Morone saxatilis (Walbaum, 1792), comunemente noto come persico spigola[2], è un pesce osseo marino e d'acqua dolce della famiglia dei Moronidae.
Questa specie è diffusa nelle acque marine costiere dell'Oceano Atlantico occidentale tra il Canada meridionale e la Florida settentrionale nonché nel nord del Golfo del Messico e nel tratto inferiore dei fiumi che sfociano in queste acque[3]. È stato introdotto in svariati paesi tra cui Russia e Turchia e in diversi stati degli USA di cui non è originario[4]. In Italia è stato introdotto l'ibrido fertile tra questa specie e Morone chrysops[5], anche detto palmetto. Predilige una temperatura tra gli 8 °C ed i 25 °C. In mare vive in zone costiere riparate ed, essendo anadromo penetra nei fiumi in primavera per la riproduzione. Esistono anche alcune popolazioni landlocked ovvero che trascorrono tutta la vita in acque dolci[3].
Questo pesce ha aspetto generale simile a quello della spigola europea ma ha corpo nettamente più alto: l'altezza del corpo è compresa tra 3,4 e 4,2 volte nella lunghezza totale; il corpo è piuttosto compresso lateralmente. Ha due pinne dorsali separate, la prima con 9 - 11 spine, la seconda con una spina e 10 - 13 raggi molli. La pinna caudale è omocerca e biloba[6][5].
La colorazione di fondo è argentea ma sui fianchi sono presenti alcune striature scure ben distinte, irregolari come numero e spesso con interruzioni e sfasamenti. Queste linee partono dall'opercolo branchiale e arrivano fino al peduncolo caudale[5].
Ha una lunghezza massima di 200 cm (media 120 cm). Il peso massimo noto è di 57 kg[3].
La durata massima di vita di è di 30 anni[3].
È un animale a dieta non specializzata, che si può facilmente adattare alle prede presenti nel suo habitat. Le larve sono zooplanctofaghe, i giovanili si cibano di invertebrati acquatici e gli adulti sono prevalentemente piscivori ma possono cacciare anche crostacei, cefalopodi e altri invertebrati[3].
Smette di alimentarsi appena prima della riproduzione, che avviene in acque dolci[3]. Ogni femmina può deporre fino a tre milioni di uova che sono pelagiche così come le larve che si schiudono entro tre giorni dalla deposizione[5].
Questa specie ha notevole importanza per la pesca commerciale e sportiva nei territori d'origine. Viene catturata con lenze di vario tipo, reti da posta e nasse. È anche oggetto di piscicoltura[1].
Questa specie ha popolazioni generalmente in buono stato e non è considerata minacciata. Le popolazioni della baia di Chesapeake, del fiume Hudson e della baia di Albemarle hanno mostrato forti riduzioni numeriche a causa della sovrapesca ma limiti più stringenti alla cattura e la liberazione di avannotti di allevamento ha risolto il problema. Anche la popolazione (introdotta) dell'estuario del fiume Sacramento in California è in forte declino fin dagli sessanta del XX secolo a causa del forte inquinamento idrico[1].
Morone saxatilis (Walbaum, 1792), comunemente noto come persico spigola, è un pesce osseo marino e d'acqua dolce della famiglia dei Moronidae.
De gestreepte zeebaars (Morone saxatilis - syn. Pomatomus squid, rotsbaars, groenkop, in Amerika: striper, squidhound) is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van Moronidae en behoort derhalve tot de orde van baarsachtigen (Perciformes). De vis kan een lengte bereiken van 200 cm. Een van de meest gevangen en gegeten vissen met een gewicht van soms 56 kilo. De hoogst geregistreerde leeftijd is 30 jaar.
Deze baars komt zowel in zoet als zout water voor. Ook in brak water is de soort waargenomen. De vis prefereert een gematigd klimaat en leeft hoofdzakelijk in de Atlantische Oceaan. De diepteverspreiding is 0 tot 30 m onder het wateroppervlak.
De gestreepte zeebaars is voor de visserij van beperkt commercieel belang. In de hengelsport wordt er weinig op de vis gejaagd.
