Broad-tailed hummingbirds are sexually dimorphic. Males have a metallic iridescent-rose colored gorget, green colored sides and back with some rufous color in the tail. The females are less colorful, lacking a complete gorget, and exhibiting buffy colored sides and a green back. Females are larger than males but body mass can vary during the course of a day based on nectar intake. Juvenile males look like adult females and are difficult to distinguish. (Kaufman, 2000).
Range mass: 3 to 4 g.
Range length: 83 to 97 mm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Life expectancy is 1.6 years based on the 50% mark on a survivorship curve in males and 1.9 years in females. The highest recorded age for wild females is 12 years and 8 years in males. (Calder and Calder, 1992)
Range lifespan
Status: wild: 12 (high) years.
Typical lifespan
Status: wild: 8 to 12 years.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 1.75 years.
The breeding habitat of broad-tailed hummingbirds includes willows around wet or dry stream beds, pinion, juniper, spruce and oak woodlands. They are known to nest as high as 3,230 m. In their winter range, which overlaps with the breeding range of resident populations in Mexico, broad-tailed hummingbirds use thorn and oak forests at lower elevations, and mixed oak-pine and cypress as well as fir forests at higher elevations. Because of the year-round availability of hummingbird feeders in some areas, some individuals have taken up residence in urban and suburban areas of southwestern United States (Calder and Calder, 1992).
Range elevation: 1,000 to 4,000 m.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; tropical ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; scrub forest ; mountains
Other Habitat Features: urban ; suburban ; riparian
Selasphorus platycercus is a migratory species with some resident populations in Mexico. Migratory populations breed in Colorado and Wyoming, while tropical resident populations breed in central Mexico. Their winter range expands from northern Guatemala to northern Mexico. Information on non-migratory populations is lacking (Calder and Calder, 1992).
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native ); neotropical (Native )
Broad-tailed hummingbirds feed on floral nectar and small insects. They usually visit flowers with red tubular corollas like the Scarlet Gilia (Ipomopsis aggregata). In the wintering grounds Broad-tailed Hummingbirds are not the dominant species and may have to forage on less preferred flowers. A study done with Ruby Throated, Rufous and Broad-tailed Hummingbirds suggested that there may be an element of observational learning involved in learning to forage on novel food resources. Insects are caught in air as well as by gleaning from foliage. There is a daily steady gain in body mass of individuals from foraging over the course of a day, with a total gain of 30 to 34% of their body mass just before flying to their roosting sites. This large foraging bout before roosting is probably needed to store energy for overnight thermoregulation.
Nectar used by hummingbirds contains large amounts of water that a hummingbird has to pass through its body either by absorbing it into the intestinal tract to be processed by the kidneys or just letting it pass through the tract without absorption. Water intoxication would be a major problem for most vertebrate species under these conditions but hummingbirds are able to excrete large amounts of dilute urine and handle large amounts of water being processed by the kidneys. They do however vary the amount of nectar taken in based on the sugar concentration of that nectar.
Nectar is taken from the following plants: Ipomopsis aggregata, Aquilegia elegantula, A. triternata, Penstemon spp., Castilleja spp., Salvia spp., Echinocereus grandiflorum, Mertensia oblongiforum, Delphinuim nelsoni, Ribes ciliatum, Cestrum terminale, Buddleia dara and Senecio angulifolius.
(Calder and Calder, 1992; Calder, 1994; McWhorter and Martinez del Rio, 1999; Altshuler and Nunn, 2001)
Animal Foods: insects
Plant Foods: nectar
Primary Diet: omnivore
Broad-tailed hummingbirds are important pollinators of the plant species they forage on. (Calder and Calder, 1992).
Ecosystem Impact: pollinates
Hummingbirds, especially in areas where feeders are present, can be popular attractions for tourists to want to visit. Broad-tailed hummingbirds can be incorporated into ecotourism in areas where they are prevalent.
Positive Impacts: ecotourism
Increased use of feeders help to sustain populations in times of resource scarcity (Calder and Calder, 1992).
