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Die Seitenfleckleguane (Uta) sind eine Gattung der zu den Leguanartigen gehörenden Phrynosomatidae, die vor allem die sandig-felsigen Trockengebiete Nordamerikas besiedeln.
Die Erstbeschreibung der Seitenfleckleguane erfolgte 1862 durch die Zoologen Baird und Gerard in den Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, die als Typusart und zugleich erste Art der Gattung Uta den Gemeinen Seitenfleckleguan (Uta stansburiana) beschrieben. Die Benennung der Gattung Uta erfolgte nach dem Bundesstaat Utah, in der das Tier entdeckt wurde.
Die Gattung umfasst aktuell 8 Arten:[1] (Stand: Februar 2016)
Dieser Artikel wurde aufgrund von formalen oder inhaltlichen Mängeln in der Qualitätssicherung Biologie zur Verbesserung eingetragen. Dies geschieht, um die Qualität der Biologie-Artikel auf ein akzeptables Niveau zu bringen. Bitte hilf mit, diesen Artikel zu verbessern! Artikel, die nicht signifikant verbessert werden, können gegebenenfalls gelöscht werden.
Lies dazu auch die näheren Informationen in den Mindestanforderungen an Biologie-Artikel.
Die Seitenfleckleguane (Uta) sind eine Gattung der zu den Leguanartigen gehörenden Phrynosomatidae, die vor allem die sandig-felsigen Trockengebiete Nordamerikas besiedeln.
Side-blotched lizards are lizards of the genus Uta. They are some of the most abundant and commonly observed lizards in the deserts of western North America, known for cycling between three colorized breeding patterns[1] and is best described in the common side-blotched lizard. They commonly grow to 6 inches including the tail, with the males normally being the larger sex. Males often have bright throat colors.
These lizards are prey for many desert species. Snakes, larger lizards, and birds all make formidable predators to side-blotched lizards. Larger lizard species, such as collared, leopard, and spiny lizards, and roadrunners are the main predators. In turn, the side-blotched lizards eat arthropods, such as insects, spiders, and occasionally scorpions.
As a result of their high predation rate, these lizards are very prolific breeders. From April to June, they breed, with the young emerging as early as late May. These inch-long young appear all through the summer, and into September.
The diploid chromosome number in most if not all species is 34, consisting of 12 macro- and 22 microchromosomes.[2]
Side-blotched lizards are notable for having the highest number of distinct male and female morphs within a species: three male and two female. They show a diversity of behaviors associated with reproduction, which are often referred to as "alternative reproductive tactics".[3]
Orange-throated males are "ultra-dominant, high testosterone", that establish large territories and control areas that contain multiple females. Yellow stripe-throated males ("sneakers") do not defend a territory, but cluster on the fringes of orange-throated lizard territories, and mate with the females on those territories while the orange-throat is absent, as the territory to defend is large. Blue-throated males are less aggressive and guard only one female; they can fend off the yellow stripe-throated males, but cannot withstand attacks by orange-throated males.
Orange-throated females lay many small eggs and are very territorial. Yellow-throated females lay fewer, larger eggs, and are more tolerant of each other.[4]
This is called the rock paper scissors effect,[5] borrowed from the name of the playground game, because the outcome of the mating success shows that one morph of the lizard takes advantage over another but not over the third.[6]
The orange and blue-throated males can sometimes be seen approaching a human "intruder". One speculation is that he could be giving the female(s) a chance to escape, but whether he is defending the female has not been documented. Another speculation is that he is highly motivated to engage whenever he sees movement on his territory, which he may be interpreting as a possible intruding male, or another female.
The systematics and phylogeny of the side-blotched lizards is very confusing, with many local forms and morphs having been described as full species.[7] Following the 1997 review of Upton and Murphy, which included new data from mtDNA cytochrome b and ATPase 6 sequences, the following species can be recognized pending further research:
It is also important to note that the side-blotched lizard is different from the common side-blotched lizard.