Mediabestanden die bij dit onderwerp horen, zijn te vinden op de pagina Morone saxatilis op Wikimedia Commons. De gestreepte zeebaars (Morone saxatilis - syn. Pomatomus squid, rotsbaars, groenkop, in Amerika: striper, squidhound) is een straalvinnige vis uit de familie van Moronidae en behoort derhalve tot de orde van baarsachtigen (Perciformes). De vis kan een lengte bereiken van 200 cm. Een van de meest gevangen en gegeten vissen met een gewicht van soms 56 kilo. De hoogst geregistreerde leeftijd is 30 jaar.
Stripet havabbor (Morone saxatilis) er en fiskeart.
Den har en langstrakt, sølvfarget kropp med to små ryggfinner. Langs kroppsidene er det sju–åtte smale, mørke striper. Vanlig lengde er opptil 120 cm. Maksimal lengde er 200 cm, og maksimal vekt er 57 kg.
Arten er naturlig utbredt langs Nord-Amerikas atlanterhavskyst fra St. Lawrence i Canada til St. Johns i Florida, samt i den nordlige delen av Mexicogolfen fra Florida til Louisiana. Den lever i kystfarvann, men går ofte opp i elver for å gyte. Det finnes også stasjonære bestander i ferskvann.
Stripet havabbor er en populær sportsfisk, og det blir også drevet oppdrett av arten. Den er derfor blitt satt ut i mange nye områder. Den er blitt vanlig langs Nord-Amerikas stillehavskyst fra Britisk Columbia til Baja California. Arten er også blitt satt ut i Europa, men har ikke klart å etablere seg i denne verdensdelen.
Stripet havabbor (Morone saxatilis) er en fiskeart.
Den har en langstrakt, sølvfarget kropp med to små ryggfinner. Langs kroppsidene er det sju–åtte smale, mørke striper. Vanlig lengde er opptil 120 cm. Maksimal lengde er 200 cm, og maksimal vekt er 57 kg.
Arten er naturlig utbredt langs Nord-Amerikas atlanterhavskyst fra St. Lawrence i Canada til St. Johns i Florida, samt i den nordlige delen av Mexicogolfen fra Florida til Louisiana. Den lever i kystfarvann, men går ofte opp i elver for å gyte. Det finnes også stasjonære bestander i ferskvann.
Stripet havabbor er en populær sportsfisk, og det blir også drevet oppdrett av arten. Den er derfor blitt satt ut i mange nye områder. Den er blitt vanlig langs Nord-Amerikas stillehavskyst fra Britisk Columbia til Baja California. Arten er også blitt satt ut i Europa, men har ikke klart å etablere seg i denne verdensdelen.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Skalnik prążkowany[2], rokus[3], skalnik[3] (Morone saxatilis) – gatunek ryby okoniokształtnej z rodziny moronowatych (Moronidae).
Wody słodkie i słone Ameryki Północnej. Gatunek rodzimy dla wybrzeża atlantyckiego Ameryki Północnej od rzeki św. Wawrzyńca aż do wybrzeża Luizjany w Zatoce Meksykańskiej. Jest gatunkiem anadromicznym, tzn. żyjącym zarówno w wodach słonych jak i słodkich i migrującym pomiędzy tymi wodami.
Skalnik prążkowany został sztucznie wprowadzony na wybrzeże północnoamerykańskie wybrzeża Pacyfiku i do wielu rzek i jezior wewnątrz Ameryki Północnej[3].
Skalnik prążkowany ma budowę ciała typową dla moronowatych: pokryte srebrną łuską wydłużone ciało, naznaczone ciemnymi podłużnymi pręgami biegnącymi od skrzeli do ogona. Długość ciała osiąga 200 cm, masa dochodzi do 57 kg; typowa długość ciała dojrzałego skalnika prążkowanego to ok. 120 cm. Maksymalny odnotowany wiek osobników tego gatunku wynosi 30 lat[4].
Jako gatunek anadromiczny odbywa tarło w wodach słodkich, a większość życia spędza naturalnie w wodach morskich. Jednak gdy brak jest możliwości migracji, z powodzeniem adoptuje się do środowiska wody słodkiej.
Skalnik prążkowany, rokus, skalnik (Morone saxatilis) – gatunek ryby okoniokształtnej z rodziny moronowatych (Moronidae).