US Migratory Bird Act: protected
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Broad-tailed hummingbirds have a promiscuous mating system in which male and female only interact for copulation. Males may mate with as many as six females in a season. (Calder and Calder, 1992)
Males court females by doing a series of diving displays. A lek display of three males has been observed, but it could have been a misinterpreted territorial stand. After the copulation, the female may stay and preen for a few minutes before flying away. Nests are built by the female alone. Nests take a hemisphere shape with a depression on top. Their inner diameter is 1.9 cm. Eggs are laid in clutches of two. (Calder and Calder, 1992)
Breeding season: May through August
Average eggs per season: 2.
Range time to hatching: 16 to 19 days.
Average fledging age: 25 days.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 1 years.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 1 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization (Internal ); oviparous
Average eggs per season: 2.
Female broad-tailed hummingbirds make the nest and raise the young on their own. Ten to twelve days after hatching, females start to roost away from the nest, where there is almost not enough space for the young to huddle together. Females feed young mostly small insects through their development, and then they abandon them to start their south-bound migration (Calder and Calder, 1992).
Parental Investment: altricial ; female parental care
Selasphorus platycercus ye una especie d'ave de la familia Trochilidae. Ye un picaflor de medianu tamañu con un llargor d'aprosimao 10 cm, nativa d'América del Norte y Guatemala.[1] Nun tien subespecies reconocíes.[2]
Esta páxina forma parte del wikiproyeutu Aves, un esfuerciu collaborativu col fin d'ameyorar y organizar tolos conteníos rellacionaos con esti tema. Visita la páxina d'alderique del proyeutu pa collaborar y facer entrugues o suxerencies. Selasphorus platycercus ye una especie d'ave de la familia Trochilidae. Ye un picaflor de medianu tamañu con un llargor d'aprosimao 10 cm, nativa d'América del Norte y Guatemala. Nun tien subespecies reconocíes.
S'ha proposat fusionar aquest article a «Selasphorus». (Vegeu la discussió, pendent de concretar). Data: 2014El colibrí cuaample[1] (Selasphorus platycercus) és un ocell de la família dels troquílids (Trochilidae) que habita boscos de pins i subtropicals i matolls, de les muntanyes occidentals dels Estats Units i Mèxic, des d'Idaho, Utah i Wyoming, cap al sud, fins a Chiapas i Guatemala.
El colibrí cuaample (Selasphorus platycercus) és un ocell de la família dels troquílids (Trochilidae) que habita boscos de pins i subtropicals i matolls, de les muntanyes occidentals dels Estats Units i Mèxic, des d'Idaho, Utah i Wyoming, cap al sud, fins a Chiapas i Guatemala.
Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Sïedn cynffonlydan (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: sïednod cynffonlydan) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Selasphorus platycercus; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Broad-tailed hummingbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Sïednod (Lladin: Trochilidae) sydd yn urdd y Apodiformes.[1]
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn S. platycercus, sef enw'r rhywogaeth.[2] Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yng Ngogledd America.
Gall fwyta neithdar o fewn blodau, ac wrth ymestyn i'w gyrraedd, mae'n rwbio'n erbyn y paill ac yn ei gario i flodyn arall gan ei ffrwythloni.
Mae'r sïedn cynffonlydan yn perthyn i deulu'r Sïednod (Lladin: Trochilidae). Dyma rai o aelodau eraill y teulu:
Rhestr Wicidata:
rhywogaeth enw tacson delwedd Seren goed torch biws Myrtis fanny Sïedn cleddbig Ensifera ensifera.jpg)
Aderyn a rhywogaeth o adar yw Sïedn cynffonlydan (sy'n enw gwrywaidd; enw lluosog: sïednod cynffonlydan) a adnabyddir hefyd gyda'i enw gwyddonol Selasphorus platycercus; yr enw Saesneg arno yw Broad-tailed hummingbird. Mae'n perthyn i deulu'r Sïednod (Lladin: Trochilidae) sydd yn urdd y Apodiformes.
Talfyrir yr enw Lladin yn aml yn S. platycercus, sef enw'r rhywogaeth. Mae'r rhywogaeth hon i'w chanfod yng Ngogledd America.