Side-blotched lizards are lizards of the genus Uta. They are some of the most abundant and commonly observed lizards in the deserts of western North America, known for cycling between three colorized breeding patterns and is best described in the common side-blotched lizard. They commonly grow to 6 inches including the tail, with the males normally being the larger sex. Males often have bright throat colors.
These lizards are prey for many desert species. Snakes, larger lizards, and birds all make formidable predators to side-blotched lizards. Larger lizard species, such as collared, leopard, and spiny lizards, and roadrunners are the main predators. In turn, the side-blotched lizards eat arthropods, such as insects, spiders, and occasionally scorpions.
As a result of their high predation rate, these lizards are very prolific breeders. From April to June, they breed, with the young emerging as early as late May. These inch-long young appear all through the summer, and into September.
The diploid chromosome number in most if not all species is 34, consisting of 12 macro- and 22 microchromosomes.
Uta es un género de reptiles de la familia Phrynosomatidae. Sus especies se distribuyen por los desiertos del oeste de América del Norte. Se les llama lagartijas de costado manchado. Se alimentan casi exclusivamente de artrópodos.
Su tamaño varía desde 7 hasta a 50 cm. Excepto en la garganta, su color suele ser gris, pardo u oliváceo, con rayas transversales.[1]
Los utas tienen un comportamiento reproductivo complejo, que incluye diversos grados de territorialidad, tanto entre los machos como entre las hembras. Su particularidad estriba en que coeexisten dos estrategias, la de defensa del territorio, las parejas y la puesta ante las intrusiones de otros utas, con la de permisividad. Habitualmente, cada especie exhibe ya sea uno u otro comportamiento. Se ha estudiado en Uta stansburiana, que se diferencia en cinco polimorfismos sexuales, tres machos y dos hembras, con los siguientes comportamientos:
Listadas alfabéticamente:[3]
Uta es un género de reptiles de la familia Phrynosomatidae. Sus especies se distribuyen por los desiertos del oeste de América del Norte. Se les llama lagartijas de costado manchado. Se alimentan casi exclusivamente de artrópodos.
Uta Phrynosomatidae familiaren barruan sailkatutako narrasti genero bat da. Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako mendebaldean eta Mexikon aurki daitezke.
Uta Phrynosomatidae familiaren barruan sailkatutako narrasti genero bat da. Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako mendebaldean eta Mexikon aurki daitezke.
Uta est un genre de sauriens de la famille des Phrynosomatidae[1].
Les espèces de ce genre se rencontrent au Mexique et dans l'ouest des États-Unis[1].
Ces lézards atteignent environ 15 cm, les mâles étant un peu plus grands. Les mâles présentent souvent des couleurs vives au niveau de la gorge.
Ils consomment divers arthropodes, et sont eux-mêmes la proie des oiseaux, des grands lézards et des serpents.
Ils sont prolifiques et se reproduisent d'avril à juin, les petits naissants dès fin mai, jusqu'en septembre.
Selon Reptarium Reptile Database (11 août 2013)[2] :
Le nom générique Uta fait référence à l'État américain, l'Utah, où Uta stansburiana a été capturé pour étude la première fois, dans la vallée du Grand Lac Salé en Utah, en 1852.
Uta est un genre de sauriens de la famille des Phrynosomatidae.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Uta – rodzaj jaszczurki z podrodziny frynosomowatych (Phrynosomatidae).
Rodzaj obejmuje gatunki występujące w Stanach Zjednoczonych i Meksyku[3].
Uta: Utah, stan w Stanach Zjednoczonych; tam odłowiono holotyp[4].
Do rodzaju należą następujące gatunki[3]:
Uta – rodzaj jaszczurki z podrodziny frynosomowatych (Phrynosomatidae).
Uta[1] este un gen de șopârle din familia Phrynosomatidae.[1]
Cladograma conform Catalogue of Life[1]:
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