O robalo riscado (Morone saxatilis) é um peixe anádromo encontrado ao longo da Costa Atlântica da América do Norte, do norte da Flórida ao estuário do Rio São Lourenço. Ele foi introduzido com sucesso em vários lagos e represas no interior do continente, bem como na Costa do Pacífico, onde atualmente pode ser encontrado do México à Colúmbia Britânica. Os espécimes da Costa Atlântica, que têm como origem a Baía de Chesapeake, o Rio Delaware e o Rio Hudson, fazem migrações costeiras sazonais da Carolina do Norte à Nova Escócia, enquanto que os espécimes oriundos, respectivamente, de águas ao sul ou norte destes limites permanecem nos seus rios ou estuários natais.
A pesca esportiva dos espécimes costeiros migratórios ocorre durante o ano inteiro, sendo que o pico desta atividade se dá durante as migrações de primavera e outono. A pesca comercial é realizada sazonalmente, especialmente com anzóis e redes.
O robalo riscado atinge um comprimento de 150 cm e um peso de 25 a 35 kg. A sua idade máxima chega a mais de 25 anos e a maturidade sexual é atingida entre dois e quatro anos de idade, para os machos, e entre cinco e oito anos, para as fêmeas. A desova dos espécimes migratórios ocorre de abril a junho, quando o peixe entra em habitats de água doce ou turva. A temperatura da água durante a desova pode variar de 10°C a 23°C; o ápice da atividade de desova é observado entre 15°C e 20°C. Após a desova, a maior parte das fêmeas de grande porte deixa os estuários e faz migrações costeiras. Os machos também deixam os locais de desova, mas permanecem nos estuários durante o ano inteiro. O robalo riscado é onívoro, alimentando-se de várias espécies de invertebrados e peixes, especialmente da família clupeidae como o menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) e a savelha (Alosa fallax).
O robalo riscado (Morone saxatilis) é um peixe anádromo encontrado ao longo da Costa Atlântica da América do Norte, do norte da Flórida ao estuário do Rio São Lourenço. Ele foi introduzido com sucesso em vários lagos e represas no interior do continente, bem como na Costa do Pacífico, onde atualmente pode ser encontrado do México à Colúmbia Britânica. Os espécimes da Costa Atlântica, que têm como origem a Baía de Chesapeake, o Rio Delaware e o Rio Hudson, fazem migrações costeiras sazonais da Carolina do Norte à Nova Escócia, enquanto que os espécimes oriundos, respectivamente, de águas ao sul ou norte destes limites permanecem nos seus rios ou estuários natais.
A pesca esportiva dos espécimes costeiros migratórios ocorre durante o ano inteiro, sendo que o pico desta atividade se dá durante as migrações de primavera e outono. A pesca comercial é realizada sazonalmente, especialmente com anzóis e redes.
O robalo riscado atinge um comprimento de 150 cm e um peso de 25 a 35 kg. A sua idade máxima chega a mais de 25 anos e a maturidade sexual é atingida entre dois e quatro anos de idade, para os machos, e entre cinco e oito anos, para as fêmeas. A desova dos espécimes migratórios ocorre de abril a junho, quando o peixe entra em habitats de água doce ou turva. A temperatura da água durante a desova pode variar de 10°C a 23°C; o ápice da atividade de desova é observado entre 15°C e 20°C. Após a desova, a maior parte das fêmeas de grande porte deixa os estuários e faz migrações costeiras. Os machos também deixam os locais de desova, mas permanecem nos estuários durante o ano inteiro. O robalo riscado é onívoro, alimentando-se de várias espécies de invertebrados e peixes, especialmente da família clupeidae como o menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) e a savelha (Alosa fallax).
Morone saxatilis (Morona Pruhovaná[1]) je ryba z radu ostriežotvaré. Vyskytuje sa v povodí riek Minas a Gaspereau v Novom Škótsku v Kanade a rieky Miramachi v New Brunswicku v Kanade.