Gall fwyta neithdar o fewn blodau, ac wrth ymestyn i'w gyrraedd, mae'n rwbio'n erbyn y paill ac yn ei gario i flodyn arall gan ei ffrwythloni.
Der Breitschwanzkolibri (Selasphorus platycercus) oder Breitschwanzelfe ist eine amerikanische Vogelart, die innerhalb der Familie der Kolibris (Trochilidae) zur Gattung der Nordelfen (Selasphorus) gehört.
Charakteristisch für diese Kolibri-Art ist ein auffälliges Summen, das durch die Flügelschläge entsteht. Die Männchen unterscheiden sich von den Weibchen in der Gefiederfärbung deutlich (Sexualdimorphismus). Das Gefieder der Männchen ist im Bereich der Kehle rot bis metallisch schimmernd. Der Rücken und die Schwanzoberseite sind grünlich gefärbt. Die Weibchen sind deutlich weniger bunt. Sie besitzen eine weiße Kehle und an der Kopfunterseite eine weiße Färbung mit schwarzen Punkten. Junge Männchen ähneln in der Gefiederfärbung den Weibchen.[1]
Der Breitschwanzkolibri erreicht eine Körperlänge zwischen 83 und 97 Millimetern und wird 3 bis 4 Gramm schwer.[1] Die Flügelspannweite beträgt 12 bis 14 Zentimeter. Die Männchen sind etwas kleiner und leichter als die Weibchen.
Der Breitschwanzkolibri ernährt sich im Flug von Blütennektar und kleinen Insekten. Sie fliegen vor allem rote Blüten mit tiefer Öffnung, wie Ipomopsis aggregata, an.[1] Während der Überwinterung sind die Tiere deutlich weniger wählerisch, weil sie sonst ihren Nahrungsbedarf aufgrund des geringen Angebots nicht decken könnten.
Die Geschlechtsreife des Breitschwanzkolibris tritt mit etwa einem Jahr ein. Die Paarungszeit im Frühjahr ist der einzige Zeitpunkt, an dem beide Geschlechtspartner zusammenfinden (Promiskuität). Das Männchen begattet bis zu sechs Weibchen[1] und ist an der Aufzucht der Jungen nicht beteiligt.
Das Nest wird ausschließlich vom Weibchen gebaut, in das sie zwei Eier legt. Die Jungtiere schlüpfen nach 16 bis 19 Tagen. Zehn bis zwölf Tage danach übernachtet das Weibchen nicht mehr im Brutnest, da dieses zu klein ist. Die Jungen sind nach etwa 25 Tagen flügge.[1]
Die Brutgebiete des Breitschwanzkolibris befinden sich in Nevada, Utah, und Wyoming bis Ost-zentral-Kalifornien, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, und West-Texas. Die Tiere brüten aber auch in höher gelegenen Regionen in Mexiko und Guatemala. Zur Überwinterung ziehen die Vögel im Herbst in das Hochland von Mexiko und im Süden bis Guatemala.[2]
Der Breitschwanzkolibri lebt bevorzugt in blumenreichen Heidelandschaften des Tieflandes und Regionen mit Pinyon-Kiefern-, Wacholder-, Kiefern-, Eichen-, Zypressen- und Tannen-Vegetation in höheren Gebieten. Einige nisten in Höhen von über 3.000 Metern. Viele Vögel haben sich auch in der Nähe von Menschen angesiedelt.
William Swainson beschrieb die Breitschwanzelfe unter dem Namen Trochilus platycercus. Das Typusexemplar wurde in Mexiko von William Bullock und dessen Sohn William Bullock Jr. gesammelt.[3] Erst später wurde sie der Gattung Selasphorus zugeschlagen.
Das Wort Selasphorus leitet sich von den griechischen Worten »selas σέλας« für »Glanz, Licht, Flamme« und »-phoros, pherō πηοροσ« für »tragend, Träger« ab.[4]
Das Wort »platycercus« ist ein Wortgebilde aus den griechischen Worten »platus πλάτος« für »breit« und »kerkos κέρκος« für »Schwanz«.[5]
Der Breitschwanzkolibri (Selasphorus platycercus) oder Breitschwanzelfe ist eine amerikanische Vogelart, die innerhalb der Familie der Kolibris (Trochilidae) zur Gattung der Nordelfen (Selasphorus) gehört.