Morone saxatilis je typický člen čeľade Moronidae; čo sa týka tvaru, má podlhovastý, striebristý trup s pozdĺžnymi tmavými pásmi, ktoré vedú od žiabier ku koreňu chvosta. Maximálna nameraná hmotnosť je 57 kg. Bežná veľkosť v dospelosti je 120 cm. Zvyčajne sa dožívajú až 30 rokov. Maximálna dĺžka je 1,8 metra. Priemerná veľkosť je približne 67-100 cm a 4,5-14,5 kg.
Commons ponúka multimediálne súbory na tému Morone saxatilis
Wikidruhy ponúkajú informácie na tému Morone saxatilis
Tento článok je čiastočný alebo úplný preklad článku Striped bass na anglickej Wikipédii.
Morone saxatilis (Morona Pruhovaná) je ryba z radu ostriežotvaré. Vyskytuje sa v povodí riek Minas a Gaspereau v Novom Škótsku v Kanade a rieky Miramachi v New Brunswicku v Kanade.
Strimmig havsabborre[2] (Morone saxatilis) är en art i familjen egentliga havsabborrfiskar vars ursprungsområde är Nordamerika.
Strimmig havsabborre är en avlång fisk med något från sidorna sammantryckt kropp. De två ryggfenorna har totalt 9 till 14 (vanligtvis 11 till 13) mjukstrålar och 8 till 12 (vanligen 10 till 11) taggstrålar. Analfenan har mellan 11 och 13 mjukstrålar och 3 taggstrålar (vissa ungfiskar har bara 2). Kroppens övre del är grönaktig till blåaktig, medan buken är vit.[3] Längs sidorna har den 7 till 8 mörka strimmor.[4] Som mest kan den bli 200 cm lång och väga 57 kg, men blir sällan mycket större än 120 cm.[5]
Arten är främst en kustnära saltvattensfisk, men går långt upp i floder i samband med fortplantningen, och har framgångsrikt införts i sjöar och liknande sötvatten. Ungfiskarna föredrar sand- och klippbottnar, medan de vuxna individerna förekommer i många, varierande habitat. Dessa är också känsliga för höga temperaturer, och undviker vatten varmare än 22 °C (medan ungfiskarna accepterar temperaturer upp till 29 °C); under sommaren drar sig de vuxna fiskarna ut mot djupare, kyligare vatten.[3]
Den strimmiga havsabborren kan bli upp till 30 år gammal.[5]
Födan består främst av olika fiskar, men den tar även kräftdjur som krabbor och märlkräftor, samt bläckfiskar och maskar.[5]
Hanarna blir i regel könsmogna omkring 2 års ålder, medan honorna blir det vid 3 till 4 år.[4]
Artens ursprungsområde är kustvattnen utanför USA:s öst- och sydkust samt angränsande floder, men den förekommer nu i stora delar av USA inklusive Hawaii.[6] Den har även framgångsrikt införts till British Columbia, Mexiko, Ecuador, Ryssland, Turkiet, Iran, Sydafrika och troligen Argentina.[7]
Strimmig havsabborre (Morone saxatilis) är en art i familjen egentliga havsabborrfiskar vars ursprungsområde är Nordamerika.
Окунь смугастий на малюнку
Щойнозловнена риба «Окунь смугастий»
Окунь смугастий на малюнку
Щойнозловнена риба «Окунь смугастий»
Cá vược sọc (Danh pháp khoa học: Morone saxatilis) hay còn được gọi là cá hanh xanh[1] hay còn gọi bằng tên tiếng Anh là Striper là một loài cá vược trong họ Moronidae. Chúng là loài cá rất thông dụng trong môn câu cá giải trí.
Cá vược sọc có nguồn gốc ở bờ biển Đại Tây Dương của Bắc Mỹ từ sông St Lawrence vào Vịnh Mexico đến Louisiana. Chúng là loài cá đặc trưng của tiểu bang Maryland, Rhode Island và Nam Carolina và loài cá biển của New York, New Jersey, Virginia, và New Hampshire.
Chúng cũng được tìm thấy ở lưu vực sông Minas, sông Gaspereau, và eo biển Northumberland ở Nova Scotia, Canada, và sông Miramichi và Saint John River ở New Brunswick, Canada[2]. Cá vược sọc đã được du nhập đến bờ biển Thái Bình Dương của Bắc Mỹ cho các mục đích của câu cá giải trí và là một động vật ăn thịt để kiểm soát quần thể cá bẹ Mỹ.
Cơ thể chúng có một sự sắp xếp hợp lý, cơ thể bạc đánh dấu với các sọc đen chạy dọc từ phía sau mang đến gốc đuôi. Các khoa học ghi nhận tối đa trọng lượng là 57 kg (126 lb). Kích thước thông thường trưởng thành là 120 cm (3,9 ft). Chúng được cho là sống đến 30 năm. Chiều dài tối đa là 1,8 m (5,9 ft). Kích thước trung bình là khoảng 67–100 cm (2,20-3,28 ft) và 4,5-14,5 kg (9,9-32,0 lb). Chúng là những con cá bơi ngược sông di cư giữa nước ngọt và nước mặn. Đẻ trứng diễn ra ở nước ngọt.
Cá vược sọc có giá trị đáng kể cho câu cá thể thao, và đã được du nhập với nhiều tuyến đường thủy bên ngoài phạm vi tự nhiên của chúng. Một loạt các phương pháp câu cá được sử dụng, cá này sẽ mất một số lượng mồi tươi sống, bao gồm hàu, nghêu, cá chình, sâu cát, cá trích, trùn đất, cá thu. Con cá sọc lớn nhất từng được chụp bởi câu cá là một con năng 81,88-lb (37.14 kg) mẫu vật lấy từ một chiếc thuyền ở Long Island Sound, gần Outer Southwest Reef, ngoài khơi bờ biển của Westbrook, Connecticut[3].
Cá vược sọc có thịt màu trắng với một hương vị nhẹ và một kết cấu vừa phải. Nó linh hoạt ở chỗ nó có thể được nấu chín bằng cách sử dụng nhiều phương pháp, trong đó có nướng, hấp, luộc, nướng, đút lò, chiên (bao gồm cả bột chiên)[4]. Các xác thịt cũng có thể được ăn tái hoặc ngâm. Cá vược sọc có thịt chắc và thơm với một mảnh lớn. Cá được dễ dàng nướng phi lê, và do đó được phổ biến. Loại cá này ăn rất ngon khi nướng trui, cuốn bánh tráng mỏng ăn với rau thơm, dứa ngọt, chuối chát, đồ chua (cà rốt và củ cải) rồi chấm mắm nêm giống như món cá lóc nướng trui ở Việt Nam[1].
Cá vược sọc (Danh pháp khoa học: Morone saxatilis) hay còn được gọi là cá hanh xanh hay còn gọi bằng tên tiếng Anh là Striper là một loài cá vược trong họ Moronidae. Chúng là loài cá rất thông dụng trong môn câu cá giải trí.
Morone saxatilis (Walbaum, 1792)
Ареал
Полосатый лавра́к[1], или полосатый окунь[1] (лат. Morone saxatilis) — вид лучепёрых рыб из семейства мороновых. Распространён в Атлантическом океане у побережья Северной Америки от устья реки Святого Лаврентия до Луизианы. Фигурирует в Списке рыб Каспийского моря.
Полосатый лаврак имеет удлинённое тело серебристого цвета с характерными тёмными продольными полосами от задней части жабр до основания хвоста. Максимальная длина составляет 200 см, самый крупный зарегистрированный экземпляр весил 57 кг. Большинство взрослых рыб достигают около 120 см в длину. Предполагается, что рыбы живут около 30 лет. Анадромы, нерестятся в пресной воде[2].
Это заготовка статьи по ихтиологии. Вы можете помочь проекту, дополнив её. Полосатый лавра́к, или полосатый окунь (лат. Morone saxatilis) — вид лучепёрых рыб из семейства мороновых. Распространён в Атлантическом океане у побережья Северной Америки от устья реки Святого Лаврентия до Луизианы. Фигурирует в Списке рыб Каспийского моря.
Полосатый лаврак имеет удлинённое тело серебристого цвета с характерными тёмными продольными полосами от задней части жабр до основания хвоста. Максимальная длина составляет 200 см, самый крупный зарегистрированный экземпляр весил 57 кг. Большинство взрослых рыб достигают около 120 см в длину. Предполагается, что рыбы живут около 30 лет. Анадромы, нерестятся в пресной воде.