அகன்ற வால் ஓசனிச்சிட்டு (broad-tailed hummingbird; Selasphorus platycercus) என்பது கிட்டத்தட்ட 4 in (10 cm) நீளமுடைய, நடுத்தர அளவு ஓசனிச்சிட்டு ஆகும். இது "செலஸ்போரஸ்" பேரினத்தில் உள்ள ஏழு இனங்களில் ஒன்று ஆகும்.
ஆணும் பெண்ணும் வானவில் வண்ண பச்சை நிறத்தை பின் பக்கத்திலும் தலைப்பகுதியிலும் கொண்டு, வெண்மையான நெஞ்சுப் பகுதியைக் கொண்டிருக்கும். ஆண் பறவை பளபளக்கும் பிரகாசமான இளஞ்சிவப்பு நிறத்தையுடைய கழுத்து அணிகலன் அமைப்பைக் கொண்டு காணப்படும்.
அகன்ற வால் ஓசனிச்சிட்டு (broad-tailed hummingbird; Selasphorus platycercus) என்பது கிட்டத்தட்ட 4 in (10 cm) நீளமுடைய, நடுத்தர அளவு ஓசனிச்சிட்டு ஆகும். இது "செலஸ்போரஸ்" பேரினத்தில் உள்ள ஏழு இனங்களில் ஒன்று ஆகும்.
ஆணும் பெண்ணும் வானவில் வண்ண பச்சை நிறத்தை பின் பக்கத்திலும் தலைப்பகுதியிலும் கொண்டு, வெண்மையான நெஞ்சுப் பகுதியைக் கொண்டிருக்கும். ஆண் பறவை பளபளக்கும் பிரகாசமான இளஞ்சிவப்பு நிறத்தையுடைய கழுத்து அணிகலன் அமைப்பைக் கொண்டு காணப்படும்.
The broad-tailed hummingbird (Selasphorus platycercus) is a medium-sized hummingbird species found in highland regions from western United States and Western Canada to Mexico and Guatemala.[3][4]
Medium in size, the broad-tailed hummingbird is 4 inches (10 cm) in length and possesses an overall wingspan of 5.25 inches (13.3 cm). Weighing around 3.6 grams (0.13 oz), the female tends to be slightly larger than the male.[5][6] Adults of both sexes show an iridescent green back, white eye ring and a rounded black tail projecting beyond their wing tips, from which their name was inspired.[5][6]
This species shows sexual dimorphism, which means that male and female have different characteristics. The male possesses a characteristic bright rose-red gorget.[6] An identification characteristic is the white eye ring.[5] The female can be distinguished from the male by her paler coloration, cinnamon flanks, and spotted cheeks absent in the male.[5][7]
The broad-tailed hummingbird, Selasphorus platycercus, is a member of the order Apodiformes, in the family Trochilidae. Hummingbird taxonomy has not been extensively studied, but its phylogenic division can be divided as a family into nine clades in which the broad-tailed hummingbird is a member of the "Bee group" and included in the Selasphorus genus. This genus is composed of 6 members taxonomically distinguished based on color characteristics.[8][9][10] This genus is characterized by hummingbirds with a plumage containing rufous coloration and a neck gorget of orange to purple in males.[9]
Members of this genus include:[10][11]
Selasphorus sasin : Allen's hummingbird
Selasphorus rufus : Rufous hummingbird
Selasphorus scintilla : Scintillant hummingbird
Selasphorus ardens : Glow-throated hummingbird
Selasphorus flammula :Volcano hummingbird
On a geographic scale, the genus Selasphorus can be subdivided into 2 groups of species, one living in North America, and a second in the region of Costa Rica and Panama.[9]
This hummingbird is seen in the understory or under tree canopies of pine and oak woodland. It forages in open areas with flowers or in grasslands among trees and shrubs.[3][7] Its breeding habitat is mainly in subalpine meadows, foothills, montane valleys, and stands of aspen or spruce.[12][13]
The broad-tailed hummingbird is found from Guatemala to Mexico, and western United States and Western Canada during summer,[3][4][14][15] while wintering regions are mainly in southern Mexico and Guatemala.[14]
This species exhibits partial migration, depending on the northern range during winter.[14] The specific migratory route used by the broad-tailed hummingbird remains unknown, although migrating populations winter in southern Mexico or Guatemala and return to their breeding area in spring.[12][13][14] Males arrive first to the breeding range, followed by breeding females.[6][12][16] Some populations of the broad-tailed hummingbird in southern Mexico and Guatemala do not migrate, a variation in behavior called "sedentary".[14]
The broad-tailed hummingbird produces several different sound patterns. This bird's call sounds like a sharp “cheet”, which is repeated “cheet cheet cheet cheet...”.[3][7] Hummingbird wing beats have also been found to be a communication signal. These birds produce two different types of sound using their wing beat. The first one is a “wing hum” and is simply produced when the hummingbird flies. This type of wing beat has a sound that ranges from 35 to 100 Hz, and both sexes are able to produce it for communication. The second is “wing trills” produced by the male hummingbird during courtship displays.[17] The wing trill produces a buzzing sound and can be heard 50 m away by other males and 75 m away by other females.[18] This sound is produced when air passes rapidly through the 9th and 10th primary feathers.[17] In one experiment, birds without this wing trill lost their territory more easily to more aggressive birds.[18]
The diet of the broad-tailed hummingbirds consists mainly of insects and nectar of plants that are “hummingbird-flowered”.[19] These types of flower are characterized by high nectar production and red corollas with a tubular shape, such as Aquilegia elegantula.[19]
The range of breeding locations appear to be from central Montana in the north to Guatemala in the south.[4] Although broad-tailed hummingbirds have been seen in British Columbia, these birds appear to be accidental migrants, with no evidence for breeding at such northern latitudes.[4]
The broad-tailed hummingbird has a promiscuous mating system and does not form a pair bond.[13] The reproduction time for broad-tailed hummingbirds correlated with the time flower production is at its peak.[16]
Male perform an aerial display to attract females during the breeding season. Males will fly high and dive while producing a trill sound with their wing feathers.[20]
In 70% of cases, females return to their nest site from one year to the next.[12] Females build their nest alone, without the male help. The overall nest construction may take around 4 to 5 days.[6] The nest has an overall cup shape and is stuck to a tree branch with spider webs, camouflaged by the addition of an external layer of lichen, moss, and tree material.[21] Nest material can be stolen by other females for the construction of a nest.[22]
The female will lay two white eggs of around 1.2–1.5 centimetres (0.47–0.59 in) in length and incubate them alone for around 16 to 19 days.[20] Nest cup diameter increases as the chicks age.[21] Chicks are altricial at their hatch, and will take around 10 to 12 days for feathering.[6] The female will stay with the fledged young up to several weeks.[13]
This species conservation status is “Least Concern ”, indicating it is not an endangered species, having a wide range and moderate population size,[1] although one survey indicated a 52% decline in population between 1966 and 2015.[20] It appears to be adapted to human-modified habitats.[6][20]
The broad-tailed hummingbird (Selasphorus platycercus) is a medium-sized hummingbird species found in highland regions from western United States and Western Canada to Mexico and Guatemala.