銀花鱸魚 （学名：Morone saxatilis），大陆又称条纹鲈，原產於大西洋，是馬里蘭州、羅德島州、南卡羅萊納州、以及紐約州的州代表魚。今日它已經被引進太平洋海域。
銀花鱸魚的英語俗稱為「Striped Bass」或簡稱「Striper」。
本魚體側扁而延長，口大而斜裂，吻端位，下頷稍長於上頷，上下頷、鋤骨皆有許多細小的齒，背鰭2個，第一背鰭硬棘9枚，第二背鰭硬棘1枚，軟條12-14枚，臀鰭軟條9-11枚。體背部暗綠色，體背側灰白色，腹側及腹部為銀白色，體側胸鰭以下有7-8條暗色條紋，從魚鰓延伸至尾部，體長可達2公尺。最大紀錄的銀花鱸魚長達6.6英呎（200厘米），最重的紀錄則是125鎊（57公斤）。銀花鱸魚的壽命估計為30年。
銀花鱸魚生活在海洋鹹水內，但是會進入淡水產卵。它們是夜出動物，在晚上特別活躍；在它們的棲息地附近，寧靜的深夜經常傳來拍擊水面的聲響。屬肉食性魚類，以小魚及甲殼類等為食，繁殖期在秋冬季。
銀花鱸魚原產於北美洲的大西洋海域，從加拿大聖勞倫斯河到路易斯安那州都有他們的蹤跡。
布什總統於2007年10月20日簽署行政命令指定銀花鱸魚為「受保護的休閒魚種」，在聯邦水域內捕獲的銀花鱸魚不得被商業出售。
銀花鱸魚因體型大，肉質細，使它受到釣魚人的歡迎，也因此被引進美國許多水域，包括水庫、河流、以及太平洋。作為釣魚人追求的目標，銀花鱸魚有巨大的經濟價值。釣取方法包括漁船拖釣、磯釣、以及灘釣。有效的誘餌包括活小魚、紅蟲、草蝦。
為重要的食用魚及養殖魚類，適合各種烹飪方式食用。
保全状況評価[1] LEAST CONCERN
分類 界 : 動物界 Animalia 門 : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata 綱 : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii 目 : スズキ目 Perciformes 科 : モロネ科 Moronidae 属 : モロネ属 Morone 種 : ストライプドバス M. saxatilis 学名 Morone saxatilisストライプドバス Morone saxatilis はモロネ科に分類される魚。別名ストライパーまたは、シマスズキ（縞鱸）。河川から海岸近くに生息する大型の肉食魚で、釣りの対象魚として人気がある。ストライプトバスとも書かれる。「バス」と付くが、ブラックバスとは科が異なり、近縁種ではない。
全長は最大で2m。体は紡錘形に近い。体色は背中側が暗色で、体側から腹部にかけて銀白色をしている。体側には数本の縦縞がある。鱗の手触りがシーバスに似ているといわれる。
北米の大西洋岸に分布する[2]。大型の個体は餌と適水温を求めて夏季にはメイン州沿岸、そして冬季にはノースカロライナ州沿岸へと比較的規則的な回遊を行うが、群れから外れた行動を取る個体も珍しくない。肉食性で、小魚や甲殻類等を捕食する。夜になると水面近くで活発に餌となる小魚を捕食する姿が見られる。
産卵期は春で、大型河川下流の淡水域へ遡上し産卵を行う。仔稚魚は河口域で成育し、その後河川内淡水域から沿岸海域まで広く生息する。
淡水域への適応性は高く、人造湖に陸封された個体群もみられる。アメリカ各地では湖への放流も盛んである。 近年では北米太平洋岸にも放流され、定着している。
なお、日本では2006年2月に特定外来生物に指定されている。
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この項目は、魚類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（Portal:生き物と自然/プロジェクト:生物）。 ストライプドバス Morone saxatilis はモロネ科に分類される魚。別名ストライパーまたは、シマスズキ（縞鱸）。河川から海岸近くに生息する大型の肉食魚で、釣りの対象魚として人気がある。ストライプトバスとも書かれる。「バス」と付くが、ブラックバスとは科が異なり、近縁種ではない。