El colibrí coliancho (Selasphorus platycercus) es una especie de ave de la familia Trochilidae. Es un picaflor de mediano tamaño con una longitud de aproximadamente 10 cm, nativa de América del Norte y Guatemala.[1] No tiene subespecies reconocidas.[2]
Los colibríes coliancho son sexualmente dimórficos. Los machos tienen un gorjal metálico de color rosa iridiscente, lados y dorso de color verde con algo de color rufo en la cola. Las hembras son menos coloridas, carecen de un gorjal completo y exhiben costados de color beige y un dorso verde. Las hembras son más grandes que los machos, pero la masa corporal puede variar durante el transcurso de un día según la ingesta de néctar. Los machos jóvenes parecen hembras adultas y son difíciles de distinguir.[3][4]
Selasphorus platycercus es una especie migratoria con algunas poblaciones residentes en México. Las poblaciones migratorias se reproducen en Colorado y Wyoming, mientras que las poblaciones tropicales residentes se reproducen en el centro de México. Su rango de invierno se expande desde el norte de Guatemala hasta el norte de México. Falta información sobre poblaciones no migratorias.[4]
El hábitat de reproducción de los colibríes de cola ancha incluye sauces alrededor de lechos de arroyos secos o húmedos, bosques de piñones, enebros, abetos y robles. Se sabe que anidan a una altura de hasta 3230 m. En su rango de invierno, que se superpone con el rango de reproducción de las poblaciones residentes en México, los colibríes de cola ancha usan bosques de espinos y robles en elevaciones más bajas, y bosques mixtos de robles, pinos y cipreses, así como bosques de abetos en elevaciones más altas. Debido a la disponibilidad durante todo el año de comederos para colibríes en algunas áreas, algunas personas han establecido su residencia en áreas urbanas y suburbanas del suroeste de los Estados Unidos.[4][5]
Los colibríes de cola ancha tienen un sistema de apareamiento promiscuo en el que el macho y la hembra solo interactúan para la cópula. Los machos pueden aparearse con hasta seis hembras en una temporada. Los machos cortejan a las hembras haciendo una serie de exhibiciones de buceo.[4]
Después de la cópula, la hembra puede quedarse y acicalarse durante unos minutos antes de volar. Los nidos son construidos solamente por la hembra, los cuales son cóncavos en forma de semicírculo en el cual se ponen dos huevos.[4]
Las hembras de colibríes de cola ancha hacen el nido y crían solos a las crías. De diez a doce días después de la eclosión, las hembras comienzan a descansar lejos del nido, donde casi no hay suficiente espacio para que las crías se acurruquen juntas. Las hembras alimentan a los insectos jóvenes, en su mayoría pequeños, durante su desarrollo, y luego los abandonan para comenzar su migración hacia el sur.
El colibrí coliancho (Selasphorus platycercus) es una especie de ave de la familia Trochilidae. Es un picaflor de mediano tamaño con una longitud de aproximadamente 10 cm, nativa de América del Norte y Guatemala. No tiene subespecies reconocidas.
Selasphorus platycercus Selasphorus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Trochilidae familian sailkatua dago.
Selasphorus platycercus Selasphorus generoko animalia da. Hegaztien barruko Trochilidae familian sailkatua dago.
Selasphorus platycercus
Le Colibri à queue large (Selasphorus platycercus) est une espèce d'oiseau-mouche. C'est une espèce nectarivore.
Cette espèce utilise le système des aires de parade pour se reproduire. Bien que cela soit rare, cette espèce s'hybride avec le Colibri de Costa
Selasphorus platycercus
Le Colibri à queue large (Selasphorus platycercus) est une espèce d'oiseau-mouche. C'est une espèce nectarivore.
De breedstaartkolibrie (Selasphorus platycercus) is een vogel uit de familie Trochilidae (kolibries).
Deze soort komt voor in de bergen van de westelijk-centrale Verenigde Staten tot Mexico en Guatemala.
De breedstaartkolibrie (Selasphorus platycercus) is een vogel uit de familie Trochilidae (kolibries).
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Rudaczek szerokosterny (Selasphorus platycercus) – gatunek ptaka z rodziny kolibrowatych (Trochilidae). Skrzydła samca poza okresem pierzenia w locie charakterystycznie, głośno bzyczą. Lot tokowy – (jak u dużej liczby gatunków kolibrów) jest w kształcie litery U.
Rudaczek szerokosterny (Selasphorus platycercus) – gatunek ptaka z rodziny kolibrowatych (Trochilidae). Skrzydła samca poza okresem pierzenia w locie charakterystycznie, głośno bzyczą. Lot tokowy – (jak u dużej liczby gatunków kolibrów) jest w kształcie litery U.
Wygląd Długość ciała 9-10 cm. Samiec – jest to jedyny zachodni koliber mający zielone ciemię i różowe gardło. Samica – gardło w brązowe plamki, boki jasnopłowe. U obu płci widoczny szeroki ogon. Zasięg, środowisko Łąki, kępy kwiatów w szpilkowych i osikowych lasach południowo-zachodniej i południowo – środkowej części Ameryki Północnej.Bredstjärtad kolibri[2] (Selasphorus platycercus) är en fågel i familjen kolibrier inom ordningen seglar- och kolibrifåglar.[3] Den förekommer i bergsområden från sydvästra USA till Mexiko och Guatemala.[4] IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.[1]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör bredstjärtad kolibri.
Wikispecies har information om Selasphorus platycercus.
Bredstjärtad kolibri (Selasphorus platycercus) är en fågel i familjen kolibrier inom ordningen seglar- och kolibrifåglar. Den förekommer i bergsområden från sydvästra USA till Mexiko och Guatemala. IUCN kategoriserar arten som livskraftig.
Selasphorus platycercus là một loài chim trong họ Trochilidae.[1] Phạm vi sinh sống mùa hè của chim ruồi đuôi rộng kéo dài trên khắp núi rừng và đồng cỏ khắp miền Tây nước Mỹ, đặc biệt là khu vực Rocky Mountain trung tâm và về phía nam.
Bài viết họ Chim ruồi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Selasphorus platycercus là một loài chim trong họ Trochilidae. Phạm vi sinh sống mùa hè của chim ruồi đuôi rộng kéo dài trên khắp núi rừng và đồng cỏ khắp miền Tây nước Mỹ, đặc biệt là khu vực Rocky Mountain trung tâm và về phía nam.
Selasphorus platycercus Swainson, 1827
Ареал
Трёхцветный селасфорус[1] (лат. Selasphorus platycercus) — птица семейства колибри.
Характерным для этого вида колибри является заметный гул, возникающий из-за взмахов крыльев. Самцы отчетливо отличаются от самок в окраске оперения (половой диморфизм). Оперение самцов сверкает в области горла от красного до металлического цвета. Спина и верхняя сторона хвоста окрашены в зеленоватый цвет. Самки имеют гораздо менее пёструю окраску. У них белое горло, а на нижней стороне головы белая окраска с чёрными точками. Молодые самцы похожи в окраске оперения на самок[2].
В отличие от остальных представителей семейства колибри, внешние первостепенные маховые перья трёхцветного селасфоруса слегка уменьшены. Специфическое строение крыла и хвоста по всей видимости повлекло за собой особый механический звук полёта, который также приписывают зубчатой и рифленной паре удлиненных хвостовых перьев[3].
Колибри достигает длины от 83 до 97 мм и весит от 3 до 4 г[2]. Размах крыльев составляет от 12 до 14 см. Самцы несколько меньше и легче чем самки.
Ареал гнездования охватывает Неваду, Юту и Вайоминг до восточно-центральной Калифорнии, Аризоны, Нью-Мехико, Колорадо и западного Техаса. Птицы гнездятся также и в высокогорных регионах в Мексике и Гватемале. На зимовку птицы мигрируют осенью в горы Мексики и на юг до Гватемалы[4].
Трёхцветный селасфорус предпочитает цветущие низменности и высокогорные ландшафты, поросшие можжевельником, сосной, дубом, кипарисом и пихтой. Некоторые особи гнездятся на высотах более чем 3 000 м над уровнем моря. Много птиц селится также рядом с людьми.
Трёхцветный селасфорус питается нектаром цветов и мелкими насекомыми. Он подлетает, прежде всего, к красным цветкам с глубоким отверстием, таким как Ipomopsis aggregata[2]. В зимний период птицы гораздо менее разборчивы, иначе они не смогли бы покрыть свои потребности в питании из-за незначительного ассортимента.
Половая зрелость колибри наступает примерно в один год. Весной начинается период спаривания. Это единственное время года, когда встречаются оба пола (промискуитет). Самец оплодотворяет до 6 самок и не участвует в разведении птенцов[2].
Гнездо строит исключительно самка, в него она откладывает 2 яйца. Птенцы появляются через 16—19 дней. Через 10—12 дней самка уже не ночует в гнезде, так как оно становится слишком тесным. Птенцы становятся самостоятельными примерно через 25 дней[2].
